1,721,345 research outputs found
RRS James Clark Ross Cruise 81, 18 Dec 2002-02 Jan 2003. Drake Passage repeat hydrography: WOCE Southern Repeat Section 1b – Elephant Island to Burdwood Bank
Full text linkThis report describes the eighth repeat hydrography section across Drake Passage, first established during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment. Thirty CTD/LADCP stations were carried out across the 753 km section from Elephant Island to Burdwood Bank, plus one test station and one station at the Rothera Time Series (RaTS) site, just off Biscoe Wharf at Rothera. Maximum station spacing on thesection was 33 km, with stations closer together on the continental shelves. Water samples were drawn for salinity analysis, for subsequent CTD conductivity calibration. Samples were also drawn for analysis of oxygen isotope fraction ?18O, for later analysis back at Southampton Oceanography Centre. The LADCP comprised a single downward-looking RD Instruments Workhorse ADCP. The CTD was a SeaBird 911plus with dual conductivity and temperature sensors. Various underway measurements included navigation, vessel-mounted ADCP, sea surface temperature and salinity, water depth and meteorological parameters
RRS James Clark Ross Cruise 67, 19 Nov-17 Dec 2002. Drake Passage repeat hydrography: WOCE Southern Repeat Section 1b – Burdwood Bank to Elephant Island
Full text linkThis report describes the seventh repeat hydrography section across Drake Passage, first established during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment. Thirty CTD/LADCP stations were carried out across the 753 km section from Burdwood Bank to Elephant Island, plus one test station, one station in Drake Passage to provide sound speed information for concurrent geophysical activities, and one station at the Rothera Time Series (RaTS) site, just off Biscoe Wharf at Rothera. Maximum station spacing on thesection was 33 km, with stations closer together on the continental shelves. Water samples were drawn for salinity analysis, for subsequent CTD conductivity calibration. The LADCP was a new 2-instrument setup comprising upward– and downward–looking RD Instruments Workhorse ADCPs. The CTD was a SeaBird 911plus with dual temperature and conductivity sensors. Various underway measurements included navigation, vessel-mounted ADCP, sea surface temperature and salinity, water depth and meteorological parameters
The Rossby radius in the Arctic Ocean
Full text linkThe first (and second) baroclinic deformation (or Rossby) radii are presented north of ~60° N, focusing on deep basins and shelf seas in the high Arctic Ocean, the Nordic seas, Baffin Bay, Hudson Bay and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, derived from climatological ocean data. In the high Arctic Ocean, the first Rossby radius increases from ~5 km in the Nansen Basin to ~15 km in the central Canadian Basin. In the shelf seas and elsewhere, values are low (1–7 km), reflecting weak density stratification, shallow water, or both. Seasonality strongly impacts the Rossby radius only in shallow seas, where winter homogenization of the water column can reduce it to below 1 km. Greater detail is seen in the output from an ice–ocean general circulation model, of higher resolution than the climatology. To assess the impact of secular variability, 10 years (2003–2012) of hydrographic stations along 150° W in the Beaufort Gyre are also analysed. The first-mode Rossby radius increases over this period by ~20%. Finally, we review the observed scales of Arctic Ocean eddies
RRS Discovery Cruise 309-310, 18 Aug-05 Sep 2006. Cape Farewell and Eirik Ridge (CFER-2)
Full text linkThis report describes scientific activities during RRS Discovery cruise 309-310 in the vicinity of Cape Farewell, southern Greenland, during late summer 2006. A Deep Western Boundary Current array of seven moorings was recovered and a replacement array of five moorings was deployed. For IFREMER, one mooring and one glider were recovered; one IfM-GEOMAR and three NIOZ moorings were recovered, serviced and redeployed. Hydrographic work comprised 25 CTD/LADCP stations, and three tows of the Moving Vessel Profiler (MVP); water samples were captured on each station for the measurement of salinity. Continuous underway measurements comprised: navigation; currents, using ship-mounted ADCPs (75 and 150 kHz); meteorology; sea surface temperature and salinity; and bathymetry. D309-310 (CFER-2) is a part of the project “Cape Farewell and Eirik Ridge: Interannual to Millennial Thermohaline Circulation Variability”, funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council as part of its “Rapid Climate Change” Directed Research Programme
RRS Discovery Cruise 230, 07 Aug-17 Sep 1997. Two hydrographic sections across the boundaries of the subpolar gyre: FOUREX
Full text linkThis report describes RRS Discovery Cruise 230, designed as a repeat of the International Geophysical Year (IGY) survey section 4, roughly from Cape Finisterre (Spain) to Cape Farewell (Greenland). IGY 4 was first surveyed in 1957, so this repeat gives a 40–year look at decadal variability in the North Atlantic from the eastern boundary regime via the junction of subtropical and subpolar gyres to the western boundary regime. Additional short sections were measured (a) midway between Cape Farewell and Denmark Strait, (b) across Denmark Strait and (c) from Iceland to Scotland in order (i) to assess the spatial variability of the western boundary regime up the east Greenland coast to Denmark Strait, (ii) to assess the exchange between the northern North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas, (iii) to create a large scale North Atlantic closed box for evaluation of the circulation, and (iv) to continue the long time series of Rockall Trough sections. Sections were measured with stations for CTD, LADCP and tracer chemistry (CFCs, oxygen, nutrients, CO2). Continuous measurements of high precision position and heading navigation data were made; also of VM–ADCP, depth and TSG. Continuous high–quality meteorological measurements were made, with a view to assessing Ekman fluxes, and comparing with fluxes inferred from Irminger Basin float data. This cruise is a UK contribution to the World Ocean Circulation Experiment
RRS Discovery Cruise 298, 23 Aug-25 Sep 2005. Cape Farewell and Eirik Ridge (CFER-1)
Full text linkThis report describes scientific activities during RRS Discovery cruise 298 in the vicinity of Cape Farewell, southern Greenland, during early autumn 2005. A Deep Western Boundary Current array of seven moorings was deployed, and two IFREMER moorings were recovered, serviced and redeployed; also, a WHOI mooring was recovered. Hydrographic work comprised an area survey of 63 CTD/LADCP stations; up to 24 water samples were captured on each station for the measurement of salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, CFCs (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113 and CCl4), and oxygen isotope fraction (?18O). Continuous underway measurements comprised: navigation; currents, using ship-mounted ADCPs (75 and 150 kHz); meteorology; sea surface temperature and salinity; 3.5 kHz sub-bottom sediment profiling; and bathymetry. Three sediment cores were obtained. Six floats / drifters were launched. D298 (CFER-1) is a part of the project “Cape Farewell and Eirik Ridge: Interannual to Millennial Thermohaline Circulation Variability”, funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council as part of its “Rapid Climate Change” Directed Research Programme
Book review: Ocean circulation and climate: modelling and observing the global ocean. (ed. G.Siedler, J.Church and J.Gould, Academic Press, 2001, 715pp.)
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