164 research outputs found
On the power laws of language: word frequency distributions
No full textAbout eight decades ago, Zipf postulated that the word frequency distribution of languages is a power law, i.e., it is a straight line on a log-log plot. Over the years, this phenomenon has been documented and studied extensively. For many corpora, however, the empirical distribution barely resembles a power law: when plotted on a loglog scale, the distribution is concave and appears to be composed of two differently sloped straight lines joined by a smooth curve. A simple generative model is proposed to capture this phenomenon. Theword frequency distributions produced by this model are shown to match the observations both analytically and empirically. © 2017 Copyright held by the owner/author(s)
Association of Non-communicable Diseases with Severe COVID-19 among People Living with and without Diagnosed HIV/AIDS in New York State
No full textBackground: People living with diagnosed HIV (PLWDH) have a higher chance of co-infections and co-morbidities than the general population. When SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in China in December 2019 and later declared a pandemic, it was speculated that PLWDH might be more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease outcomes given their increased vulnerability to other respiratory infections like influenza, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis. However, several facets of COVID-19 disease in PLWDH are incompletely understood, including whether non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are strong risk factors for severe disease outcomes and death as they are in the general population.
Methods: The data for my doctoral dissertation were collected by the New York State COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization study for PLWDH, which procured data from the Electronic Clinical Laboratory Reporting System (ECLRS), the Health Information Exchange (HIE), manual electronic medical record (EMR) reviews, and the New York State Electronic HIV Management System (NYEHMS). Statistical methods included survival analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression models in which hazard ratios were calculated for associations of NCD’s with death, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation among the PLWDH and people living without HIV who were hospitalized for COVID-19 during March 10, 2020, through June 6, 2020. The association between the main exposure and the outcomes were adjusted for age, sex at birth, race/ethnicity, smoking status and alcohol consumption.
Results: PLWDH had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and renal disease, whereas people without diagnosed HIV had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity and overweight. None of the NCDs was significantly associated with death, ICU admission or mechanical ventilation among PLWDH. Among people without HIV, diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with death, but not with ICU admission or mechanical ventilation. There was no interaction observed between NCD’s and HIV status, age and sex of the study population in the whole sample, and CD4 count, viral suppression and receipt of anti-retroviral therapy and outcome in PLWDH group.
Conclusion: In this analysis, PLWDH with select NCD’s did not have a higher risk or had a similar risk for mortality, requiring ICU admission or mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 in comparison with people without HIV/AIDS and COVID-19. This could be plausible as PLWDH in this sample could have been regular in the care cascade for receiving services related to HIV/AIDS, which is seen in the form of majority of PLWDH been receipt of ARV, maintaining a CD4 count \u3e200 and virally suppressed. With more studies on COVID-19 among PLWDH happening across the globe, much new evidence on associations of NCD’s and severe outcomes related to COVID-19 will be available in the future
Experience report: Scala collections
No full textWe report on our experiences in redesigning Scala's collection libraries, focussing on the role that type systems play in keeping software architectures coherent over time. Type systems can make software architecture more explicit but, if they are too weak, can also cause code duplication. We show that code duplication can be
avoided using two of Scala's type constructions: higher-kinded types and implicit parameters and conversions.sponsorship: The second author (Adriaan Moors) is supported by a grant from the Flemish IWT.status: Publishe
Co-creating Responsible Energy Systems
No full textEnergy system projects in countries like India are often failing. Not only because of technical or economical barriers, but mainly institutional and social issues are at the base of these failures. A co-creation, or participatory, process to align all demands and requirements of the different stakeholders is required. This paper takes evidence from literature on co-creation and energy systems and from case study research in India to help define an approach towards such a co-creation process as a use case for the application of the Responsible Innovation Systems framework. A discussion on co-creation as a solution generates a number of recommendations, after which a set of characteristics is concluded that the co-creation process of energy systems should have towards a responsible approach, so that more robust and sustainable innovations might emerge.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Energy and IndustryDelft Centre for Entrepreneurshi
The use of dynamic networks in scheduling flexible manufacturing systems
No full textFlexible Manufacturing Systems have developed recently to allow companies to compete in a global market. One problem arising from such systems is the optimal scheduling of the jobs through the system. There is much discussion as to what this problem should be, but it is agreed that it is a hard problem.This thesis deals with the scheduling problem as defined by Stecke as problems concerning the running of an FMS once it has been set up during a planning phase. Numerous techniques have been proposed to solve this problem.If the problem is static, various queueing models may be used. However, in a dynamic environment these models fail. Mathematical programming models allow for the dynamic environment, but rapidly increase in calculation requirements due to the need for integer answers. Simulation, hierarchical, and expert systems try to address this problem, but don't allow for optimal solutions.The use of a dynamic network model had been considered in the past, but rejected for various reasons. The thrust of this thesis is that these networks can be used and are a computationally feasible technique for finding optimal solutions to the FMS scheduling problem. In order to develop this concept, the basic dynamic network models originally proposed by Maxwell & Wilson needed to be expanded and modified.By incorporating the concepts of limited entry queues and micromodels of resources, a dynamic network model of an FMS can be developed and solved by efficient network flow techniques.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:24:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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PP043 HEALTH AND LIVELIHOOD PARADOX: UNDERSTANDING LIVELIHOOD AND POVERTY SITUATION OF TOBACCO WORKERS
No full textOptimization of Fruit Punch by Using Mixture Design
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Sensory Profiling and Positioning of Selected Commercial Sweet (Mysore Pak)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Psychometric Studies on Intensive Sweeteners
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Sensory Profiling and Positioning of Selected Commercial Snack (Sohan Halwa)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
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