720 research outputs found
Ajattelun aloittelija : Juha Himangan 50-vuotisjuhlakokoelma 19.2.2017
No full text”Jussin pyrkimys opettaa ajattelun ankaruutta epäonnistumiselle
alttiin aloittelijan roolissa kertoo omalla tavallaan
filosofian opettamisen paradoksista. Miten opettaa jotain,
jota ei voi opettaa? Tämä julkaisu kokoaa yhteen muutamia
Jussin ystävien ja oppilaiden kirjoituksia. Teksteistä löytää
monia eläviä jälkiä Jussin työstä, mahdottoman opettamisesta,
ja myös tämän alati aloittelevan opetuksen alullepanemista
erilaisista oppimisen prosesseista.”unknown accessibilityei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Navigointijärjestelmä modulaarisille maataloustyökoneille käyttäen optimisäädön menetelmiä ja teollisuuden standardiväyliä
No full textIn agriculture, there is a growing demand to increase the efficiency of machinery. This has led to increasingly larger machines and an increasing usage of automation. The challenge is that there are numerous different combinations of tractors and implements and they all have to work together. The ISO 11783 standard is a widely accepted standard for realising an information exchange between the tractors and implements.
The motivation for this thesis was to reduce the workload of the driver and also to improve the efficiency and accuracy of field work. This was achieved by removing the human being from behind steering wheel and letting the navigation system do the driving. Because of their size, implements are more commonly towed these days. The navigation system should also take into account the towed implement. In most commercial products, only the tractor is considered.
Two specific goals were set: 1) to study a combined navigation system that is able to drive at a speed of at least 12 km/h with less than 10 cm lateral error under real field conditions; 2) to discuss and present the ways in which a decentralised and generic combined navigation system can be realised using the ISO 11783 network.
The solution was to use Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) in path tracking. With NMPC, a controller can be realised that controls the motion of both the tractor and the trailer in an optimal manner. In NMPC, the reference trajectory is usually coupled with time. However, in path tracking for agricultural navigation, it is more suitable not to couple the positions of the tractor and the implement with time. Hence, the NMPC had to be modified. Also, other difficulties that arise from the usage of NMPC had to be overcome: the NMPC needs an accurate estimate of the state, so an optimal state estimator that merges the local and global position measurement was developed. Semi-automatic tuning methods were developed for tuning and configuring the numerous parameters needed for combined navigation. The reference path should be feasible, so a feasible path planning algorithm was developed. Additionally, a collision avoidance method was developed and incorporated within the NMPC.
The results of the field tests show that the goals were met. The accuracy of the navigation system is within the given limits. The system is also able to complete the field work without human intervention, including making headland turnings and avoiding electricity poles. The required information on combined navigation has been illustrated based on the case studies. It is possible to build system based on the ISO 11783 standard and distribute sensors and actuators.Maataloudessa on edelleen kasvava tarve tehostaa työkoneiden käyttöä. Kehitys on johtanut yhä suurempiin työkoneisiin ja enenevässä määrin automaation käyttöön. Haasteena on, että sekä traktorien että työkoneiden valmistajia on suuri määrä. Koneiden yhteensopivuutta ratkaisemaan on kehitetty ja yleisesti hyväksytty ISO 11783 standardi, joka määrittelee tiedonsiirron traktorin ja työkoneen välillä.
Työn motivaationa oli vähentää kuljettajan työmäärää sekä tehostaa ja tarkentaa peltotyötä. Tämä saavutettiin korvaamalla ihmisen ohjaus automaattisella navigointijärjestelmällä. Koska työkoneiden koko kasvaa, ne ovat yhä useammin hinattavia. Nykyiset kaupalliset navigointijärjestelmät eivät ota hinattavia työkoneita huomioon.
Vaatimusten saavuttamiseksi asetettiin kaksi tavoitetta: 1) tutkia ja kehittää navigointijärjestelmää, joka kykenee alle 10 cm työkoneen sivuttaisvirheeseen vähintään 12 km/h työnopeudella todellisissa pelto-olosuhteissa. 2) Pohtia ja esittää menetelmiä, joilla hajautettu ja yleinen yhdistetty navigointijärjestelmä voidaan toteuttaa käyttäen standardin ISO 11783 määrittelemää tiedonsiirtoa.
Ratkaisu oli käyttää epälineaarista malliprediktiivistä säädintä (NMPC) polun seurantaan. NMPC:tä käyttäen on mahdollista tehdä säädin, joka ohjaa sekä traktoria että työkonetta optimaalisella tavalla. NMPC:ssä referenssi on kuitenkin aikaperusteinen trajektori ja polunseurannassa referenssi ei ole sidottu aikaan. Muutoksia säätimeen oli tehtävä. Myös muita ongelmia, jotka aiheutuivat NMPC:n käytöstä, ratkaistiin: NMPC tarvitsee systeemistä tarkan tilaestimaatin, joten luotiin optimitilaestimaattori yhdistämään paikalliset ja globaalit paikanmittaukset. Järjestelmässä on suuri määrä asetettavia parametreja, joten puoliautomaattinen viritysjärjestelmä kehitettiin. Referenssipolun tulisi olla toteutettavissa oleva, joten rajoitukset huomioiva polunsuunnittelualgoritmi kehitettiin. Myös NMPC:hen yhdistetty esteiden väistö kehitettiin.
Peltotestit osoittivat että kaikki tavoitteet saavutettiin. Navigointijärjestelmän tarkkuus oli sallituissa rajoissa ja järjestelmä kykeni toteuttamaan kokonaisen peltotyön ilman ihmisen puuttumista ohjaukseen, mukaan lukien sähkötolppien väistön. Esimerkkitapauksiin perustuen tarvittavan siirrettävän informaation määrä yhdistetyssä navigoinnissa havainnollistettiin. Johtopäätöksenä voidaan todeta, että on mahdollista toteuttaa yhdistetty navigointijärjestelmä perustuen ISO 11783 standardiin ja hajauttaa mittaukset ja toimilaitteet väylälle
Mflme Juha
No full textThis collaborative project began when the Ford Foundation approached Gerry Mulgrew (director of Communicado Co. theatre group), in search of experienced arts practitioners to form links and opportunities with the Tanzanian theatre group, Parapanda Arts Lab. Mulgrew chose McIntyre to help him develop workshop techniques that involved ‘performed’ drawing and storytelling. The aim was to use these techniques to enable creative conversations between actors, that cut across cultural and linguistic boundaries. McIntyre was invited to undertake a residency with Communicado Co. in order to explore both conventional theatrical approaches to improvisatory workshop and those related to the placement and community-based activities he organises for fine art undergraduates at Northumbria. The residency generated the workshop process that equipped McIntyre to be Visual Art Director of the multi-media performance Mflme Juha. McIntyre also used the drawing practices on which the workshop technique was constructed to explore the visualisation of short stories for children. Seven Stories (the National Centre for Children’s Books) commissioned McIntyre to contribute to a documentary TV programme (McIntyre worked with author David Almond [winner of the Whitbread award], actor Kevin Wheatley [Inspector Morse and Auf Weidesein Pet] and the director/producer Lesley Duncanson), to help describe the development of a narrative idea through the contrasting acts of writing, drawing and reading. The result was ‘The Savage’ (screened on ITV, 3rd September 2006). As a follow-up, McIntyre was invited to be artist-in-residence for ‘the Big Draw’, a weekend event in which visual narratives were developed in partnership with writers and actors
Endpoint Sobolev bounds for fractional Hardy–Littlewood maximal operators
No full textFunding Information: I would like to thank my supervisor, Juha Kinnunen, for all of his support. I would like to thank Olli Saari for introducing me to this problem. I am also thankful for the discussions with Juha Kinnunen, Panu Lahti and Olli Saari who made me aware of a version of the coarea formula [, Theorem 3.11], which was used in the first draft of the proof, and for discussions with David Beltran, Cristian González-Riquelme and Jose Madrid, in particular about the centered fractional maximal operator. The author has been supported by the Vilho, Yrjö and Kalle Väisälä Foundation of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Let 0 0 the fractional maximal function does not use certain small balls. For α= 0 the proof collapses.Peer reviewe
Median-Type John–Nirenberg Space in Metric Measure Spaces
No full textFunding Information: The author would like to thank Juha Kinnunen and Riikka Korte for valuable discussions. The author would also like to thank the anonymous referee for carefully reading the paper and for constructive comments. The research was supported by the Academy of Finland. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).We study the so-called John–Nirenberg space that is a generalization of functions of bounded mean oscillation in the setting of metric measure spaces with a doubling measure. Our main results are local and global John–Nirenberg inequalities, which give weak-type estimates for the oscillation of a function. We consider medians instead of integral averages throughout, and thus functions are not a priori assumed to be locally integrable. Our arguments are based on a Calderón–Zygmund decomposition and a good-λ inequality for medians. A John–Nirenberg inequality up to the boundary is proven by using chaining arguments. As a consequence, the integral-type and the median-type John–Nirenberg spaces coincide under a Boman-type chaining assumption.Peer reviewe
The Diary, the Typewriter and Representative Reality in the Genesis of Juha Mannerkorpi's Päivänsinet
No full textTämä artikkeli käsittelee siirtymää päiväkirjan pitämisestä tulevan julkaistavan teoksen kirjoittamiseen tarkastelemalla Juha Mannerkorven Päivänsinet: muuan loppukesän merkintöjä (1979) -teoksen syntyprosessia. Päiväkirjaromaani kertoo vakavasti sairaasta kertojasta, joka tunnollisesti seuraa päivänsinen kasvua laskien, mittaillen ja kirjoituskoneella ylöskirjaten sen päivittäin puhkeavia kukkia. Yhdistämällä geneettistä kritiikkiä Philippe Lejeunen ajatuksiin päiväkirjasta, antifiktiosta ja päiväkirjaefektistä artikkelissa analysoidaan Päivänsinissä toistuvia metapoeettisia huomioita kirjoituskoneen käytöstä ja faktan ja fiktion suhteesta päiväkirjan kirjoitusprosessin ja sen romaaniksi uudelleenkirjoittamisen kontekstissa. Yksityiskohtainen käsikirjoitusten tarkastelu tuo esille, ettei kirjoituskone ole läpinäkyvä väline, jonka avulla heikkonäköinen tekijä saattoi kirjoittaa, vaan että koneella kirjoittaminen fyysisenä toimintana vaikutti Mannerkorven tekstin sisältöön monin tavoin. Sen lisäksi, että artikkeli valottaa Mannerkorven teosten monia kokeellisia puolia Päivänsinien syntyprosessien tarkastelu lisää ymmärrystämme kirjoitusvälineiden vaikutuksesta päiväkirjan pitämiseen ja kirjalliseen työskentelyyn.This article investigates the transition from keeping a diary to writing a future published work with reference to the genetic process of Päivänsinet: muuan loppukesän merkintöjä (1979) by Finnish author and translator Juha Mannerkorpi. The diary novel is about a seriously ill narrator who watches the growth of a morning glory, meticulously counting, measuring and registering the daily unravelling flowers with the help of a typewriter. In combining genetic criticism with Philippe Lejeune’s ideas on the diary, antifiction and the diary effect, the article analyses the frequent metapoetic remarks upon the use of the typewriter and the relationship between fact and fiction in the context of the diary-writing process and its subsequent rewriting as a novel. Upon close inspection of the manuscripts it becomes clear that the typewriter was not a transparent medium that helped the weak-sighted author to write, but that the physical act of typing influenced the content of Mannerkorpi’s text in many respects. In addition to shedding light on many experimental features of Mannerkorpi’s works, this study on the genesis of Päivänsinet widens current understanding concerning the impact of writing tools on diary-keeping and literary writing.Peer reviewe
Edge-Promoting Adaptive Bayesian Experimental Design for X-ray Imaging
No full textFunding Information: The work of the first author was supported by the the Academy of Finland through grants 320082 and 326961. The work of the second and third authors was supported by the Academy of Finland through grant 312124. School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Lappeenranta, 53851 Finland (Tapio.Helin@ lut.fi). Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland ([email protected], [email protected]). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.This work considers sequential edge-promoting Bayesian experimental design for (discretized) linear inverse problems, exemplified by X-ray tomography. The process of computing a total variation-type reconstruction of the absorption inside the imaged body via lagged diffusivity iteration is interpreted in the Bayesian framework. Assuming a Gaussian additive noise model, this leads to an approximate Gaussian posterior with a covariance structure that contains information on the location of edges in the posterior mean. The next projection geometry is then chosen through A- or D-optimal Bayesian design, which corresponds to minimizing the trace or the determinant of the updated posterior covariance matrix that accounts for the new projection. Two- and three-dimensional numerical examples based on simulated data demonstrate the functionality of the introduced approach.Peer reviewe
Complicated Presence : The Unity of Being in Parmenides and Heidegger
No full textThe attempt to refer meaningful reality as a whole back to a unifying ultimate principle—the quest for the unity of Being—was one of the basic tendencies of Western philosophy from its beginnings in ancient Greece up to Hegel’s absolute idealism. However, the different trends of contemporary philosophy tend to regard such a speculative metaphysical quest for unity as obsolete. This study addresses this contemporary situation on the basis of the work of Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). Its methodological framework is Heidegger’s phenomenological and hermeneutical approach to the history of philosophy. It seeks to understand, in terms of the metaphysical quest for unity, Heidegger’s contrast between the first (Greek) beginning or “onset” (Anfang) of philosophy and another onset of thinking. This other onset is a possibility inherent in the contemporary situation in which, according to Heidegger, the metaphysical tradition has developed to its utmost limits and thereby come to an end. Part I is a detailed interpretation of the surviving fragments of the Poem of Parmenides of Elea (fl. c. 500 BC), an outstanding representative of the first philosophical beginning in Heidegger’s sense. It is argued that the Poem is not a simple denial of apparent plurality and difference (the “mortal acceptances,” doxai) in favor of an extreme monism. Parmenides’ point is rather to show in what sense the different instances of Being can be reduced to an absolute level of truth or evidence (aletheia), which is the unity of Being as such (to eon). What in prephilosophical human experience is accepted as being is referred to the source of its acceptability: intelligibility as such, the simple and undifferentiated presence to thinking that ultimately excludes unpresence and otherness. Part II interprets selected key texts from different stages in Heidegger’s thinking in terms of the unity of Being. It argues that one aspect of Heidegger’s sustained and gradually deepening philosophical quest was to think the unity of Being as singularity, as the instantaneous, context-specific, and differential unity of a temporally meaningful situation. In Being and Time (1927) Heidegger articulates the temporal situatedness of the human awareness of meaningful presence. His later work moves on to study the situational correlation between presence and the human awareness as such. Heidegger’s “postmetaphysical” articulation seeks to show how presence becomes meaningful precisely as situated, in an event of differentiation from a multidimensional context of unpresence. In resigning itself to this irreducibly complicated and singular character of meaningful presence, philosophy also faces its own historically situated finitude. This resignation is an essential feature of Heidegger’s “other onset” of thinking
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