28 research outputs found
Effect of Perceived Social Support on Neonatal Birth weight Among Mothers Who Delivered In Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.
No full textBackground: Perceived social support provides a broad range of Emotional, Informational,
Instrumental, and companionship support. Some evidences showed perceived social support
curtails to enhance good perinatal outcome. However, its effect on birth weight has not been
studied in study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of perceived social support
on neonatal birthweight among postnatal mothers in Jimma Medical Center.
Objective: To assess the effect of perceived social support on neonatal birthweight among
mothers who delivered in Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, southwest Ethiopia, 2024.
Methods and materials: A facility-based retrospective cohort design was employed in the
maternity ward of Jimma Medical Center, from March 10 to May 02, 2024. A total of 403 mothers
were selected by using systematic sampling technique. The data were collected face to face by
using semi-structured questionnaire. Then entered into epi info version 7.2 and exported to SPSS
version 26 for data analysis was used to compare perceived social support and birth weight.
Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between variables and at a P
value of 0.05 along 95% CI was declared statistically significant.
Results: The study revealed higher mean birth weights among infants of mothers with greater
social support (3120g high vs 2710g for low support, p<0.001). Each unit increase in
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support score was associated with 67.3g increase in
birth weight (β=67.3, 95% CI: 37.5-116.7). Additionally, positive predictors like being married
(β=23.2 ,95% CI :13.3-45.7), college or above education (β=14.8, 95%CI: 6.7-432.3), higher
monthly income (β=31.3 ,95% CI: 10.6-73.5), planned pregnancy (β=45.2 ,95% CI: 24.7-81.6),
and negative predictors drug usage during pregnancy (β=-23.9 ,95% CI: -39.4,-13.5), and
primiparity (β=-4.2 ,95% CI: -8.2,-2.9) were identified.
Conclusion: This study provides that maternal social support significantly influences birth weight
outcomes in Ethiopia. The findings highlight that enhancing social support systems could help
reduce the high prevalence of low-birth-weight infants in this population which requires focus of
health workers and institution. Therefore, healthcare systems should integrate social support
assessments into routine antenatal care and develop targeted interventions to strengthen support
network for pregnant women
Downstream consequences of Ribb River damming, Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia
No full textThis study assessed the downstream river system adaptation in response to upstream damming on the Ribb River, Ethiopia, to irrigate 15,000 ha. It combined primary and secondary data, and the application of remotesensing and mathematical modeling. The predam morphodynamic trends of the Ribb River were analyzed for 59 years based on aerial photographs, satellite images, and newly collected field data. Three dam operation scenarios were developed to analyze the long-term hydro-morphological effects of thedam on the downstream river reaches. It also assessed the applicability of physics-based analytical equations (Equilibrium Theory) compared to a 1D numerical model (SOBEKRE) to determine the least-morphologically impactful dam operation scenario on the river reaches downstream of the dam. Moreover,a HEC-RAS 2D hydrodynamic model was developed to assess the effect of the dam on the flooding extent of the Fogera Plain. This was used to study the potential implications of hydrological alteration on the ecology of the floodplain wetlands, as they are the habitats of important fish and bird species. The results contribute to knowledge on the hydro-morphological and environmental impacts of dams on downstream river systems. The developed methodologies and findings may be used to study future hydro-morphological and ecological changes that may arise due to other dam operations or climate change.Water Resource
Analysis of Ribb River channel migration: Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia
No full textThe Ribb River is one of the components of the Blue Nile River system located in the North Western part of Ethiopia. It drains to Lake Tana, the source of the Blue Nile River. The Ribb has a length of 130 km, with a catchment area of 1,812 km2. The average yearly rainfall of the catchment is 1300 mm, with 80 % occurring between the months of June and September. The average and daily maximum discharge of the river are 15 m3/s and 220 m3/s, respectively. A large dam and a diversion weir 30 km downstream of the dam are under construction to irrigate 15,000 ha of Fogera flood plain (WWDSE and TAHAL, 2007). Downstream of the dam location, the Ribb is a meandering river with slope ranging from 0.18% to 0.03%. The river bed material is dominated by sand with a gravel component in its upper reaches. Intensive agriculture without any natural resources conservation, deforestation, dike construction, pump irrigation and sand mining are the most impactful activities in the Ribb watershed (Tarekegn et al., 2010; Garede and Minale, 2014). The Lake Tana level is regulated since 1995 for hydropower production, which enhances flooding along the lower river reach. During the 2006 event, 45 people died, 30,000 persons were displaced and 5371 ha of agricultural land were inundated (ENTRO, 2010). To prevent flooding, dikes have been constructed in the lower reach of the river. This study aims to describe current river morphodynamic trends, including planimetric changes for the definition of the pre-dam conditions of the river. The first part of the work is presented here with some preliminary results, focusing on the river planimetric changes. This paper describes the initial state of the study. </p
Alteration of the Fogera Plain flood regime due to Ribb Dam construction, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia
No full textThe Fogera Plain, Ethiopia, is affected by recurrent flooding of the Ribb and Gumara Rivers. A large dam on the Ribb River is under construction for irrigation, but also to reduce flooding. We investigated the effects of the dam on the flood regime of the floodplain wetlands using a combination of hydrodynamic and a rainfall-runoff models. The model was calibrated based on inundation maps retrieved from Landsat images. Pre- and post-dam model comparison for 10 years shows that the dam will reduce the flooding extent by 11%, as it only regulates 23.8% of the upstream watershed. The flood extent and duration necessary to maintain ecologically significant water depths (≥ 0.5 m) show no notable changes. The developed hydrologic and hydrodynamic models can be used to analyze other dam operation and climate change scenarios even though there are uncertainties related to terrain resolution and analysis of hydrological data.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water ResourcesEnvironmental Fluid Mechanic
What explains the location of industry in Britain, 1871-1931?
No full textWhere transport costs were falling, were the new economic geography forces for industry agglomeration and dispersion at work in the location of industry in pre-1931 Britain? This paper examines the issue empirically using a general model that nests the Heckscher-Ohlin factor endowment with new economic geography models. The evidence suggests that while the location of pre-1931 British industry was mainly driven by the former, the scale economies aspect of the latter also played a role. © The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Review of Poor States, Power and the Politics of IMF Reform
No full textThe book examines the major cases and policy initiatives of International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Low-Income Developing Countries (LIDCs) in the post-Washington consensus. The IMF policy reform invites scholarly debate, different theoretical explanation and practically problem oriented in addressing the LIDCs needs and powerful states interests. Hibben analyses the driving factors of IMF LIDCs reforms and stakeholder interests and policy tools to achieve the objectives in place. In doing so, even though author presents the book through lenses of various IPE theories, mainly he posits the IMF policy reforms through the frameworks of the Principal Agent, Constructivist, and Historical structural theories
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
No full textLong-term effects of dam operations for water supply to irrigation on downstream river reaches. The case of the Ribb River, Ethiopia
No full textThis work investigates the applicability of an analytical method for quick assessments of the long-term morphological effects of different dam operations on downstream river reaches with the idea to apply the method in feasibility studies to identify the least morphologic-impacting operation scenario. The Ribb River (Ethiopia) is used as a study case. The analytical method estimates the idealized, new equilibrium of the river bed profile without considering the duration of the morphological evolution. We apply the analytical method distinguishing sand-bed from gravel-bed reaches. The outcome of the analytical method is compared to that of a calibrated one-dimensional river morphology computer model. The analytical method overestimated the morphological changes compared to the one-dimensional model. By establishing the upper limits of the impact, the analytical method identifies a theoretical maximum river bed degradation near the base of the dam. If all sediment is trapped in the reservoir, the method allows distinguishing the effects of different dam operation scenarios, but only for gravel-bed river reaches. However, the method can also be applicable for sand-bed reaches if there is sediment input from the upper reaches. Further research works should be done to validate both methods if they indeed allow to detect the least impacting scenario, considering that data showing the effects of long-term dam operations on the downstream river reaches are lacking.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water ResourcesEnvironmental Fluid Mechanic
Environmental regulation and industry location in Europe
No full textThis paper estimates the effect of environmental regulation on industry location and compares it with other determinants of location such as agricultural, education and R&D country characteristics. The analysis is based on a general empirical trade model that captures the interaction between country and industry characteristics in determining industry location. The Johnson-Neyman technique is used to fully explicate the nature of the conditional interactions. The model is applied to data on 16 manufacturing industries from 13 European countries. The empirical results indicate that the pollution haven effect is present and that the relative strength of such an effect is of about the same magnitude as other determinants of industry location. A significant negative effect on industry location is observed only at relatively high levels of industry pollution intensity. © The Author(s) 2009
