1,721,079 research outputs found
D유형 성격이 관상동맥질환의 우울, 불안과 건강 관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석
No full textPURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Type D personality among patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
METHODS: Seven databases were searched to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently searched, selected, extracted, and assessed the studies. The quality of studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. To estimate the effect size, meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 program.
RESULTS: Of 1,128 publications identified, 31 studies that met the inclusion criteria were used to estimate the effect size of Type D personality. Effect size (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]) was used in the analyses. Patients with CAD who had Type D personality had higher levels of depression (SMD=0.92; 95% Confidecne Interval (CI)=0.74~1.10) and anxiety (SMD=1.19; 95% CI=0.81~1.57), but lower levels of physical and mental health-related quality of life (SMD=-0.56; 95% CI=-0.75~-0.38; SMD=-0.91; 95% CI=-1.10~-0.73). Publication bias was not detected.
CONCLUSION: Type D personality was associated with increased depression and anxiety and impaired health-related quality of life in patients with CAD. Personality and psychosocial risk screening in patients with CAD should be conducted in the clinical setting
SYNTHESIS OF SILICA NANOPARTICLES IN TURBULENT NONPREMIXED FLAMES WITH OXYGEN ENRICHMENT
Full text linkEffects of chemical reaction on the polishing rate and surface planarity in the copper CMP
No full textChemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is the polishing process enabled by both chemical and mechanical actions. CMP is used in the fabrication process of the integrated circuits to achieve adequate planarity necessary for stringent photolithography depth of focus requirements. And recently copper is preferred in the metallization process because of its low resistivity. We have studied the effects of chemical reaction on the polishing rate and surface planarity in copper CMP by means of numerical simulation solving Navier-Stokes equation and copper diffusion equation. We have performed pore-scale simulation and integrated the results over all the pores underneath the wafer surface to calculate the macroscopic material removal rate. The mechanical abrasion effect was not included in our study and we concentrated our focus on the transport phenomena occurring in a single pore. We have observed the effects of several parameters such as concentration of chemical additives, relative velocity of the wafer, slurry film thickness or aspect ratio of the pore on the copper removal rate and the surface planarity. We observed that when the chemical reaction was rate-limiting step, the results of simulation matched well with the experimental data.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support by KIST and by the BK 21 project. Also, this research was partially funded by Center for Ultramicrochemical Process Systems sponsored by KOSEF
The Dewar photoproduct of thymidylyl(3 -> 5 )-thymidine (Dewar product) exhibits mutagenic behavior in accordance with the "A rule"
No full textIn contrast to the highly mutagenic pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproduct, its Dewar valence isomer (Dewar product) has low mutagenic potential and produces a broad range of mutations [LeClerc, J. E., Borden. A. & Lawrence, C. W. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88. 9685-9689]. To determine the origin of the mutagenic property of the Dewar product, we used experimental NMR restraints and molecular dynamics to determine the solution structure of a Dewar-lesion DNA decamer duplex. This DNA decamer duplex (DW/GA duplex) contains a mismatched base pair between the 3' T residue of the Dewar lesion (T6) and an opposed G residue (G15). The 3' T (T6) of the Dewar lesion formed stable hydrogen bonds with the opposing G15 residue. However, the helical bending and unwinding angles of the DW/GA duplex were much larger than those of a second duplex that contains the Dewar lesion and opposing A15 and A16 residues (DW/AA duplex). The DW/GA duplex showed poorer stacking interactions at the two bases of the Dewar product and at the adjacent A7.T14 base pair than did the DW/AA duplex. These structural features imply that no thermal stability or conformational benefit is obtained by incorporating a G instead of an A opposite the 3' T of the Dewar lesion. These properties may thus facilitate the preferential incorporation of an A in accordance with the A rule during translesion replication and lead to the low frequency of 3' T-->C mutations observed at this site
중증 정신질환자의 내재화된 낙인 감소 비약물적 중재의 효과: 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석
No full textPURPOSE: This study systematically reviewed and analyzed the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on internalized stigma among people with severe mental illness. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Cochrane Intervention Research Systematic Review Manual and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. This study targeted people with severe mental illness as the population, interventions aimed at reducing internalized stigma, comparisons with control groups, and internalized stigma as the outcome. A literature search was performed across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycArticles, RISS, KMbase, and KoreaMed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Effect sizes were computed using Hedges's g, and subgroup analyses were conducted with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 4.0. RESULTS: Of 2,388 papers, 15 were included in the meta-analysis. The overall effect size (Hedges's g) of the intervention was -0.60 (95% confidence interval, -1.01 to -0.19), indicating a statistically significant reduction in internalized stigma (Z=-2.88, p=.004). Subgroup analyses revealed that the intervention type (p=.008) and session length (p=.011) were significant moderators influencing the effectiveness of the interventions. CONCLUSION: Tailoring interventions by considering variables such as the intervention type and session length could enhance the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for reducing internalized stigma among people with severe mental illness (PROSPERO: CRD42023418561)
임상간호사의 환자안전사건으로 인한 이차피해경험, 이차피해지지가 업무관련결과에 미치는 영향
Full text linkPurpose: This study aims to determine the influence of clinical nurses’ second-victim experience and second-victim support on their negative work-related outcomes. Methods: We used a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 179 clinical nurses from two Korean tertiary hospitals. The data were collected through a structured self-questionnaire survey and analyzed via descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance), Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Second-victim experience revealed a significant negative correlation with second-victim support and a significant positive correlation with negative work-related outcomes. The second-victim experience was found to be a significant predictor of negative work-related outcomes. These factors explained 46.3% of the negative work-related outcomes in the regression model. Conclusion: It is necessary to determine the degree of second-victim experience among clinical nurses and provide second-victim support to prevent future occurrences of negative work-related outcomes
Impact of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive impairment in women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textObjective: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of research conducted on nonpharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer and identify the primary effects of nonpharmacological interventions through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled trial studies until September 30, 2022, using the key terms “breast cancer,” “cognitive disorders,” and their possible variations. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess risk of bias. The effect sizes were calculated in Hedges’ g. Potential moderators influencing the intervention effects were explored. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the systematic review, and 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Among the nonpharmacological interventions for patients with breast cancer, cognitive rehabilitation and physical activity were the most common, followed by cognitive behavioral therapy. The meta-analysis indicated that nonpharmacological interventions had a significant effect on attention (g = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.52; I2 = 76%), immediate recall (g = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.49; I2 = 0%), executive function (g = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.37; I2 = 0%), and processing speed (g = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.73; I2 = 51%) among objective cognitive functions, as well as subjective cognitive function (g = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.96; I2 = 78%). Intervention type and mode of delivery were potential moderators for the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on cognitive functions. Conclusions: Nonpharmacological interventions can improve subjective and objective cognitive functioning among patients with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to provide nonpharmacological interventions by screening patients at high risk of cancer-related cognitive impairment. Systematic review registration: CRD42021251709
한국 응급실 간호사의 전문직 자아개념, 팀워크가 직무만족에 미치는 영향: 횡단적 조사연구
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to derive insights into professional self-concept, teamwork, and job satisfaction among emergency department (ED) nurses and to prepare basic data for improving job satisfaction among ED nurses. Methods: The study was conducted between October 2023 and April 2024 at two certified tertiary hospitals and one general hospital in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, among 124 ED nurses. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, and the analysis included descriptive statistics, the t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The factors affecting job satisfaction in ED nurses were professional self-concept (β =.66, p <.001), teamwork (β =.17, p =.003), and ED work satisfaction (β =.17, p =.003), and the overall explanatory power of the model was 67.7%. Conclusion: This study makes a significant contribution by demonstrating that professional self-concept and teamwork can increase job satisfaction in ED nurses. Therefore, as a strategy to increase job satisfaction through improving ED nurses’ professional self-concept and teamwork, effort should be made to apply team simulation programs that provide education and self-improvement opportunities for frequent diseases and situations encountered in the ED, and to communicate effectively about patient treatment strategies
Preparations of silica slurry for wafer polishing via controlled growth of commercial silica seeds
No full textSilica slurry in aqueous medium for wafer polishing was prepared by sol-gel reaction of silicon alkoxide utilizing commercial silica particles as seeds that were grown stepwise through intermittent additions of tetraethy 1-orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica precursor. Before the growth reaction, the commercial silica particles were pre-treated in the vibratory mill partially filled with zirconia ball and the sonicator to ensure good dispersion. The alcohol left after growth reaction was removed by vacuum distillation and repeated washings with distilled water followed by centrifugations. Then, the alcohol-free silica particles were redispersed in water. The dispersion stability of the silica slurries was examined by measuring surface charge of silica particles and rheological properties. Finally, wafer-polishing performance of the prepared silica slurries was considered by measuring the polishing (or removal) rate, and RMS (root mean square) roughness of the polished wafer surface. For the polishing, MEA (monoethanolamine) and TMAH (tetramethylammonium. hydroxide) were used as polishing accelerators. The polishing result showed that the removal rate was nearly independent of the concentrations of MEA and TMAH in the range of 0.3-0.5 wt% and 100-500 ppm, respectively. One of the most interesting features is that hydrothermal treatment of the prepared silica slurries in autoclave increased the removal rate as high as ten times. Although the removal rate was increased by the increased size of the abrasive particle, surface roughness of the polished wafer surface was deteriorated.The authors wish to acknowledge support by KOSEF under Grant
No. 1999-1-307-004-3. This work was also supported partly by the
Brain Korea 21 Project
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