1,721,159 research outputs found
Sostenibilità dello sviluppo, inquinamento e offerta di risorse naturali
No full textA distanza di vent’anni dalla nascita della nozione di sviluppo sostenibile, non vi è ancora accordo unanime sulla sua esatta interpretazione, né sull’effettivo rispetto delle condizioni di sostenibilità. In particolare, la letteratura è divisa sulla capacità degli
attuali sistemi economici di rispettare due condizioni complementari di sostenibilità, in termini di scarsità delle risorse naturali ed inquinamento derivante dal loro impiego. Per contribuire al dibattito in corso, il presente lavoro si prefigge di esaminare in maniera critica queste due condizioni con particolare attenzione al ruolo
delle risorse esauribili in modo da valutare la sostenibilità del modello energetico attualmente prevalente. A tale scopo, particolare attenzione viene rivolta a due relazioni, la curva di Hubbert e quella di Kuznets ambientale, di grande attualità nella letteratura specialistica, che possono dare importanti indicazioni su ciascuna delle due
condizioni di sostenibilità sopra citate. Partendo dall’analisi congiunta delle due relazioni, il lavoro mette in luce la necessità della transizione verso un modello energetico basato sulle fonti rinnovabili ed i fattori che hanno fin qui rallentato questo processo di transizione
La politica europea per i cambiamenti climatici: alcune importanti criticità
No full textQuesto lavoro esamina la politica energetica europea degli ultimi anni, evidenziandone le criticità emerse nel sistema dei permessi negoziabili e nella transizione verso le rinnovabili. Nonostante le difficoltà incontrate nel recente passato a raggiungere gli obiettivi intermedi che si era proposta, l’Unione europea ha fissato obiettivi ancor più ambiziosi per il futuro. Questa politica che innalza e pospone l'obiettivo da raggiungere può creare, tuttavia, problemi di incoerenza temporale e credibilità delle politiche annunciate che, uniti a talune criticità del sistema dei permessi evidenziate nell’analisi, possono ostacolare la capacità dell’Unione di raggiungere gli obiettivi energetici prefissati
Il sistema dei permessi negoziabili per la gestione dell’acqua : un'analisi dei principali casi di studio
No full textIn the last few years, the increasingly problematic issues of water scarcity and pollution have led to a rise in the application of tradable permits to the water sector. However, a critical evaluation
of their application is still missing from the literature. To overcome this problem, the present work aims at providing a critical survey of the main schemes of tradable water abstraction rights and pollution
rights in operation in various countries. The advantages and disadvantages that emerge in each case are emphasised, in order to explain fully to what extent this market instrument can be employed
in the water sector, and thus derive useful indications for future applications. Despite the potential benefits of tradable permits and the success reported in some contexts, from the present casestudy
analysis it turns out that several factors, including lack of sufficient market competition, may sometimes hinder their functioning in practice
Water tradable permits: a review of theoretical and case studies
No full textOver the last few years the growing problems of water scarcity and water pollution
have induced ever increasing attention towards the application of market mechanisms
based on tradable permits in the water sector, similar to those adopted for air
pollution. In spite of the growing interest surrounding this instrument, a general
critical valuation of the application of tradable permits for water management is still
missing in the literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by critically analysing the
experiences of various countries who have adopted tradable water permit
programmes, underlining both the advantages and disadvantages that have emerged in
each case, in order to provide useful indications for possible future applications in
other regions. Despite the merits of tradable water permits and their success in some
contexts, the case studies analysed highlight the existence of significant difficulties
during implementation, which can prevent the full functioning of such an instrument
From Hubbert to Kuznets: on the sustainability of the current energy system
No full textThe current energy system is largely based on the use of fossil fuels.
This poses serious constraints on the actual capacity of the economic systems to comply with two related conditions of sustainability, in terms of pollution and scarcity of natural resources. To examine this issue more deeply, the present work focuses attention on two relations, the Hubbert Curve and the Environmental Kuznets Curve, that are strictly related and can provide important indications on the actual satisfaction of the aforementioned conditions. From the analysis of the two curves, it emerges the necessity of a
transition towards a different energy model that relies much more heavily on the use of renewable resources. For this reason, particular attention is devoted in the article to the factors that have slowed down so far such a transition process
The Kuznets curve and the environmental Kuznets curve: a simple steady-state analysis
No full textThe literature on the Kuznets curve and that on the environ-
mental Kuznets curve share several features. The analogy between
the two curves concerns not only their shape, but also the theo-
retical explanations underlying them and the methodology used in
the empirical studies. Although the evidence in favor of the curves
is not clear-cut, both relationships are the object of a long-lasting
debate in the literature for their large policy implications. This
work intends to contribute to such debate by investigating what
might happen in equilibrium if we assume that both relationships
apply. In particular, taking the two curves as stylized facts of the
economy, this paper examines possible implications of these em-
pirical regularities on the steady state equilibrium of the economy.
Using a very simple in nite horizon representative agent model,
we show that three possible outcomes can occur: no steady state,
a unique steady state, and multiple steady states. When a steady
state does exist, stability analysis suggests that inequality across
countries may tend to increase
The European emission trading scheme and renewable energy policies: credible targets for incredible results?
Full text linkThis paper discusses the merits and limits of the recent European energy policy aimed at reducing carbon emissions, devoting particular attention to the European Trading System of carbon permits and to the measures that the European Union has adopted to promote renewable energy sources. From the comparison of past goals and present results, it is argued that more credible targets for carbon emission reductions and renewable shares would probably help the transition towards an alternative energy system and the necessary reduction of greenhouse gases
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