377 research outputs found
Darius I and the Daric
No full textThe author describes the place of the daric in the development of the coinage of Sardes, and links its weight with that of the Babylonian shekel of Darius I. He explores the question of exchange between the earlier electrum and the gold and silver issues struck at Sardes under the Persians, suggesting that there was a significant fall in the value of silver over the second half of the 6th. Century BC.L'auteur étudie la place du darique dans le développement du monnayage à Sardes, et lie son poids avec celui du shekel babylonien de Darius Ier. Il examine le problème de l'échange entre les monnaies en électrum de la période précédente et l'argent monnayé à Sardes à l'époque perse. Il suggère une baisse significative de la valeur de l'argent dans la deuxième moitié du VIe siècle av. J.-C.Price Martin J. Darius I and the Daric. In: Revue des Études Anciennes. Tome 91, 1989, n°1-2. L'or perse et l'histoire grecque, sous la direction de Raymond Descat. pp. 9-13
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
Causes of recurrence in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (vol 22, pg 975, 2018)
No full textIn the original publication, affiliation 3 was incorrectly published for the author 'Darius Ashrafi'. The correct affiliation should read as 'Department of Surgery, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
Creating and developing innovation at companies.
No full textSantrauka užsienio kalba (Summary) Author of paper: Dainius Berčiūnas Full title of the paper: Creating and developing innovation at companies Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė The author aims to deepen the knowledge and understanding of innovation concept as well as development stages by analyzing existing academic literature in the first part of this project work. The second part of work includes the investigation and analysis done by the author in order to investigate author’s new innovation idea – company’s brand promotion using personal cars driven by students. It was important to find out willingness of the companies and students to implement the idea of promoting brand of a company on the cars of students. Another focus of analysis is to indicate the demand in the local market of the idea itself. In order to achieve the goal of this project work it was divided into few smaller sections. First of all, it is focused to revise and explain the concept, main existing theories and the importance of innovation. Secondly, by analyzing academic literature it is being introduced the creation process and the development stages of innovation. Furthermore, after performing academic literature review, it was significant to continue with actual investigation of the new innovation idea possible implementation demand. Finally, the last part of this paper consists of the analysis description as well as emphasis of main conclusion and recommendation. To briefly summarize this paper, it can be mentioned that it is important to analyze existing practices and theory on innovation in order to implement and develop them inside the companies. If talking about the success of main author’s idea, after performed analysis can be stated that this new innovation idea is worth to be implemented in the companies, which aim to increase their brand awareness with spending relatively low part of income for advertising
Innovation implementation in the sport organization.
No full textAuthor of paper: Kristina Zujūtė Full title of the paper: Innovation implementation in the sport organization. Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė Number of pages: 42 Number of tables: 7 The aim of this work is to conduct an empirical research on the implementation of innovations in a sports organization while using scientific literature. Research methods: secondary data analysis (already existing scientific papers), analysis of primary research findings (responses from interviews with the organization employees) and a summary of the findings from both secondary and primary research. Secondary data findings show that there are articles discussing the specifics of implementing innovations in organizations. However, there were no articles found about the implementation of innovations in the sports organization. The application and implementation of innovations and the connection between innovation and the organization’s strategy were analysed during the sports organization analysis. There was a focus on the influence of innovations on the organization’s results. Employees’ suggestions on how to adopt new innovations are listed as well. Findings suggest that innovations are current and are being adopted rapidly. Most recent innovations are these: courses for coaches, a variety of information processing systems, new uniforms for sports people, collaboration with a firm which supplies supplements and the creation of a documentary movie. According to the respondents, everything starts from the problem, as soon as the problem appears, the solutions are found to that problem. During the innovations strategy and connection analysis it was noticed that innovations are the essential part of the organization’s strategy. Obviously, not everything always happens in a way that the employees of the organization want and expect. After analysing the influence of innovations on the organization’s results, it was suggested that innovations motivate to do well and lead to better results. According to few respondents, the organization focuses on the most important work but pays less attention to the creation of new innovations
Mokslas ir mes, lietuviai
No full textStraipsnyje aptariamos su Jūratės Statkutės de Rosales parašyta knyga „Europos šaknys ir mes, lietuviai“ susijusios aplinkybės. Straipsnio autorius Darius Barionas stebisi šiai knygai suteiktu „moksliniu“ universalios dešimtainės klasifikacijos (UDK) indeksu, dideliu susidomėjimu knyga Lietuvos akademiniuose sluoksniuose bei platesnėje visuomenėje ir teigiamai apie knygą atsiliepusių mokslininkų iš užsienio nekompetencija. Straipsnyje tvirtinama, kad nemaža šiuolaikinės Lietuvos visuomenės dalis nebesuvokia, koks yra skirtumas tarp istorijos mokslo ir istorinio romano, nebejaučia ribos, skiriančios istorinės tiesos paieškas nuo istorinių pramanų gaminimo industrijos. Knygos autorė apibūdinama kaip savamokslė, kuri kultivuoja savo hobį – senąją baltų istoriją. Nors gilinimasis ir savišvieta duoda vaisių – lietuviškai pasirodė jau keturios jos knygos, tačiau jų negalima laikyti moksliniais straipsniais. Straipsnyje vertinamas knygos kaip mokslinio veikalo solidumas. Diskutuojama su J. Statkutės de Rosales teiginiu, kad Jordano „Getikoje“ minima Skandzos sala yra ne Skandinavija, bet aiški nuoroda į salą, esančią prie pat Vyslos upės žiočių. D. Baronas pateikia argumentų komentuodamas „Getikos“ atsiradimo kontekstą ir patį teksto pobūdį. Knygos faktologinius netikslumus, diskutuotinas interpretacijas ir išvadas straipsnio autorius aiškina ne tik J. Statkutės de Rosales profesinio pasirengimo stoka, bet ir sąmoninga, o dar dažniau nesąmoninga istorijos falsifikacija. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Gotai; Jūratė Statkutė de Rosales; Lietuva, mokslas istorija, Istoriniai įvykiai; Lietuvos istorija; Recepcija; „Europos šaknys ir mes, lietuviai“; Historical events; Jūratė Statkutė de Rosales; Lithuania; Lithuanian History; Reception; Science; The Goths; „Europos šaknys ir mes, lietuviai“The article deals with circumstances related to the book “Europos šaknys ir mes, lietuviai“ [The Roots of Europe and We, the Lithuanians] by Jūratė Statkutė de Rosales. The author of the article Darius Barionas is surprised that this book was given “scientific” index of Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), how Lithuanian academic circles and general public showed high interest in this book and how incompetent are the foreign scientists, who left positive feedback about it. The article claims that a big part of contemporary Lithuanian society does not perceive what the difference between the historical science and historical novel is; they no longer feel the boundary, which distinguishes the quest for historical truth from historical fiction production industry. The author of the book is described as a self-educated individual, who cultivates her hobby – the ancient history of the Balts. Although self-education and going into the heart of the subject bears fruit – four of her books already appeared in Lithuania, but they can not be considered scientific articles. This article evaluates the solidity of the book as a scientific work. The author debates with J. Statkutė de Rosales regarding her statement that Scanza island, mentioned in Jordanes‘ “Getica”, is not Scandinavia, but a clear reference to the island located near the mouth of the Vistula river. D. Baronas submits arguments commenting upon the emergence of the “Getica” context and the nature of the text itself. The author explains the factual inaccuracies, questionable interpretations and conclusions of the book to be not only the lack of J. Statkutė de Rosales‘ professional preparation, but also conscious, more often unconscious falsification of history
Conflict of interpretations of the letter from skiffs to Darius the first
No full textПредметне послання скіфів перському цареві Дарію І, що складалося з пташки, жабки, мишки й стріл, не містило авторських інтонацій, бо самі скіфи утрималися від роз’яснень його змісту. Чисте артикулювання німе. Тому адресат змушений ставати співавтором скіфського листа й самостійно його інтонувати. Фактично скіфи спровокували Дарія інтонувати, з одного боку, свої владні бажання, а з іншого боку, правдоподібні інтенції скіфів. Це самороздвоєння спричинює внутрішній конфлікт і заганяє Дарія в глухий кут. Його жадання вичитати зі скіфського послання їхнє визнання власної капітуляції дисонувало з їхньою фактичною непокірною поведінкою. І ця пастка спрацьовує так, що Дарій сам схиляється до капітуляції, бо його інтонації діють як детонації – таємна психологічна зброя скіфів у царині символів. Інтерпретатора деморалізує його власне тлумачення. Сама композиція листа відбиває космологічні уявлення скіфів і виявляє їхнє бачення світобудови: небо-земля-вода. Дарій без проблем зчитав чітко артикульований предметами шар повідомлення, фігуральний зміст якого не давався легко, бо через загальнодоступний код транслювалося зашифроване звернення. Тлумачення листа іншими особами відбиває світогляд останніх і виявляє неперекладності й різночитання, обумовлені відмінностями культур. Тільки Дарій мав справу з речами, тоді як решта тлумачів – із словами різних мов, що позначають ті речі. Але за будь-яких умов це повідомлення вимагає живих інтонацій. Змістовно лист дозволяє вичитати з себе і жарт, і капітуляцію, і відверту погрозу тощо. Конфлікт інтерпретацій можуть спричиняти як лінгвістичні чи світоглядні неперекладності різних культур, так і політична заангажованість інтерпретаторів. Тому інтерпретація предметного повідомлення так само, як і вербального, залежить від його інтонаційного наповнення.Sum of the things as a short letter of the Scythians to Persian King Darius the First, which were collection of a
bird, a frog, a mouse and arrows, contains no intonations, because the Scythians themselves refrained to explain its contents. Pure articulation is silent. That’s why the addressee has to become co-author the Scythian message to intonate it in his way. Actually Darius was forced to intone, on the one hand, his imperious desires, and, on the other hand, the plausible Scythians intentions. Such self-split causes internal conflict and pushes Darius to an impasse. His desire to read the Scythian message as their own recognition of their surrender contradicts with their obviously disobedient behavior. It works as a trap. Darius himself inclines to surrender, because his intonations work as detonations - the secret psychological weapon of the Scythians in the field of symbols. That’s the case when the interpretation demoralizes its own interpreter. The composition of the letter reflects the Scythians cosmological representations and reveals their outlook. When Herodotus, Clement d'Alexandrie, J.-J.Rousseau and others retell and interpret the letter, both their retelling and interpretation reflect their cultural differences and their different worldviews. Only Darius dealt with pure
things, while the rest of interpreters dealt with different languages words denoting those things. But in any case this message requires live intonations. The Scythian letter allows you to subtract from it some jokes or mock the same as a demand of surrender or as an open threat etc. Conflict of interpretations can be caused by both linguistic untranslatability either worldview untranslatability of different cultures and political involvement of interpreters. Therefore, the interpretation of the message through things, the same as through words, also depends on its intonation content
Epsitemologia critica kantiana
No full textThe foundations of Kantian critical epistemology represent the culmination of a long and diligent effort to analyze Kant's theories on the foundations of modern epistemology. Boldly distancing himself from the commonplaces of exegesis centered on the types of transcendental appearances of pure reason, Darius Borovic focuses on the positive use of reason, which arises from the Kantian perspective on the regulative function of ideas. Serving as a very clear and systematic introduction to one of the most "positive" parts of Kantian thought, the work carefully and concisely analyzes the types of ideas of reason and their fundamental role for knowledge in general, and for science in particular. Not limiting himself to the reductionist focus, which has almost become a cliché, of exegesis on Kant's three ideas of soul, world, and God, the author concentrates on the complex ways in which the ideas of reason ground the internal functional structure of reason, our very way of thinking and knowing. One of the author's most important strengths is his excellent command of the German language, including its complex philosophical nuances, which granted him direct access to the original meanings of the bibliographic sources used
Author and sources of the text of "Cnotliwy Litwin" (1592)
No full textStraipsnyje tiriama 1592 m. pasirodžiusios knygos „Cnotliwy Litwin“ autorystė. „Cnotliwy Litwin“ laikomas pirmuoju Lietuvos istoriografijoje teminiu istorinių dokumentų rinkiniu, kurį sudaro knygos rengėjo tekstas ir 10 dokumentų, pagrindžiančių Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės teises į Livoniją. Knyga yra anoniminė, todėl siekiama nustatyti jos autorystę. Albertas Vijūkas-Kojalavičius knygos autorystę klaidingai priskyrė Krizostomui Volodkevičiui. Jis negalėjo sukurti šio kūrinio, nes Volodkevičius mirė 1642 m. būdamas 51 metų amžiaus. Nustatyti autorystę pagelbėjo 1594 m. Vilniuje išspausdinta knyga „Dialiog ślachcica litewskiego prawdziwy wonjy inflantskiej...“. Joje aprašomi trys Stepono Batoro žygiai prieš Maskvą 1579-1581 m. Lyginamoji analizė parodė, kad abi knygas parašė tas pats autorius. 1594 m. knygoje autorius įrašė savo inicialus „E. P. Philalethes Lituaniae“. Tikėtina tai buvo Elijas Pielgrzymowskis - Venslovo Agripos įsūnis, kuriam jis užrašė savo biblioteką 1564 m. Žinoma, kad Pielgrzymowskis 1569 m. mokėsi Königsbero Universitete ir apie 1583 m. tapo karaliaus sekretoriumi. 1588 ir 1590 m. Žygimantas Vaza siuntė Pielgrzymowskį į Livoniją atlikti įvairias administracines užduotis. Tai paaiškina Livonijos reikalų išmanymą, kuriuo pasižymėjo „Cnotliwy Litwin“ autorius. Pielgrzymowskio autorystė priskiriama dar bent kelioms knygoms, todėl jis laikytinas vienu produktyviausių XVI a. pabaigos autorių Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje. Reikšminiai žodžiai: "Cnotliwy Litwin"; Autorystė; Elijas Pielgrzymowskis (m. 1605); Gerasis (Dorasis) lietuvis; Istorinis šaltinis; Jokūbas Morkūnas; Juozas Radvila; Krizostomas Volodkevičius; Krizostomas Volodkevičius (1591-1642); Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Lenkija (Lenkijos karalystė. Kingdom of Poland. Poland); Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Lietuvos istoriografija; Livonija (Livonia); 16 amžius; "The Virtuous Lithuanian"; 16th century; Authorship; Chryzostom Wlodkiewicz (1591-1642); Cnotliwy Litwin; Elijas Pielgrzymowski (d. 1605); Historical source; Historiography of Lithuania; Jacob Markowicz; Jerzy Radziwil; Krizostomas Volodkevičius; Lithuanian historiography; Livonia; The Grand Duchy of Lithuania; XVI th centuryThe article deals with the authorship of a book "Cnotliwy Litwin", that appeared in 1592. "Cnotliwy Litwin" is considered to be the first thematic collection of historical documents in Lithuanian historiography, consisting of the author's text and 10 documents justifying the rights of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to Livonia. The book is anonymous, which is why the aim is to determine its authorship. Albertas Vijūkas-Kojalavičius mistakenly attributed the book to Chryzostom Wołodkiewicz. He could not have created this work because Wołodkiewicz died in 1642 at the age of 51. A book "Dialog szlachcica litewskiego prawdziwy wojny inflanckiej...", published in Vilnius in 1594, helped to established its authorship. It describes three crusades by Stephen Báthory to Moscow in 1579-1581. Comparative analysis has shown that both books were written by the same author. In 1594, the author wrote his initials "E. P. Philalethes Lituaniae". It probably was Elijah Pielgrzymowski - the adopted son of Wacław Agryppa, to whom he decided to leave his library in 1564. It is known that Pielgrzymowski studied at the University of Königsberg in 1569, and became king's secretary in around 1583. In 1588 and 1590, Sigismund Vasa sent Pielgrzymowski to Livonia to perform various administrative tasks. This explains the knowledge of the Livonian affairs, noticed in the writings of the author of "Cnotliwy Litwin". Pielgrzymowski's authorship is attributed to at least several books, and therefore he is considered to be one of the most productive authors of the end of 16th century in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
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