135 research outputs found
Investigation of Regional Fractures and Cu Mineralization Relationships in the Khezrabad and Shahr-e-Babak Area: Using Fry and Fractal analysis
No full textIntroduction
Two main principal aspects for the genesis of porphyry copper deposits have been determined. The first genetic model concerns the petrologic and geochemical processes and the other relates the genesis to crustal deformation and geodynamic conditions (Kesler, 1997). Recent studies (e.g., Padilla Garza et al., 2001) show that the generation and emplacement of porphyry copper deposits may not only be dependent on magmatic and hydrothermal processes, but also that the regional and local tectonic setting plays an important role. Therefore in determining the suitable setting for emplacement of copper and other porphyry intrusions, determination of location of partial melting of the lower crust, generation of batholiths, and their volatile-rich derivative intrusions in the crust seems to be necessary (Carranza and Hale, 2002). Almost all porphyry copper deposits in Iran are located in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. These deposits show distinct spatial and temporal relationship with Miocene granodiorite plutonic rocks emplaced along strike slip faults (Mehrabi et al., 2005). Accordingly, the tectonic setting of ore deposits seem to be the most important factor for regional exploration of porphyry copper systems (Vearncombe and Vearncombe, 1999). There are several methods for analysis of distribution of ore deposits. In this research the role of structural control in the spatial distribution of porphyry deposits has been studied using Fry and Fractal methods. Here, the Fry method is used as a complementary method for Fractal analysis.
Materials and methods
Fry analysis is a self-adaptive method that is used for point objects. Fry analysis offers a visual approach to quantify the spatial trends in groups of point objects. Fry analysis can also be used to search for anisotropies in the distribution of point objects. More specifically it can be used to investigate whether a distribution of point objects occurs along linear trends, and whether such linear trends occur at a characteristic spacing. There is 37 and 42 copper point's index in the Khezr-Abad and Shar-B-Babak areas. The Fry patterns of copper index for two areas were determined with application of Dot Proc software. Fractal analysis is another technique for determination of regional distribution of faults. In this research the fractal dimension of joints and faults was determined in different locations using box-counting fractal method and drawing the logarithmic graphs.
Results
- The major faults show NW/SE trends in the Khezr-Abad area. They have a similar trend with Dehshir-Baft fault. Other sets of faults show NE/SW trend. These faults are younger than the Dehshir-Baft and release sinistral sense of shear.
- Intrusion of two intrusive bodies leads to the accumulation of strike-slip faults in the vicinity of intrusive rocks. In this region faults and joints mainly show NW/SE and NE/SW trends.
- The results of Fry analysis show that the mineralization in the Khezr-Abad occurred in the Cretaceous (and younger) rocks with NE/SW and NW/SE orientations. In the other words, these areas of mineralization are mainly related to the secondary faults or (P faults) in the pull basins and cross cutting points of these faults which have similar strike with the Dehshir-Baft fault. NE/SW mineralization is probably related to the tensional stress direction or faults having the general trends of central Iran structures.
- The calculations of fractal dimension show that the southeastern parts of the Khezr Abad have higher amounts of fractal dimension (Db= 1.7002). Also there is a relatively higher copper index in this part, indicating a logical relation between fault structures and mineralization.
-The generated maps indicate that the mineralization in the Shahr-e-Babak area occurred at the intersection of faults and volcanic system and the Fry analysis shows a NE/SW and NW/SE trend of ore concentration.
- Northwestern parts of the Share-e-Babak show higher fractal dimension (Db= 1.748) that occurs in the areas with more volcanic rocks and copper indexes.
- Results show that the porphyry copper mineralization mainly occurs near the great faults and related to the fault structures and shear zones in the Urumieh-Dokhtar structural zone. In the other word fault lineaments are the main factors in the local concentration of the ore deposits.
Discussion
The Study of geometry and mechanism of faults related to porphyry copper deposits is very important for determining the suitable location of ore concentration (Zarasvandi, 2004). For example, shear zones, pull apart basins, and step over along the strike slip faults are proper locations for concentration of porphyry ore deposits (Carranza and Hale, 2002). In this research the Khezr-Abad and Shahr-e-Babak areas have been studied. Plotted rose diagrams show the main role of the Dehshir-Baft shear zone for generating the joints and faults in the KhezrAbad area. In this area faults with NNW/SSE and NW/SE trends are the main direction of ore concentration. They are mainly related to the Dehshir-Baft fault. NE/SW faults show sinistral sense of shear and generally are younger than before mentioned sets. Finally the latest fault sets show N/S trend. The Shahre-e-Babak area is mainly dominated with Eocene igneous rocks. Volumetrically, andesite units are more abundant. Rose diagrams represent the existence of two main conjugate fault sets with NW/SE and NE/SW trends. The main copper indexes are located in the intersection of volcanic rocks with these two fault sets. Also the results of Fractal analyses reveal the higher Fractal dimension in the Northwestern part of the Shahr-e-Babak area. In the other words the most density of joint and faults occurred in this region.
References:
Carranza, J.M. and Hale, M., 2002. where are porphyry copper deposits spatially localized? A case study in Benguet province, Philippines. Natural Resources Recearch, 11(13): 45-59.
Kesler, S.E., 1997. Metallogenic evolution of convergent margins: Selected ore deposit models. ore Geology Reviews, 12(3): 153-171.
Mehrabi, A., Rangzan, K. and Zarasvandi, A., 2005. Where is significant location for the porphyry copper Deposits? A case study in south centeral Iranian volcanic belt. 9th symposium of Geological Society of Iran, The teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
Padilla Garza, R.A., Titley, S.R. and Francisco Pimentel, B., 2001. Geology of the scondida porphyry copper deposit, Antofagosta region, Chile. Economic Geology, 96(2): 307-344.
Vearncombe, J. and Vearncombe, S., 1999. The Spatial Distribution of Mineralization: Applications of Fry Analysis. Economic Geology, 94(4) :475-486.
Zarasvandi, A., 2004. Magmatic and structural controls on localization of the Darreh-Zerreshk and Ali-Abad porphyry copper deposits, Yazd Province, Central Iran. Ph.D. thesis, Shiraz University, Shiraz ,Iran, 280 pp.
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New Mexico pecan production
No full textPresented at Urbanization of irrigated land and water transfers: a USCID water management conference on May 28-31, 2008 in Scottsdale, Arizona.Pecans are a major agricultural crop in New Mexico. Currently there are approximately 11,000 hectares of pecans in the Elephant Butte Irrigation District, consuming more than one third of the annual diversion. The research presented here provides previously unavailable broad-scale estimates of pecan ET and pecan yield response to water. The data at the foundation of this paper were generated using the Regional ET Estimation Model (REEM) developed at New Mexico State University for agricultural and riparian vegetation (Samani et al. 2005, 2006, 2007). REEM uses remotely sensed satellite data to calculate ET as a residual of the energy balance. This research extends the results of REEM to an analysis of yield response to water in irrigated pecan production in the EBID. The study region is rapidly urbanizing and experiencing growing competition for scarce surface and groundwater supplies. The results of this research provide new insight into pecan water use and yields. This research illustrates the linkages that can be made between remote sensing technology, farm-level water management, and yield outcomes. This research sheds new light on the long-standing practice of deficit irrigation in pecans, the yield and conservation impacts of this practice, as well as water conservation policy implications
A Web Based Real Time Nitrogen Leaching Calculator
No full textWhile nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for corn, its leaching to ground water is an serious environmental issue and a hazard to public health. N leaching is closely linked to weather factors, especially rainfall. Prediction of N leaching in cropping systems is critical to improvement of crop management and reduction of N leaching. The objective of this project is to develop a web app that predicts in real-time mode N leaching across Nebraska using real-time weather data.
We are in the processing of developing the web app and expect a prototype to be running in 2017 cropping season. Field research will be carried out to test and validate the app predictions. Once completed, the app can help farmers understand better the fate of soil N, improve fertilizer management, and reduce N leaching losses
Design optimization of switched reluctance motor for noise reduction
No full textWith finite element method (FEM) using ANSYS finite element (FE) package, an electromagnetic-structural simulation model is introduced for the switched reluctance motor (SRM). Since the main reason of noise and vibration in the SRM is a radial force applied to stator poles, the 2D FE transient analysis is carried out in electromagnetic modeling to predict the instantaneous radial force. Based on 3D FEM, the modal analysis is done in the developed structural model to determine mode shapes and natural frequencies. Using the developed simulation model and an evolutionary algorithm, a method is proposed for design optimization of the SRM to decrease noise. To evaluate the proposed method, the simulation results are presented for an 8/6 switched reluctance motor.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI MTs NEGERI 1 PALU
No full textEFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN REMEDIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS DI MTs NEGERI 1 PALU Moh. Israwan N. Samani Adawiyah Pettalongi Rizka Fadliah Nur
This article discusses the effectiveness of remedial learning in improving student learning outcomes in social studies subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Palu. The focus of the discussion in this study is how the effectiveness of remedial learning in improving student learning outcomes in social studies subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Palu and what factors hinder Remedial Learning in improving student learning outcomes in social studies subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Palu. The method that the author uses in this study is a qualitative research method. With data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that in the effectiveness of remedial learning in improving student learning outcomes in social studies subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Palu, namely efforts to improve students are carried out if these students have not reached the minimum standard value, then students will be given remedial. because in this remedial learning students only repeat material that is not understood. Then the inhibiting factors in the effectiveness of remedial learning in improving student learning outcomes in social studies subjects at MTs Negeri 1 Palu, namely, the lack of attention from students, limited learning time carried out in schools as a result of the pandemic that is still endemic and the lack of communication between teachers and students. students to the problem of improving the value and efficiency of remedial learning in schools.
07 24 2022 28 38 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 10.24239/moderasi.Vol3.Iss1.54 https://moderasi.org/index.php/moderasi/article/view/54 https://moderasi.org/index.php/moderasi/article/download/54/43 https://moderasi.org/index.php/moderasi/article/download/54/4
Stress state and fluid pressure analyses using ultramafic dykes and calcite veins, SW Iran
No full textA mini-review on the most important effective medicinal plants to treat hypertension in ethnobotanical evidence of Iran.
No full textNowadays, cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent in human communities. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease which causes a mortality twice higher than general population. Given the fact that medicinal plants have long been used to treat hypertension and are currently being administered for this disease, we sought to report the mostly effective and important medicinal plants on hypertension therapy in ethno-botanical evidence of Iran. In this study, hypertension, Iran, ethno-botany, medicinal plants, and traditional medicine were used as key words to search in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO and EMBASE to select relevant articles. The findings of this study indicated that in Iran 40 plants in various provinces are used to treat hypertension. Because medicinal plants in this study contain effective compounds and have long been used to treat and reduce hypertension, they could provide suitable research arrangements for controlling hypertension, while effective natural drugs could be developed to control hypertension if their properties are confirmed in pharmacological studies
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