1,721,066 research outputs found
Honey in dermatology and skin care: a review
No full textHoney is a bee-derived, supersaturated solution composed mainly by fructose and glucose, and containing proteins and amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, minerals, and other minor components. Historical records of honey skin uses date back to the earliest civilizations, showing that honey has been frequently used as a binder or vehicle, but also for its therapeutic virtues. Antimicrobial properties are pivotal in dermatological applications, owing to enzymatic H2O2 release or the presence of active components, like methylglyoxal in Manuka, while medical-grade honey is also available. Honey is particularly suitable as a dressing for wounds and burns, and has also been included in treatments against pityriasis, tinea, seborrhoea, dandruff, diaper dermatitis, psoriasis, hemorroids, and anal fissure. In cosmetic formulations it exerts emollient, humectant, soothing, and hair conditioning effects, keeps the skin juvenile and retard wrinkle formation, regulates pH and prevents pathogen infections. Honey-based cosmetic products include lip ointments, cleansing milks, hydrating creams, after sun, tonic lotions, shampoos and conditioners. The used amounts range between 1-10%, but concentrations up to 70% can be reached by mixing with oils, gel and emulsifiers, or polymer entrapment. Intermediate-moisture, dried, and chemically-modified honeys are also used. Mechanisms of action on skin cells are deeply conditioned by the botanical sources, and include antioxidant activity, the induction of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase expression, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition in wounded epidermis. Future achievements, throwing light on honey chemistry and pharmacological traits, will open the way to new therapeutic approaches and add considerable market value to the product
Amplificazione del DNA con primer arbitrari (RAPD) per la caratterizzazione genetica delle popolazioni di beccaccia (Scolopax rusticola)
No full textSeasonal changes in the metabolism of the calcareous sponge Clathrina clathrus (Schmidt).
No full textRespiratory properties of mitochondria from the calcareous sponge Clathrina clathrus (Schmidt) and phylogenetic implications
No full textMoraceae Plants with Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity: A Review
No full textHyperpigmentation is an abnormal darkening of the skin mostly derived from excessive melanin production. It is typical of skin disorders including melasma associated to pregnancy or age, freckles, sun freckles and photoaging, age spots, and actinic keratosis. These conditions can be uncomfortable for aesthetic reasons and specific depigmenting treatment is frequently requested. Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of melanin synthesis and the main target of antihyperpigmentation remedies. Much interest is focused on compounds able to inhibit tyrosinase activity, particularly natural products, for which there is an increasing demand in the fields of cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications. This review concerns plants from the Moraceae family that have shown tyrosinase inhibition in vitro, including species from the genera Morus, Artocarpus, Maclura (Cudrania), Broussonetia, Milicia (Chlorophora), and Ficus. Compounds with remarkable tyrosinase inhibitory properties have been isolated from the wood and bark of different species, such as calchones, stilbenoids, flavonoids and diterpenes. Studies of structure-activity relationships have suggested that an unsubstituted resorcinol moiety is important for the acquirement of strong tyrosinase inhibition, but various exceptions have been reported. A few species, such as M. alba, A. heterophyllus, A. incisus, Maclura tricuspidata, and C. excelsa, have also shown inhibition of melanin biosynthesis on cultured melanoma cells. In addition, wood extract and the stilbene artocarpin from A. incisus have induced whitening effects on guinea pig skin, while an extract from A. lakoocha has hindered melanin formation in human volunteers. The complex of data indicates that Moraceae plants deserve attention for the development of natural and semi-synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors able to compete with, or outclass, currently available skin whitening drugs
Ca2+ is mobilized by hydroxyl radical but not by superoxide in RTH-149 cells: the oxidative switching-on of Ca2+ signaling
No full textTherapeutic properties of rice constituents and derivatives (Oryza sativa L.): a review update.
No full textRice is used in traditional medicines as a remedy against inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and skin diseases. Experimental and clinical evidence indicate that brown rice and bran oil reduce hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular risk, rice bran is anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory, the monacolin-rich red yeast rice regulates hypercholesterolemia, and the GABA-rich germinated brown rice has chemopreventive effects. The rice constituent γ-oryzanol has been intensively investigated for cholesterol regulation and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities. Bran derivatives and other products are used for dermatologic and cosmetic applications. Pharmacologically relevant compounds could be extracted from rice byproducts, providing an economic boost to rice farming and processing
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