1,720,984 research outputs found
Supraventricular Tachycardia during Status Epilepticus in Dravet Syndrome: A Link between Brain and Heart?
No full textPediatric epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidity: Preliminary observational data from a prospective study
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Time perception in childhood absence epilepsy: Findings from a pilot study
No full textWith this explorative study, we aimed to examine time perception in children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) and to compare those children with a matched control group. The study also investigated the association between the neuropsychological performance of the group with CAE and time judgment. We hypothesize that children with CAE could fail in time perception and that this may be because of a common underlying substrate with executive impairments
Executive Functions and Attention in Childhood Epilepsies: A Neuropsychological Hallmark of Dysfunction?
Full text linkObjective: Patients with epilepsy are at risk for several lifetime problems, in which neuropsychological impairments may represent an impacting factor. We evaluated the neuropsychological functions in children suffering from three main epilepsy categories. Further, we analyzed the longitudinal evolution of the neuropsychological profile over time. Methods: Patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluation at our Department from 2012 to 2018 were identified retrospectively. We selected patients aged 6-16 years and with at least two evaluations. Three epilepsy categories were considered: focal/structural, focal self-limited, and idiopathic generalized. Each evaluation included the same structured assessment of main neuropsychological domains. The effect of the epilepsy category, illness duration, seizure status, and medication was computed in multilevel models. Results: We identified 103 patients (focal self-limited = 27; focal/structural = 51; and idiopathic generalized = 25), for 233 evaluations. The majority of deficits were reported in attention and executive functions (>30% of patients); the results were dichotomized to obtain global indexes. Multilevel models showed a trend toward statistical significance of category of epilepsy on the global executive index and of illness duration on global attention index. Illness duration predicted the scores of executive and attention tasks, while category and medication predicted executive task performance. Focal/structural epilepsies mostly affected the executive domain, with deficits persisting over time. By contrast, an ameliorative effect of illness duration for attention was documented in all epilepsies. Conclusions: This study offers lacking information about the evolution of deficits in time, the role of epilepsy category, and possible psychological implications for high-order cognitive skills, central in several social and academic problems
Longitudinal Electroencephalographic (EEG) Findings in Pediatric Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (Anti-NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: The Padua Experience
No full textTo contribute to characterize electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in pediatric anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis, we reviewed electroclinical data of 5 children with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis diagnosed in our department. We identified 4 longitudinal electroencephalographic phases: in the early phase, background activity was normal, with intermixed nonreactive slow waves; in the florid phase, background activity deteriorated with appearance of sequences of peculiar rhythmic theta and/or delta activity unrelated to clinical changes, unresponsive to stimuli and antiepileptic medications; in the recovery phase, these sequences decreased and reactive posterior rhythm re-emerged; electroencephalogram normalized 2 to 5 months after onset. In conclusion, in the presence of evocative clinical history, recognizing a characteristic longitudinal electroencephalographic activity could provide ancillary aspects addressing the diagnosis and the overall management of children with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis; in particular, knowing that peculiar and recurrent paroxysmal nonepileptic rhythmic theta-delta patterns can occur in these patients could help distinguish paroxysmal epileptic and nonepileptic electroencephalographic activity
Polymorphisms of the SCN1A gene in children and adolescents with primary headache and idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy: is there a linkage?
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the polymorphisms of the SCN1A gene in a series of children and adolescents with primary headache and idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy compared to controls. Five non-synonymous exonic polymorphisms (1748A > T, 2656T > C, 3199A > G, 5771G > A, 5864T > C) of the SCN1A gene were selected and their genotyping was performed, by high resolution melting (HRM), in 49 cases and 100 controls. We found that among the five polymorphisms, only 3199A > G was a true polymorphism. We did not find a statistically significant difference between distribution of 3199A > G genotypes between cases and controls. We excluded the role of the SCN1A gene in the pathogenesis of comorbidity between headache (especially migraine) and epilepsy. The SCN1A gene is a major gene in different epilepsies and epilepsy syndromes; theHRM could be the new methodology, more rapid and efficacious, for molecular analysis of the SCN1A gene. © The Author(s) 2011
Benign nocturnal alternating hemiplegia of childhood: The first clinical report with paroxysmal events home-video recordings.
No full textBenign familial nocturnal alternating hemiplegia of childhood (BNAHC) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of hemiplegia, arising from sleep Without progression to neurological or intellectual impairment. It is distinct from the malignant, relatively more common, alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), complicated by developmental deterioration, cognitive impairment, and permanent neurological deficits such as choreoathetosis. The authors add a new case of BNAHC to the pertinent literature and report, for the first time, a video with the typical nocturnal hemiplegic attacks in order to improve knowledge about this disorder among child neurologists and pediatricians and increase the possibility of clarifying its pathogenesis and molecular basis. (C) 2008 Movement Disorder Society
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