40 research outputs found
Karl August Hermanni hiina-soome-eesti keelevõrdlus ning kehtivad ja kehtetud etümoloogiad parandustega
No full textSelles töös on üle vaadatud Karl August Hermanni 1895. aastal ilmunud artikkel, milles ta võrdles mandariinihiina keelt uurali keeltega, eriti eesti ja soome keelega, ning järeldas, et need keeled on omavahel suguluses. Hermanni toodud tõendid fonoloogia, morfoloogia ja süntaksi alal on mitmesugused. Hermanni leitud mõistete sarnasused on originaalsed. Selle töö autori hinnangul on Hermanni töös välja toodud kaheksast etümoloogilisest võrdlusest viis kehtivad, üks kahtlane, kaks kehtetud. Autor on täiendanud kehtivaid võrdlusi ja parandanud kehtetuid võrdlusi. Nende etümoloogiliste võrdluste tõestamiseks on välja toonud veel 12 etümoloogilist võrdlust, mille loovad kas sõnaalguline või riimivastavus. Tulemusena on esitatud kokku 19 hiinauurali etümoloogiat.
Abstract. Jingyi Gao: Karl August Hermann’s Chinese-Finnish-Estonian language comparison, valid and invalid etymologies with corrections. The present study inspects Karl August Hermann’s article published in 1895, in which he compared Mandarin Chinese to Uralic languages, especially to Finnish and Estonian, and concluded that these languages are related. His proofs of phonology, morphology, and syntax domains are various. His findings of conception similarities are original. The present author estimates that of Hermann’s eight etymological comparisons, five are valid, one is doubtful, two are invalid. The author has amended the valid comparisons and corrected invalid comparisons. In order to verify these comparisons, further 12 etymological comparisons are given, which form onset or rhyme correspondences. As a result, a total of 19 Sino-Uralic etymologies are given
Klaus Bosselmann: The Principle of Sustainability: Transforming Law and Governance (Ashgate 2008)
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Intergovernmental Marine Spatial Planning: Baltic Sea and HELCOM
No full textNo abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The HELCOM Ministerial Meeting in May 2010 (Moscow) established a new intergovernmental Baltic Sea Marine/Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) working group. This group joins two strands of previous regional MSP activities – those carried out under HELCOM and those under VASAB
The HELCOM Ecosystem Approach : time for quantification, integration and measures
No full textThis thesis studies the ecosystem approach (EA) which is a concept used in environmental science, policy, and law. It is widely referred to in protection of the world’s seas and oceans, including regional cooperation such as the work of The Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (HELCOM). In general, the ecosystem approach reflects the idea that management should be more integrated across different human activities but also that it should be based on, usually scientific, knowledge of ecosystems. More specifically, however, its substance remains a subject of debate.
This thesis aims at contributing to the understanding of the ecosystem approach by studying and outlining a HELCOM interpretation as emerging from the implementation process 2003-2018. The thesis is based on the findings of five articles, four of which provide case studies on different aspects of EA implementation at HELCOM based on meeting records, literature research and first-hand knowledge. The fifth article is a study of HELCOM work 2003-2018 based on attendance and topics of 724 international meetings organised during the implementation period, types of organizational output and the outcomes of Ministerial Meetings.
The summary derives a conceptual framework for EA with three elements, to report and discuss the findings of the five Articles. The thesis concludes that, as implemented within HELCOM, EA can be characterised by an element of quantification consisting of definitions and regulatory use of scientific targets of ecosystem quality, with roots in EU regulatory approaches and a different focus compared to the EA as defined within the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). A second element of integration is manifested in a significant expansion of new HELCOM activities in the fields of MSP, Fisheries, Agriculture and regional linkages to EU and global policies. However, regarding the third element, EA resulting in concrete management measures, has been a central component of implementation activities, but the main result seems to be in providing a more elaborate ways for proposing, justifying, specifying, and reporting the achievement of management action decided in other processes than HELCOM.
The results of the fifth article indicate that the annual HELCOM work has doubled in volume during 2003-2018, measured as hours spent in meetings. This increase can be attributed to a general dilation, across all activities, as well as the new fields of work. Comparing the types of documents adopted by HELCOM in the beginning and end of the period 2003-2018 there is some evidence that a shift has taken place from technical specifications and concrete emission standards to more assessment products & indicators. Based on the data collected it is not possible to conclude whether these developments are a result of EA implementation as such, or primarily due to other factors such as the parallel, and closely intertwined, implementation of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD).
Due to its scientific nature the EA element of quantification is more an evolution of the traditional HELCOM monitoring and assessment work, however the integration element involves expansion of cooperation to new substance areas, professional groups, and worldviews. This work requires diplomatic effort and innovation for joint solutions to the environmental problems of the Baltic Sea. More focus on relevant human activities, drivers of change and monitoring progress in the implementation on key management measures affecting the state of the marine environment, but also scenarios and foresight could provide new avenues for the protection of the Baltic Sea.
Keywords: sea, marine, ecosystem management, regional seas cooperation, Helsinki Convention, Baltic Sea, EU, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, marine spatial planning, MSP, international organization, meetingei saavutettav
Graphical abstract? -Reflections on visual summaries of scientific research
No full textThis research-based thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of, and related reflection around future directions for, graphical abstracts, an emerging genre and an ongoing experiment around visual summaries of research.
A general typology of graphical abstracts consisting of the categories Process & Time, Compare & Contrast, Form & Structure and Promotion, as well as hybrid types, was derived following a literature review of the phenomenon and its context.
An empirical pilot study was carried out test the derived set of main graphical abstract types derived from literature, and to explore the types of graphical abstract published by Aalto University researchers. In this empirical part, a dataset of 506 graphical abstracts published by Aalto University researchers during 2013-2018 in journals published by Elsevier was classified to the categories of Process & Time, Compare & Contrast and Form & Structure (Frankel and DePace 2012). The results show that 207, or 41% of the 506 graphical abstracts were classified with confidence as belonging to only one of the three categories. Of these 207 clear cases, 49 (23,7%) were classified to the class Form & Structure, 84 (40,6%) were classified as Process & Time and 74 (35,7%) were classified as Compare & Contrast. 143 (28%) of the graphical abstracts were designated to only one of these three categories but with less confidence. The remaining 156 (31%) were designated to two or three categories at the same time. While the categories Process & Time, Compare & Contrast, Form & Structure could thus be used to describe 350 of the images, there were 156 which were either hybrid forms, too complex to fit in the used categories, unclear or simply made for an expert audience. A part of the unclarity in the classification process is likely a reflection of unclear messages of the graphical abstracts themselves. Based on the results, the derived general typology could be extended with an additional category on depictions of conceptual models.
Based on the results of the research and experiences in writing and making a prototype guide booklet (Attachment 1), this thesis proposes also some points on how to select what to depict in a graphical abstract.Tämä lopputyö tutkii tieteellisissä vertaisarvioiduissa julkaisuissa yleistynyttä kuvatiivistelmän (eng. graphical abstract) ilmiötä. Työ pyrkii selvittämään näiden kuvamuodossa olevien tutkimusjulkaisujen tiivistelmien taustaa, ominaispiirteitä ja kehitysmahdollisuuksia.
Työssä johdettiin kirjallisuuden pohjalta ehdotus kuvatiivistelmien sisällön luokitteluehdotus, joka koostuu neljästä pääluokasta (Process & Time/prosessi ja aika, Compare & Contrast/vertaa ja asettele vastakkain, Form & Structure/muoto ja rakenne sekä Promotion/mainos) sekä näiden luokkien yhdistelmistä.
Empiirisessä pilottitutkimuksessa kolmea tämän luokitteluehdotuksen luokkaa (Process & Ti-me/prosessi ja aika, Compare & Contrast/vertaa ja asettele vastakkain sekä Form & Structure/muoto ja rakenne) (Frankel and DePace 2012) kokeiltiin luokittelemalla sen avulla 506 kuvatiivistelmän aineisto, joka koostui niistä kuvatiivistelmistä jotka Aalto-yliopiston tutkijat ovat julkaisseet 2013-2018 Elsevier kustantamoon kuuluvissa tieteellisissä julkaisuissa.
Tulosten mukaan 207, tai 41%, näistä 506 kuvatiivistelmästä luokiteltiin helposti yhteen kolmesta käytetystä luokasta. Näistä 207 tapauksesta, 49 (23,7%) luokiteltiin luokkaan Form & Structure/muoto ja rakenne, 84 (40,6%) luokiteltiin luokkaan Process & Time/prosessi ja aika sekä 74 (35,7%) luokkaan Compare & Contrast/vertaa ja asettele vastakkain. 143 (28%) kuvatiivistelmää luokiteltiin nähin kolmeen luokkaan mutta vähemmän helposti/epävarmemmin. Loput 156 31%) olivat monitulkintaisempia ja luokiteltiin kahteen tai kaikkiin kolmeen luokkaan samanaikaisesti. Eli vaikka 305 kuvatiivistelmää oli tulkittavissa kuuluvaksi johonkin käytetystä kolmesta kategoriasta, 156 tiedostoa olivat sisällöltään monimutkaisempia luokkien yhdistelmiä, epäselviä tai mahdollisesti kapean aihealueen asiantuntijoille suunnattuja. Osa luokittelun epävarmuudesta johtunee kuvatiivistelmän viestin epäselvyydestä. Pilotoinnin perusteella johdettuun luokitteluun voitaisiin lisätä käsite- tai muiden mallien kuvauksia käsittelevä uusi luokka.
Kirjallisuuskatsauksen, pilottitutkimuksen ja kuvatiivistelmien tekemistä koskevan opaskirjasen (lopputyön liitteenä) tekemisen perusteella työssä esitetään muutamia ehdotuksia siihen kuinka tutkimustekstistä valitaan kuvatiivistelmässä kuvattava asia
The Helsinki Convention: 35 Years and Three Eras in Bridging Boundaries to Restore the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea
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Dallo Zibaldone al lessico andata e ritorno: l’Heid. Pal. gr. 129 di Niceforo Gregora e il cosiddetto Lexicon Hermanni
No full textThe so called Lexicon Hermanni is a Palaeologan compilation of uncertain author: the
work is transmitted as anonymous in most of the manuscripts, whereas a few witnesses
ascribe it to Nicephorus Gregoras. This article aims at pointing out new textual evidence
for the attribution of the lexicon to Gregoras. As will be shown, some of the quotations
of classical authors employed as exempla in the glosses show the same textual variants of
some excerpts in Gregoras’ famous notebook, Heid. Pal. gr. 129, suggesting that the latter
could have been used as a source to compile the lexicon. Furthermore, the comparison
between the lexicon and Gregoras’ notebook provides an insight on the composition
of the lexicon itself
Nomothesia Anthon-Gunteriana Glossata sive Iuris Provincialis Rustringiae Trans-Iadanae (Vulgo Stadt- und Butjadingerlandt) Disquisitio Iuridica
No full textQuam Sub ... Praesidio ... Dn. Hermanni Schönen ... Publicae Eruditorum censurae offert Henricus Hoddersen Trans-Iadan-Fris: Author. Ad diem XXII. April in Auditorio Iuridic
