102,031 research outputs found
Gli elementi climatici e la conservazione del valore culturale dei suoli irrigati dagli arabi in agro di Castellammare del Golfo (TP).
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LONG-TERM EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND CROP SEQUENCE ON SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY AND NITROGEN EMISSIONS IN MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT
No full textSoil data from Italy (Sicily)
No full textSoil erosion and water deficit traditionally affect agriculture of Mediterranean areas. In Sicily, these issues are complicated by the very accentuated spatial and temporal variability of rainfall that concentrates in the northern coast and in the period from October to April. Modelling of the hydrological processes may help to prevent soil loss, predict the fate of agrochemicals in the soil profile, optimize dry agriculture and manage irrigation. However, agro-hydrological simulation models require the detailed knowledge of the soil hydraulic properties, i.e. the water retention curve and the hydraulic conductivity function. The Sicilian regional administration has recently published a new edition of the soil map of Siciliy (Perciabosco et al., 2012). Unfortunately, the very significant information contained in that map doesn’t include detailed hydrological data. Therefore, despite being largely studied, the Sicilian soils were never systematically sampled for determining their hydrological properties. The soil data included in the EU-HYDI database were collected during several projects conducted by the Hydraulic Section of the Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (SAF) – University of Palermo and Funded by the Sicilian regional administration (Regione Siciliana, Assessorato delle Risorse Agricole ed Alimentari), and Environmental Protection Agency of Sicily (ARPA)
Vertisols and cambisols had contrasting short term greenhouse gas responses to crop residue management
No full textIn sustainable agriculture crop residues management should consider the interactions between soil and residue properties, which can affect the decomposition and global greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. Through a laboratory experiment, we investigated the effect of the management (incorporation and surface placement) of wheat and faba bean residues on their decomposition and CO 2, CH 4 and N 2O emissions from two soils, a Chromic Vertisol and an Eutric Cambisol. In the Vertisol, wheat residues increased the CO 2 emission more than faba bean when left on the surface whereas no differences among residues were observed when incorporated. In the Cambisol, faba bean emitted more than wheat when left in the surface and less when incorporated. Total CH 4 emissions were higher in faba bean in Cambisol for both management and only when applied in the surface in Vertisol. Total N 2O emission in the Vertisol was higher when faba bean was incorporated, and wheat was left on the surface. In the Cambisol, wheat addition increased total N 2O emissions by 20% compared to faba bean, with no differences between managements. Our study confirmed that contrasting properties among tested soils resulted in significant interactions with residues own degradability and their placement affecting residue decomposition, soil C and N dynamics, and GHGs emission. </p
An assessment of factors controlling N2O and CO2 emissions from crop residues using different measurement approaches
No full textManagement of plant residues plays an important role in maintaining soil quality and nutrient availability for plants and microbes. However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the factors controlling residue decomposition and their effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil. This uncertainty is created both by the complexity of the processes involved and limitations in the methodologies commonly used to quantify GHG emissions. We therefore investigated the addition of two soil residues (durum wheat and faba bean) with similar C/N ratios but contrasting fibres, lignin and cellulose contents on nutrient dynamics and GHG emission from two contrasting soils: a low-soil organic carbon (SOC), high pH clay soil (Chromic Haploxerert) and a high-SOC, low pH sandy-loam soil (Eutric Cambisol). In addition, we compared the effectiveness of the use of an infrared gas analyser (IRGA) and a photoacoustic gas analyser (PGA) to measure GHG emissions with more conventional gas chromatography (GC). There was a strong correlation between the different measurement techniques which strengthens the case for the use of continuous measurement approaches involving IRGA and PGA analyses in studies of this type. The unamended Cambisol released 286% more CO2 and 30% more N2O than the Haploxerert. Addition of plant residues increased CO2 emissions more in the Haploxerert than Cambisol and N2O emission more in the Cambisol than in the Haploxerert. This may have been a consequence of the high N stabilization efficiency of the Haploxerert resulting from its high pH and the effect of the clay on mineralization of native organic matter. These results have implication management of plant residues in different soil types
Aurea®: fertilizzanti azotati additivati con inibitori dell’ureasi per ridurre le perdite di azoto nei sistemi semiaridi
No full textRight ventricular assessment matters for precision medicine.. reply to "Identifying parameters associated with response to switching from a PDE5i to riociguat in RESPITE"
No full textWe have read with great interest the article titled “Identifying parameters associated with response to switching from a PDE5i to riociguat in RESPITE”, reporting the results of a post hoc analysis performed in patients who completed RESPITE trial. This is an innovative approach in the setting of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), opening the way for precision medicine. In this context, the REVEAL risk score (RRS) and NT-proBNP and growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), both indicative of right ventricular (RV) adaptation to increased afterload and RV remodelling, were identified as potential predictors of response in PAH patients switching from PDE5-i to riociguat. Interestingly, responders had lower biomarkers' levels and lower RRS than non-responders, suggestive of a less advanced RV remodelling. This finding, in line with the most recent evidence, highlights the need to integrate imaging-derived RV metrics into widely accepted risk scores, adding important information on RV function to indirect functional parameters, such as New York Heart Association functional class, six-min walk distance, eGFR and DLCO
Can mindfulness mitigate the energy-depleting process and increase job resources to prevent burnout. a study on the mindfulness trait in the school context
No full textBackground Past studies in the teaching context provided evidence of the role of mindfulness-based intervention in improving occupational wellbeing. This study aims to increase the extant knowledge by testing the mechanism that links teachers’ mindfulness at work to occupational wellbeing. Rooted in the job demand–resource model, the mindfulness trait is conceptualized as a personal resource that has the ability to impact and interact with job demands and resources, specifically workload stress appraisal and perceived meaningfulness of work, in affecting teachers’ burnout. Methods A sample of primary, middle, and secondary school teachers (N = 605) completed a questionnaire that aimed to assess teachers’ mindfulness trait and the measures of the quality of occupational life in the school context. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the model fit indices; further analyses were performed to test the hypotheses about mediation and moderation effects. Results The CFA showed good model fit indices. Further analyses highlighted that teachers’ mindfulness is negatively associated with workload stress appraisal and that positively influenced work meaning, in turn mediating the relationship between mindfulness and burnout. Finally, mindfulness moderated the effect of workload stress appraisal on burnout. Conclusions Rooted in the job demand–resource model, this study emphasizes an underrepresented personal resource, that is, the mindfulness trait at work, and the links that favor its impact on burnout. Practical and future research implications are also discussed
The concept of „Routine care“ and „Usual care“ in the nursing discipline: a multi-method study. (in: The 20th European Doctoral Conference in Nursing Science – EDCNS)
No full textIntroduction: The term “Routine” is used in various fields of
knowledge with multiple connotations. In nursing, it remains
poor developed and inconsistently defined in literature. This
study aims to define “Routine care” and “Usual care” in nursing,
exploring their implications in clinical, research and educational
contexts.
Methods: A multi-method approach. In the first phase, a
systematic review synthesized definition of “Routine care” and
“Usual care” following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Analysis—guidelines. The second
phase involved semi-structured interviews with multiple stakeholders
(nurses, physicians, patients, caregiver, students) to
explore the concept at the practical levels.
Results: From 27,364 studies, the 10 articles included identified
16 thematic areas defining “Routine care” and “Usual
care”. “Routine care” was mainly characterized by repeated
activities over time. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were
conducted, involving 7 nursing students, 4 nurse manager, 2
patients, 2 caregivers and 4 physicians, who reported heterogeneity
in the interpretation of these concepts.
Conclusion: Concepts of “usual care” and “routine care” are
not equivalent still and appear poorly conceptually and practically
defined. “Routine care” are oriented towards work efficiency,
and it is influenced by temporal, relational, cultural and
ritual factors. The “usual care” varies considerably between
contexts and individuals reflecting mainly the current standards
of care. There is a need to further develop these concepts
according also to their relevance in comparative or interventional
studies
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