84 research outputs found
Indobathynella socrates Shaik 2019, n. sp.
No full text<i>Indobathynella socrates</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs. 1–7)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Body integument thin. Antennule 7-segmented; ultimate segment with2 equal aesthetascs. Antenna 4- segmented; exopod without subapical seta. Mandibular gnathobase fused with basal segment of palp and represented by 6 teeth. Paragnaths wedge-shaped with denticles on inner margin. Maxillulary distal endite with 7 armature elements including 3 smooth subterminal outer setae. Maxilla without inner proximal seta on second segment. Pleopod I slender, 1-segmented, bearing 2 normal plumose setae. Uropodal exopod with 2 setae only, ventro-medial seta being absent.</p> <p> <b>Type locality</b>. India, Andhra Pradesh State, ~ 8 km from Borra Caves in Visakhapatnam District, Karaiguda Cave, 18°18'.33.3''N, 0.83°01'31.9''E, elevation 838 m (Fig.1).</p> <p>The cave lies in the dense forest of Araku Valley of the Karaiguda hamlet in Ananthagiri Mandal of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh State in southern India. The cave has small entrance that leads to a tunnel which is nearly 10 m long and 4 m wide with three irregular small side chambers. The floor is uneven, with a thick layer of gravel and some massive boulders. The interior of the cave is impressive with young (immature) stalactites and stalagmites. The entrance chamber has a lotic ecosystem, where the sample was collected in contrast to a lentic ecosystem inside the chambers. The abiotic parameters, as determined on 18 June 2013, were as follows: air temperature 31°C; water temperature 22°C; pH 7.1; humidty 88% and turbidity 0.84 NTU. No publications report on the biology of the cave till now.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype female dissected on 3 slides (MNHN-IU- 2017-76) and 3 female paratypes are in author’s collection. Collector, S. Shaik, 18 June 2013.</p> <p> <b>Description of adult female (Holotype).</b> Total body length of holotype 0.7 mm. Body elongate, poorly chitinised and imperforated, 11.5 times as long as wide. In lateral view, pleomeres wider than thoracomeres. Head 1.2 times as long as wide, 1.5 times as long as first 2 thoracomeres combined.</p> <p>Antennule (Figs. 2A, 3A): 7-segmented, 33.3% longer than head; first three segments together 1.6 times longer than next four segments. First segment with 4 plumose setae and 1 simple seta, as illustrated. Second segment with 3 dorsal, plumose setae in a row near outer distal corner and 1 simple seta at inner distal corner. Third segment with 2 unequal simple setae on outer margin. Inner flagellum somewhat squarish, with 3 unequal simple setae. Fourth segment with stout apophysis overreaching midlength of sixth segment and with 2 plumose setae apically and1 plumose seta on small protuberance beside apophysis. Fifth segment smallest, with 1 simple seta at inner distal corner. Sixth segment with 3 unequal simple setae on distal margin, and 2 unequal aesthetascs at inner distal corner. Seventh segment with 4 unequal setae and 2 equal aesthetascs.</p> <p>Antenna (Figs. 2A, 3B): 4-segmented, perpendicular to antennule and 44% shorter than antennule. Exopod shorter than first endopodal segment, with 1 apical seta, which is stout, with bulbous swelling subproximally and bifurcating distally into unusually long, smooth sensory flagella; subapical simple seta absent. Endopod 2- segmented; first segment 0.7 times as long as second segment; plumose seta on second segment absent. Basis unarmed. Setal formula: 0/0+exp/1+0/4.</p> <p>Labrum (Fig. 3C): smooth, apically narrow, somewhat triangular in outline.</p> <p>Paragnaths (Fig. 3D): wedge-shaped, proximally fused with each other, inner margin fringed with 13 denticles on each side.</p> <p> Mandible (Fig. 4A): prehensile. Palp 3-segmented; basal segment slender, somewhat rectangular and slightly shorter than second segment, which is elongately oval; third segment smallest, with 2 unequal sturdy apical setae, about as long as second segment and distal outer margin finely spinulose. Gnathobase fused with basal segment of palp and masticatory part represented by 6 teeth: incisor process (<i>pars incisiva</i>) with two teeth; <i>processus incisivus accessorius</i> with one small tooth but without basal seta; pars molaris with three large and un equal teeth.</p> <p>Maxillule (Fig. 4B): proximal endite with only 1 smooth slender claw. Distal endite subcylindrical, 1.5 times as long as wide, bearing 2 apical claws of equal length, 2 almost equal claws on inner margin, and 3 setae on outer distal margin, close to the apex; all armature elements smooth</p> <p>Maxilla (Fig. 4C): 3-segmented; strongly prehensile. First segment somewhat squarish and bare. Second segment subcylindrical, 1.9 times as long as maximum width and armed with 6 setae distally, as illustrated, and no additional seta on inner proximal margin. Third segment smallest, somewhat trapezoidal, bearing 1 simple seta at inner distal corner and 1 moderately stout, incurved, smooth prehensile, apically inwardly bent claw; claw shorter than second segment.</p> <p>Th I–VII (Figs. 5 A–D, 6A–C): length increasing from Th I–III; Th IV–VII nearly similar in size. Th I without epipod; basis with 1simple seta at inner distal corner; seta shorter than first endopodal segment. Th II–VII with somewhat clavate, 1-segmented epipod, overreaching midlength of basis; coxa without plumose seta; basis unarmed. Th I–VII with 2-segmented exopod; Th I first exopodal segment with 2 short, bipinnate setae; Th II–VII first exopod segment with 1 short, dorsal and 1 long, ventral ciliated setae; dorsal ctenidia present distally on Th I– VII, as illustrated. Second exopodal segment shorter than first one and with 2 unequal ciliated terminal setae; Endopod 3-segmented and longer than exopod on Th I, but 2-segmented and distinctly slender and about as long as first exopodal segment on Th II–VII; number and distribution of ctenidia on different segments of Th I–VII as illustrated. Setal formulae: Th I: 0+0/1+0/1; Th II-VII: 0+0/1.</p> <p>Th VIII (Fig. 7C): club-shaped and distinct at base.</p> <p>Pleopod I (Figs. 2D, 7B): 1-segmented, slender, 4.8 times as long as wide, carrying 2 unequal plumose setae, 1 apical and 1 outer subapical. Uropod (Figs. 2C, 7A): sympod 2.6 times as long as wide, bearing 3 serrulate, somewhat diagonally arranged, claw-like spines at inner distal corner; proximal-most spine relatively long; distal 2 spines equal in size (Fig. 7A). Exopod subapical, 4.0 times as long as wide, with 1 apical and 1 outer subapical ciliated setae; apical seta 2.8 times as long as subapical seta; and ventro-medial seta absent. Endopod nearly cylindrical, 53.4% shorter than sympod, with 3 armature elements: 1 inner subapical serrulate claw-like spine, 1 similar but relatively long inner apical spine both spines somewhat swollen basally; and 1 long outer ciliated seta close to base of apical spine.</p> <p>Pleotelson (Fig. 7A): with 1 strong, dorsal ciliated seta on either side of median axis, not far from base of caudal furca; seta longer than caudal furca.</p> <p>Anal operculum (Fig. 7A): concave medially.</p> <p>Caudal furca (Fig. 7A): as long as distal width and with 4 unequal serrulate spines (1 apical, 3 inner) and 1 long, spiniform ciliated seta at outer distal corner; apical spine longest; 1 complete transverse row of spinules occurring disto-ventrally. Furcal organ not discernible.</p> <p>Male.— Not known.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and ecology.</b> <i>Indobathynella socrates</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is so far known only from its type locality. It was collected by coring the sandy sediments of a fast-flowing stream within the cave under typically dark conditions.</p> <p> <b>Co-occurrence.</b> The new species was accompanied by a dense population of unidentified Copepoda Cyclopoida, Nematoda, Oligochaeta, insect larvae and <i>Parastenocaris</i> Kessler, 1913 sp.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species is named in honor of Socrates, a classical Greek philosopher, who is considered one of the founders of western philosophy. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition to the feminine genus name.</p>Published as part of <i>Shaik, Shabuddin, 2019, A New Indobathynella Species from an Indian Cave. The First Cavernicolous Bathynellidae (Syncarida: Bathynellacea) from South-eastern India, pp. 345-360 in Zootaxa 4565 (3)</i> on pages 346-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2590270">http://zenodo.org/record/2590270</a>
Correction for Khan et al., Global selective sweep of a highly inbred genome of the cattle parasiteNeospora caninum
No full textThe authors note three author names appeared incorrectly. The author name Sarah M. Latham should instead appear as Sophia M. Latham, the author name Elizabeth A. Innes should instead appear as Elisabeth A. Innes, and the author name Johnathan M. Wastling should instead appear as Jonathan M. Wastling. The corrected author line appears below. The online version has been corrected. The authors also note that the author contributions footnote appeared incorrectly. Sophia M. Latham should be credited with designing research, performing research, and contributing new reagents/analytic tools. The corrected author contributions footnote appears below. Asis Khan, Ayako Wendy Fujita, Nadine Randle, Javier Regidor-Cerrillo, Jahangheer S. Shaik, Kui Shen, Andrew J. Oler, Mariam Quinones, Sophia M. Latham, Bartholomew D. Akanmori, Sarah Cleaveland, Elisabeth A. Innes, Una Ryan, Jan Slapeta, Gereon Schares, Luis M. Ortega-Mora, Jitender P. Dubey, Jonathan M. Wastling, and Michael E. Grigg Author contributions: A.W.F., S.M.L., J.P.D., J.M.W., and M.E.G. designed research; A.K., A.W.F., N.R., and S.M.L. performed research; A.K., J.R.-C., J.S.S., K.S., A.J.O., M.Q., S.M.L., B.D.A., S.C., E.A.I., U.R., J.S., G.S., L.M.O.-M., J.P.D., J.M.W., and M.E.G. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; A.K., A.W.F., N.R., and M.E.G. analyzed data; and A.K., J.P.D., J.M.W., and M.E.G. wrote the paper
Modelling of Near-Well Acidisation
No full textAcidisation is one of the oldest techniques for enhancing oil recovery, going back more than a 100 years ago. The accurate description of this physical and chemical phenomenon is not a straightforward task. The Darcy law, which is commonly used in continuum modelling at the macroscale, fails when the porosity approaches the unity due to a dissolution. In order to accurately capture the acidisation phenomenon, an upscaling of Navier-Stokes equations is done from pore scale to Darcy scale. The resulting equation is called the Darcy-Brinkman-Stokes (DBS) equation and the approach is called hybrid modelling. The hybrid modelling has the advantage of not having to deal with jumps in velocity and pressure as it makes these variables continuous without any jumps at the interfaces. The research presented here models the phenomenon using both the Darcy and DBS approaches to study the differences. A single phase injection model in 1-D is simulated to understand the flow dynamics and the chemical kinetics of a single wormhole in idealistic assumptions. To study different regimes of wormholes formation, the 2-D model, implemented in Stanford's Automatic Differentiation General Purpose Research Simulator (ADGPRS), was employed. The shape of wormholes is studied and is validated against the published results. The wormholes characteristics, obtained in both Darcy and DBS models, are defined as a function of breakthrough parameters and dimensionless variables. A convergence, sensitivity and performance analysis is performed for key parameters to fully describe and understand the differences in the 2-D solutions. Furthermore, the impact of co-injecting a gas phase namely CO_2 is simulated and compared with the single phase injection in both the models.Petroleum Engineering and Geo-science
Development of Gearless Power Transmission
No full textAbstract: In modern machineries, the motion and power need to be transferred from one shaft to other for various and complex activities. Also, it is essential to achieve such objectives with maximum efficiency and minimum cost. For transmitting power between different orientations of shaft, various medium like belt, chain and especially gears are used. But due to cost of manufacture of gear, interchangeability in parts and very limited shaft orientations, need arises for an alternative system. In this project a Gearless power transmission system has been studied, a possible gearless power transmission layout is designed and developed where it can transmit power from one shaft to other without any gear being used. This project deals with transmission of power from one shaft to other at right angle by means of sliding links that form revolute pair with the hub.
Keywords: Gearless drive, Power transmission, Sliding links, Elbow power transmission.
Title: Development of Gearless Power Transmission
Author: Sri Ravi Teja Appikonda, Sai Kiran Sarikonda, Nazeer Shaik, Anzar Mohammad, Gopiraja Parimi
International Journal of Recent Research in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (IJRRCME)
ISSN 2393-8471
Vol. 9, Issue 1, April 2022 - September 2022
Page No: 1-5
Paper Publications
Website: www.paperpublications.org
Published date: 04-May-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6517375
Paper download link (Source):
https://www.paperpublications.org/upload/book/Development%20of%20Gearless-04052022-3.pdfPaper Publications, Website: www.paperpublications.org, International Journal of Recent Research in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (IJRRCME), ISSN 2393-847
Development of Amla Juice Beverage Base and Instant Dehydrated Amla Beverage Mix
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Adsorption behavior of anionic surfactants to silica surfaces in the presence of calcium ion and polystyrene sulfonate
No full textAdsorption behavior of surfactants to rock surfaces is an important issue in oil recovery, especially in the process of surfactant flooding. The surfactant loss through adsorption to rock surfaces makes such process economically less feasible. Here, we investigated the adsorption behavior of anionic surfactants (alcohol alkoxy sulfate, AAS) onto silica with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. The results demonstrated that the surfactant adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Up to solution pH 10, surfactant adsorption slightly increased with increasing pH. The higher pH leads to more anionic surface sites for binding with an anionic surfactant with the help of a calcium cation bridging. The amount of anionic surfactant binding also increases with increasing calcium ion concentration up to 50 mM. It was found that sodium ions were able to exchange calcium ions near the silica surface, which would reduce the affinity for surfactant adsorption. The effect of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) on the anionic AAS adsorption was investigated to learn the possible competitive adsorptions. Indeed, this was found. Upon addition of 50 ppm PSS to a 0.05 wt% AAS containing solution, the adsorption of AAS was reduced by about 85 %. The obtained results show the interplay of different interacting species affecting the overall degree of anionic surfactant adsorption to silica surfaces. Optimal tuning of the process conditions according to these results will contribute to a more efficient use of anionic surfactants in enhanced oil recovery.Accepted Author ManuscriptChemE/Advanced Soft MatterOLD ChemE/Organic Materials and Interface
Influence of vacuum annealing on the properties of Cu2SnS3 thin films using low cost ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
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