4,567 research outputs found
D유형 성격이 관상동맥질환의 우울, 불안과 건강 관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석
No full textPURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Type D personality among patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
METHODS: Seven databases were searched to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently searched, selected, extracted, and assessed the studies. The quality of studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. To estimate the effect size, meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 program.
RESULTS: Of 1,128 publications identified, 31 studies that met the inclusion criteria were used to estimate the effect size of Type D personality. Effect size (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]) was used in the analyses. Patients with CAD who had Type D personality had higher levels of depression (SMD=0.92; 95% Confidecne Interval (CI)=0.74~1.10) and anxiety (SMD=1.19; 95% CI=0.81~1.57), but lower levels of physical and mental health-related quality of life (SMD=-0.56; 95% CI=-0.75~-0.38; SMD=-0.91; 95% CI=-1.10~-0.73). Publication bias was not detected.
CONCLUSION: Type D personality was associated with increased depression and anxiety and impaired health-related quality of life in patients with CAD. Personality and psychosocial risk screening in patients with CAD should be conducted in the clinical setting
SYNTHESIS OF SILICA NANOPARTICLES IN TURBULENT NONPREMIXED FLAMES WITH OXYGEN ENRICHMENT
No full textAnalysis for long period fiber gratings using thermal kernel function
No full textTo analyze the various LPFGs with thermal changes, we present how makes the kernel function to translate the information of thermal change into the coupling coefficient and detuning factor changed by temperature. We propose the extended fundamental matrix model with the proposed kernel function. To verify the validity of the proposed model experimentally, we have manufactured the LPFG structures with the thermal changes using the divided coil heater. We have observed that the transmission spectra calculated using the proposed model are close to the corresponding measured spectra in the wavelength band of interest. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America
Effects of chemical reaction on the polishing rate and surface planarity in the copper CMP
No full textChemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is the polishing process enabled by both chemical and mechanical actions. CMP is used in the fabrication process of the integrated circuits to achieve adequate planarity necessary for stringent photolithography depth of focus requirements. And recently copper is preferred in the metallization process because of its low resistivity. We have studied the effects of chemical reaction on the polishing rate and surface planarity in copper CMP by means of numerical simulation solving Navier-Stokes equation and copper diffusion equation. We have performed pore-scale simulation and integrated the results over all the pores underneath the wafer surface to calculate the macroscopic material removal rate. The mechanical abrasion effect was not included in our study and we concentrated our focus on the transport phenomena occurring in a single pore. We have observed the effects of several parameters such as concentration of chemical additives, relative velocity of the wafer, slurry film thickness or aspect ratio of the pore on the copper removal rate and the surface planarity. We observed that when the chemical reaction was rate-limiting step, the results of simulation matched well with the experimental data.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support by KIST and by the BK 21 project. Also, this research was partially funded by Center for Ultramicrochemical Process Systems sponsored by KOSEF
The Dewar photoproduct of thymidylyl(3 -> 5 )-thymidine (Dewar product) exhibits mutagenic behavior in accordance with the "A rule"
No full textIn contrast to the highly mutagenic pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct, its Dewar valence isomer (Dewar product) has low mutagenic potential and produces a broad range of mutations [LeClerc, J. E., Borden. A. & Lawrence, C. W. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88. 9685-9689]. To determine the origin of the mutagenic property of the Dewar product, we used experimental NMR restraints and molecular dynamics to determine the solution structure of a Dewar-lesion DNA decamer duplex. This DNA decamer duplex (DW/GA duplex) contains a mismatched base pair between the 3' T residue of the Dewar lesion (T6) and an opposed G residue (G15). The 3' T (T6) of the Dewar lesion formed stable hydrogen bonds with the opposing G15 residue. However, the helical bending and unwinding angles of the DW/GA duplex were much larger than those of a second duplex that contains the Dewar lesion and opposing A15 and A16 residues (DW/AA duplex). The DW/GA duplex showed poorer stacking interactions at the two bases of the Dewar product and at the adjacent A7.T14 base pair than did the DW/AA duplex. These structural features imply that no thermal stability or conformational benefit is obtained by incorporating a G instead of an A opposite the 3' T of the Dewar lesion. These properties may thus facilitate the preferential incorporation of an A in accordance with the A rule during translesion replication and lead to the low frequency of 3' T-->C mutations observed at this site
중증 정신질환자의 내재화된 낙인 감소 비약물적 중재의 효과: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석
No full textPURPOSE: This study systematically reviewed and analyzed the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on internalized stigma among people with severe mental illness. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Cochrane Intervention Research Systematic Review Manual and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. This study targeted people with severe mental illness as the population, interventions aimed at reducing internalized stigma, comparisons with control groups, and internalized stigma as the outcome. A literature search was performed across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycArticles, RISS, KMbase, and KoreaMed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Effect sizes were computed using Hedges's g, and subgroup analyses were conducted with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 4.0. RESULTS: Of 2,388 papers, 15 were included in the meta-analysis. The overall effect size (Hedges's g) of the intervention was -0.60 (95% confidence interval, -1.01 to -0.19), indicating a statistically significant reduction in internalized stigma (Z=-2.88, p=.004). Subgroup analyses revealed that the intervention type (p=.008) and session length (p=.011) were significant moderators influencing the effectiveness of the interventions. CONCLUSION: Tailoring interventions by considering variables such as the intervention type and session length could enhance the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for reducing internalized stigma among people with severe mental illness (PROSPERO: CRD42023418561)
임상간호사의 환자안전사건으로 인한 이차피해경험, 이차피해지지가 업무관련결과에 미치는 영향
No full textPurpose: This study aims to determine the influence of clinical nurses’ second-victim experience and second-victim support on their negative work-related outcomes. Methods: We used a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 179 clinical nurses from two Korean tertiary hospitals. The data were collected through a structured self-questionnaire survey and analyzed via descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance), Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Second-victim experience revealed a significant negative correlation with second-victim support and a significant positive correlation with negative work-related outcomes. The second-victim experience was found to be a significant predictor of negative work-related outcomes. These factors explained 46.3% of the negative work-related outcomes in the regression model. Conclusion: It is necessary to determine the degree of second-victim experience among clinical nurses and provide second-victim support to prevent future occurrences of negative work-related outcomes
Continuous Production of Erythromycin using a Carrier-supported Mycelial Growth in an Air-lift Bioreactor
No full textResearch Trends on Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Non-Central Nervous System Cancer: Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to understand the knowledge structure and trends in research on cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in patients with non-central nervous system (non-CNS) cancer through text network analysis and topic modeling. Methods: From 2011 to 2021, studies on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer registered in databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycInfo, were extracted and cleaned into words using Python’s natural language toolkit package. Text network analysis was performed using the NetworkX library, and topic modeling analysis based on the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm was carried out using the Gensim library. Results: In total, 24,030 keywords were extracted from the abstracts of 490 selected papers, of which “chemotherapy,” “breast cancer,” and “quality of life” showed high frequency and centrality. As a result of the topic modeling analysis, four subject groups were derived, including cognitive impairment due to chemotherapy, breast cancer and cognitive impairment, factors related to cognitive impairment, and symptom experience. Conclusion: These findings will help cancer researchers to understand the trends and insights of research on CRCI in patients with non-CNS cancer and suggest important areas and directions for future studies
Impact of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textObjective: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of research conducted on nonpharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer and identify the primary effects of nonpharmacological interventions through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled trial studies until September 30, 2022, using the key terms “breast cancer,” “cognitive disorders,” and their possible variations. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess risk of bias. The effect sizes were calculated in Hedges’ g. Potential moderators influencing the intervention effects were explored. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, and 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Among the nonpharmacological interventions for patients with breast cancer, cognitive rehabilitation and physical activity were the most common, followed by cognitive behavioral therapy. The meta-analysis indicated that nonpharmacological interventions had a significant effect on attention (g = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.52; I2 = 76%), immediate recall (g = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.49; I2 = 0%), executive function (g = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.37; I2 = 0%), and processing speed (g = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.73; I2 = 51%) among objective cognitive functions, as well as subjective cognitive function (g = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.96; I2 = 78%). Intervention type and mode of delivery were potential moderators for the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive functions. Conclusions: Nonpharmacological interventions can improve subjective and objective cognitive functioning among patients with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide nonpharmacological interventions by screening patients at high risk of cancer-related cognitive impairment. Systematic review registration: CRD42021251709
- …
