1,721,131 research outputs found

    Using Pregnancy-Associated Glycoproteins (PAGs) to Improve Reproductive Management: From Dairy Cows to Other Dairy Livestock

    Full text link
    SIMPLE SUMMARY: Pregnancy loss is a major cause of infertility in dairy animals, particularly in cattle, which affects the productivity and profitability of farms. Detecting these unsuccessful pregnancies could offer farmers the opportunity to reduce the economic damage caused by pregnancy loss. The determination of proteins secreted by the placenta and related to the presence of a viable conceptus called pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) represents a diagnostic tool to identify pregnant or non-pregnant animals and to predict early pregnancy failures. This review describes the state of the art related to PAGs’ function, pregnancy profile, and use in reproductive management in bovine and other dairy livestock. ABSTRACT: Pregnancy success represents a major issue for the economic income of cattle breeders. Early detection of pregnant and non-pregnant animals, as well as the prediction of early pregnancy failure, can influence farm management decisions. Several diagnostic tools for pregnancy are currently available. Among these, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) have been shown to be useful for identifying the presence of vital embryos and for pregnancy follow-up monitoring. This review presents an overview of the PAGs’ functions, their pregnancy trends, and their use as a tool to improve reproductive management in bovine and other dairy livestock, such as small ruminants and buffalos

    Effects of food restriction during rabbit pregnancy on fetal biometric parameters

    No full text
    The rabbit is an ideal animal model for the study of fetus programming related to maternal nutrition. Here we describe the influence of moderate food restriction in different gestational phases on fetus growth evaluated by ultrasound (US). Primiparous non lactating New White Zealand does (n = 20) were assigned to four groups. Control group was fed a standard ration while the others received a restricted amount of food (30% restriction) during early (0–9 days), mid (9– 18 days), and late (19–28 days) pregnancy. By US scans, performed at days 0, 4, 10, 14, 18, 22, and 26 of pregnancy, vesicle size, placental thickness, embryo length, and biparietal diameter were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test. Food restriction affected vesicle size (p < 0.01) and embryo length (p < 0.001) depending on stage of nutritional privation during pregnancy and day of observation. However, biometric differences might also be attributable to litter size (larger body length when the number of live born ranging from 6 to 10; p < 0.01). In conclusion, the results indicate that fetus size is sensitive to maternal nutrition but inutero development is influenced by many factors that establish intricate reciprocal relationships
    corecore