1,721,008 research outputs found
Psychodynamic treatment and parent-infant interactions in families with mothers with psychopathology.
No full textThe large amount of research today underlines
that mothers’ postnatal depression (PND) influences
emotional-behavioral problems in their children, relational
patterns in mother–child dyads, together with
father’s psychopathological symptoms. The general
aim of this work was to assess the quality of motherinfant
and father-infant interactions in families in which
mothers were diagnosed for PND. Furthermore, we
estimated the effect of a psychodynamic treatment
that involved these families during the child’s first year of life on psychopathological parental symptoms
and on the quality of parent-infant interactions. Two
groups of families were sampled. In group TxMF (N =
22 families) both parents followed the psychological
intervention. In group TxM (N = 22 families) only the
mothers followed the treatment. Symptom Check-List90-Revised
(SCL-90-R), Questionario Italiano sul Temperamento
(QUIT) and the video-recorded procedure
observing mealtime Scala di Valutazione Interazioni
Alimentari (SVIA) were administered to parents and
dyads at two assessment points (T1 = 3 months - age
of the child and T2 = 12 months - age of the child).
Our results showed that parents in the TxMF group had
significantly lower SVIA scores (i.e., less maladaptive)
at T2. TxMF group scored lower at T2 at SCL-90-R, whereas
TxM showed no significant differences between
T1 and T2. This study highlights the significance of the
involvement of fathers in the treatment demonstrating
that the specific psychological treatment, involving
both parents, is more effective than the treatment
involving the mother alone. Our data suggested that
their involvement reduces psychopathological symptoms
in both parents and enhance the quality of their
interactions with children
Mother-child and father-child interaction during feeding: an empirical study on the parental psychopathological risk in a non referred sample.
No full textParent-Child Interactions in Families with Mothers who had Experienced Early Relational Traumas.
Get PDFEarly maternal relational traumas can have an impact on mothers’ psychopathological risk and mother-infant interactions. Research has suggested the importance of fathers’ role as protection or risk factors for child’s development. Few studies had considered fathers in the assessment of the quality of parent-infants interactions during daily routines (e.g. feeding) and there is a lack of research on non-referred samples. This paper aims to assess the quality of parent-infant interactions during feeding in families with mothers who have experienced early relational traumas, such as emotional abuse and neglect or sexual/physical abuse, considering parental psychopathological risks. N= 98 families were recruited and divided into three groups: families with mothers who lived through early sexual/physical abuse (Group A); families with mothers who lived through early emotional abuse or neglect (Group B); healthy controls (Group C). Families were assessed at 6 months of the children with a protocol that included an observation of parent-infant interactions during feeding and a self-report assessing psychopathological risk. Group B showed more maladaptive mother-infants and father-infant interactions with their children. Results show that the interaction of maternal depression and early traumatic experiences of neglect and emotional abuse predicted more maladaptive scores on the affective state of the dyad subscale. Furthermore, paternal anxiety predicted higher scores of child’s food refusal subscales. These results are very important for the planning of prevention and / or treatment , which take into account of the whole family
Binge eating disorder In adolescence: the role of alexithymia and impulsivity
Get PDFBinge Eating Disorder (BED) is a disorder, recently included in DSM-5, often present in adolescence. Several studies highlight that adolescents with BED had high levels of impulsivity and alexithymia. Even though studies have underlined the importance of these variables, no studies have investigated their role on adolescents’ emotional-behavioral functioning. This study proposes to verify if adolescents affected by BED show higher levels of alexithymia and impulsivity than adolescents without diagnosis, and what is their role on adolescents’ emotional-behavioral functioning. Thanks to the collaboration with clinical centers for eating disorders, a group composed by 60 adolescents diagnosed with BED was paired to a 60 healthy controls. Participants completed validated self-report questionnaires investigating levels of alexithymia, impulsivity and emotional-behavioral functioning. Adolescents diagnosed with BED showed higher scores on alexithymia, impulsivity and maladaptive emotional-behavioral functioning than healthy controls. Moreover, alexithymia had a mediating effect on the relationship between impulsivity and emotional-behavioral functioning. These results show that alexithymia is a key variable influencing the emotional-behavioral functioning of adolescents affected by BED. Further studies are needed to also check other variables that might lead to the onset of BED. On the other hand, our findings can help clinicians suggesting the importance of promoting prevention and treatment polices focused on alexithymia
Sincronicità e rispecchiamento emotivo nelle relazioni genitore-bambino
Get PDFIl secondo anno di vita rappresenta un periodo critico nello sviluppo del bambino, nel quale vi sono molte spinte verso l’autonomia, fondamentali per un sano sviluppo di un senso di Sé. In questa fase i ritmi diadici precedentemente raggiunti cambiano e numerosi studi evidenziano la presenza di conflitti, soprattutto nel passaggio all’alimentazione autonoma, dove si evidenzia la necessità per il genitore e il figlio di ridefinire i propri ruoli nella relazione diadica, al fine di ricercare un nuovo equilibrio.
A partire dalle teorizzazioni di Mary Ainsworth, diversi autori hanno indagato il ruolo di un genitore “sensibile” nello sviluppo di un bambino. Il presente elaborato si è posto l’obiettivo di poter indagare maggiormente il costrutto della sensibilità genitoriale ai segnali del bambino. Nello specifico, si è voluto indagare se la sensibilità del genitore potesse non essere vista come un costrutto unitario, ma possa differenziarsi in base alle richieste e ai bisogni del bambino. Si ipotizza che la sensibilità genitoriale possa essere un costrutto relazionale, influenzato da caratteristiche del genitore, del bambino e della relazione. In collaborazione con la Professoressa Lynne Murray, è stato messo a punto uno schema di codifica, al fine di valutare la sensibilità del genitore a differenti segnali (segnali del bambino di voler interrompere l’interazione, richieste di maggiore autonomia, richieste di rassicurazione e di cooperazione).
Sono stati svolti due studi empirici. Nel primo studio sono state valutate le interazioni alimentari madre-bambino e padre-bambino di N= 60 nuclei familiari in un campione non referred, con bambini di età compresa fra i 12 ed i 24 mesi. I risultati hanno mostrato che non vi erano differenze nella qualità interattiva materna e paterna durante l’alimentazione e che sia le madri che i padri mostravano una sensibilità maggiore ai segnali di cooperazione dei bambini, rispetto alle richieste di maggiore autonomia o di interrompere l’interazione.
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Nel secondo studio sono state valutate le interazioni alimentari e ludiche genitore-bambino di N= 38 nuclei familiari non referred, con bambini nel secondo anno di vita. In questo studio si è voluta verificare la presenza di eventuali differenze nella sensibilità genitoriale a differenti segnali del bambino sia durante interazioni alimentari che durante le interazioni ludiche, tenendo in considerazione i profili psicologici e lo stress genitoriali, il temperamento del bambino e l’adattamento di coppia. Sono state evidenziate differenze fra la sensibilità materna ai differenti segnali del bambino, sia nel contesto alimentare, che in quello ludico. Nei padri questa differenza è stata riscontrata solamente nelle interazioni ludiche. Inoltre, uno dei fattori che è risultato essere maggiormente associato alla qualità delle interazioni materne e paterne in entrambi i contesti è il temperamento del bambino e, nello specifico, l’emozionalità negativa e l’attività motoria del bambino.
I risultati confermano le ipotesi iniziali, evidenziando che la sensibilità genitoriale può essere differente in base ai bisogni del bambino. Si ipotizza che la minore sensibilità dei genitori riscontrata alle richieste di maggiore autonomia e di interruzione delle interazioni, sia legata a questa specifica fascia d’età, dove la spinta verso l’autonomia del bambino modifica i precedenti ruoli della diade. Ciononostante, questo risultato mette in evidenza che un genitore può mostrare una sensibilità differente in base ai bisogni del bambino e sarebbero necessarie ulteriori indagini in differenti fasce d’età
THE COMPLEX INTERPLAY BETWEEN EMOTIONAL, RELATIONAL, COGNITIVE AND MORAL FACTORS IN PRO ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS
No full textNumerous studies have shown the current environmental crisis can be mitigated by a sustainable use of
resources. International literature shows that studies have focused on 3 clusters of factors that can predict
pro-environmental behaviors (PEB): 1) habitual behaviors, 2) motivational factors (cost/benets and/or psychosocial variables, further studies have highlighted the important role of emotional factors.
Despite this, most studies have investigated these factors separately. "e present study aimed to assess the
complex interplay between emotional, relational, cognitive and moral factors and PEB. N=500 individuals
lled out self-report questionnaires assessing their relationship with the environment (e.g, PEB, nature relatedness, place a!achment), emotional factors (e.g, empathy, emotional regulation, compassion), cognitive
factors (e.g., self-control, empathic and social self-eÊcy, cognitive &exibility), and moral a!entiveness.
Results evidenced empathy and emotional regulation to be major predictors of PEB. "ese ndings o#er
important considerations for the development of intervention programs that could foster pro-environment
behaviors
Adolescents’ psychological functioning and unintentional injuries: motor vehicles and sports accidents
Get PDFAdolescence represents a crucial period for psychological development. Adolescents have been shown more prone to injuries than adults have and they are frequently involved in motor vehicle and sports accident. Although adolescents’ injuries have been widely investigated in international literature, victims’ psychological profiles associated with different types of accidents have been scarcely addressed. The present study aimed to identify adolescents’ psychological functioning associated with different types of injuries among a population of Italian adolescents who visited an emergency department. Moreover, the present paper intended to compare psychological profiles of adolescents who have had road and sports accidents. The sample was composed by N= 60 adolescents who attended an emergency department in central Italy. Subjects completed self-report measures assessing emotional and behavioural functioning and the use of defence mechanisms. Both road and sport accidents were associated with adolescents’ maladaptive psychological functioning. Adolescents involved in motor vehicle accidents showed a problematic emotional and behavioural functioning in general and a massive use of defense strategies; their peers who had sport accidents also show various difficulties in internalizing and externalizing functioning. Several adolescents’ emotional-behavioural variables are associated with injuries rates. Risk taking behaviours and other victims’ psychological profiles should be considered to have an exhaustive picture of individual factors that can impair a healthy development
The relationship between emotion regulation and sustainable leadership: The mediating role of social safeness
No full textEmotional factors in leaders have been found to be important in practicing sustainable leadership. Recent studies have highlighted that leaders with adaptive emotional regulation tend to exhibit sustainable leadership more frequently. However, it is not clear why emotional regulation can enable leaders to act sustainably with their followers. We aim to investigate whether being able to feel safe in social contexts may be a factor that explains the relationship between emotional regulation and sustainable leadership. N = 413 managers filled out self-report questionnaires assessing emotion dysregulation, social safeness, and sustainable leadership. Women showed high social safeness than males, whereas no gender differences were found in levels of emotional dysregulation and sustainable leadership. The hypothesized mediation model was tested, showing both a direct effect of emotional dysregulation on sustainable leadership, and an indirect effect, via social safeness. This result has important implications for the possibility of creating business programs focused on emotional regulation
Incidenti stradali in adolescenza. Il ruolo del supporto genitoriale
Get PDFGli incidenti stradali sono molto frequenti durante il periodo adolescenziale. Le ricerche in questo campo hanno limitatamente indagato il funzionamento emotivoadattivo degli adolescenti ed il ruolo svolto dalla loro percezione del supporto familiare. Questo studio vuole indagare il funzionamento emotivo-adattivo, la difficoltà nell’identificare e nel descrivere le proprie emozioni ed il supporto familiare percepito, in adolescenti che hanno esperito incidenti stradali. N=144 adolescenti che afferivano al Pronto Soccorso, a seguito di incidenti stradali a bordo di un motoveicolo, sono stati valutati attraverso questionari self-report. Adolescenti con alti tassi di incidenti stradali hanno mostrato un funzionamento emotivo-comportamentale disadattivo e maggiori difficoltà ad identificare e descrivere le proprie emozioni. Inoltre, uno scarso supporto familiare percepito è risultato essere associato con un funzionamento disadattivo dell’adolescente, a sua volta associato ad incidenti ripetuti. Questi risultati possono sostenere la pianificazione di programmi di prevenzione volti ad adolescenti, basati sulla promozione di una maggiore capacità di ascolto e riflessione sulle proprie
emozioni.Road collisions are frequent during adolescence. Research in this field has limitedly focused on adolescents’ emotional–behavioral functioning and on the role played by family support. This study aims to investigate the emotional–behavioral functioning, difficulties to identify and describe emotions and family support in adolescents that have experienced motorbikes collisions. N= 144 adolescents who visited an emergency department for motor vehicle accidents were assessed through self-report questionnaires assessing. Adolescents that have experienced a higher rates of motorbike collisions showed more maladaptive emotional–behavioral functioning and more difficulties to identify and describe their emotions. Further, lower perceived family support is associated with adolescents’ maladaptive functioning. These findings may help the planning of prevention programs for adolescents, based on the enhancing of the capacity of ‘‘listening” to and reflecting on one’s own feelings and mood
Low BMI and psychological functioning from childhood to adolescence: A longitudinal study
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