40 research outputs found
Influence of Nutrient Source on Yield, Quality and Economics of Seed Production in Vegetable Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis)
No full textField investigation was carried out to study the influence of different sources of nutrients on seed production in vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis) during 2010-11 in Randomized Block Design, with twelve combinations of nutrient sources. Results showed significant variation in seed yield potential in the crop. Highest seed yield (435.97kg ha-1) was recorded in the treatment where recommended NPK dose for the seed crop was applied along with vermicompost at 50 per cent nitrogen substitution. Yield attributes were found non-significant, but had a positive influence on seed yield. Germination percentage and 100-seed weight was significantly higher in treatments receiving a combination of vermicompost and poultry manure. Benefit:Cost analysis revealed that 50 per cent N substitution with vermicompost and 25% N with poultry manure were the most profitable in cowpea seed production
The dynamic study – a randomised controlled feasibility trial of a novel polyvinylideneflouride mesh (Dynamesh-HIATUS) cruroplasty versus suture only repair of large hiatus hernia
No full text
Keyword Extraction Using Particle Swarm Optimization
No full textAbstractWithout formal structure data are those that have no prearranged form or structure and are full of textual data. Typical unstructured systems include emails, reports, telephone or messaging conversations, etc. The main goal of this work is to extract the keywords from a conversation using particle swarm optimization. Keywords are grouped together under their classification and then suggested to the user. In existing work, using diverse keyword extraction, to find topic modelling information, representation of the main topics of transcript and diverse keyword selection. It maximizes the coverage of topics that are automatically recognized in transcript of conversation fragment. Once a set of keywords is extracted, it is clustered according to their user queries and recommended to the user. At the end of result, a single implicit query cannot improve user's satisfaction with the recommended documents. So, swarm intelligence technique is to be applied, it will minimize redundancy in a short list of Keywords and provide accurate query result compared to greedy algorithm
Yield attributes of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and soil properties in Southern Laterites, Kerala as influenced by consortium biofertilizers
No full textA field experiment was undertaken at College of Agriculture, Vellayani during June to December 2019, to assess the efficacy of liquid consortium biofertilizer, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Mix - I in cassava and to examine the changes in soil chemical and biological properties with the application. The treatment combinations included four levels of biofertilizer [PGPR Mix - I liquid (L) @ 2 %, PGPR Mix - I liquid (L) @ 5 %, PGPR Mix - I powder (P) formulation @ 10g of 2 % mixture per plant, without biofertilizer] and three levels of nutrients, with 50: 50: 100 kg NPK/ha as the standard dose of nutrients (SDN), [50 % SDN, 75 % SDN, 100 % SDN]. The 4 × 3 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The results of the study revealed that the liquid biofertilizer consortium at 5 per cent + 75 percent SDN (37.5: 37.5: 75 kg NPK /ha) recorded significantly superior yield attributes in cassava and improved the soil organic C, available K status and microbial count.
Enhancing outage performance and sum capacity in multi-user environments through IOS-aided hybrid NOMA under imperfect SIC
No full textAbstract This study investigates the potential of integrating passive intelligent omni surface (IOS) technology to enhance wireless communication within a hybrid non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. Through a comprehensive analysis, three user pairing schemes - near-near, far-far (NN-FF) pairing, odd-even (O-E) pairing, and near-far (N-F) pairing - are meticulously investigated. Analytical expressions for outage probability are derived for each of the three pairing schemes. The proposed IOS-assisted hybrid NOMA with N-F pairing demonstrates a significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement, achieving gains of ∼ 48 dB to ∼ 52 dB compared to reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted hybrid NOMA and conventional hybrid NOMA systems. The N-F pairing strategy excels with the IOS-assisted hybrid NOMA, delivering superior performance over other pairing strategies. However, it results in a complex system, whereas NN-FF pairing exhibits a low-complexity system. Furthermore, the power allocation factors are optimized to maximize the sum capacity across all users. This work also explores the impact of imperfect successive interference cancellation (iSIC) on system performance. The proposed IOS-assisted hybrid NOMA system with N-F pairing demonstrates significant improvements in sum capacity. The N-F pairing achieves a minimum of ∼ 4% increase in sum capacity over other pairing strategies, even with a 1% SIC error rate. The proposed schemes with optimal power fractions improve sum capacity (bps/Hz) from ∼ 8.64 to ∼ 10.46 compared to conventional systems. The proposed system demonstrates significant improvements in sum capacity and outage probability performance, providing essential insights for the advancement of next-generation networks
Intelligent Omni-Surface-Assisted Cooperative Hybrid Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access: Enhancing Spectral Efficiency Under Imperfect Successive Interference Cancellation and Hardware Distortions
No full textNon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has emerged as a key enabler of massive connectivity in next-generation wireless networks. However, conventional NOMA studies predominantly focus on two-user scenarios, limiting their scalability in practical multi-user environments. A critical challenge in these systems is error propagation in successive interference cancellation (SIC), which is further exacerbated by hardware distortions (HWDs). Hybrid NOMA (HNOMA) mitigates SIC errors and reduces system complexity, yet cell-edge users (CEUs) continue to experience degraded sum spectral efficiency (SSE) and throughput. Cooperative NOMA (C-NOMA) enhances CEU performance through retransmissions but incurs higher energy consumption. To address these limitations, this study integrates intelligent omni-surfaces (IOSs) into a cooperative hybrid NOMA (C-HNOMA) framework to enhance retransmission efficiency and extend network coverage. The closed-form expressions for average outage probability and throughput are derived, and a power allocation (PA) optimization framework is proposed to maximize SSE, with validation through Monte Carlo simulations. The introduction of a novel strong–weak strong–weak (SW-SW) user pairing strategy capitalizes on channel diversity, achieving an SSE improvement of ∼0.48% to ∼3.81% over conventional pairing schemes. Moreover, the proposed system demonstrates significant performance gains as the number of IOS elements increases, even under imperfect SIC (iSIC) and HWD conditions. By optimizing PA values, SSE is further enhanced by at least 2.24%, even with an SIC error of 0.01 and an HWD level of 8%. These results underscore the potential of an IOS-assisted C-HNOMA system with SW-SW pairing as a viable solution for improving multi-user connectivity, SSE, and system robustness in future wireless communication networks
Artificial Screening of Sesame Germplasm against Shoot Webber and Capsule Borer
No full textTen promising germplasm lines and three checks (VRI 1-Local check; TC-25 Susceptible check; SI-250 Resistance check) of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) exhibiting different genetic and regional diversity were screened against shoot webber and capsule borer (Antigastra catalaunalis Duponchel) under net house condition during rabi season 2019-20 which were already found promising under open field condition at Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam, Tamil Nadu. Among the entries tested, three entries viz., B-7-11, SI 2116, and GRT-83148 under artificial screening as well as feeding preference study were recorded less than 10 per cent plant damage and were classified as resistant
