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    An automatically controlled alternate oxic-anoxic process for small municipal wastewater treatment plants

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    A patented automatic control device was applied to management of an alternate oxic-anoxic process in a small wastewater treatment plant (700 PE). The control system enabled the optimal time-length of the aerobic and anoxic phases to be determined by analyzing the dissolved oxygen and the oxidation-reduction potential data. Moreover, also a time set point was introduced to establish the maximum length for the two phases. Results showed high performances in biological nitrogen removal (0.7-5.2 mg of NO3-N L-1 in the effluent) and a reliable control of the treatment process also during wet weather events. In comparison with extended aeration plants of similar size, lower energetic consumption was observed, generally &lt;200 Wh PE-1 day-1. The automatic control device was a reliable system that gave a good performance in a small wastewater treatment plant with low investment and managing costs. <br/

    The monitoring of a two steps aerobic-anoxic process with separate biomass to enhance performances in the treatment of liquid industrial wastes

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    The paper presents the results of a one-year study of the performance of a full scale plant for the treatment of industrial liquid wastes adopting the alternate cycle process. The carbon and nitrogen removal performances were discussed according to the experimental measurements of maximum nitrification and denitrification rates. It was demonstrated that the nitrification process was the limiting step: it worked with a rate in the range 0.002 - 0.02 KgNH4-N kg-1VSS d-1 at 20°C. This was because of inhibition phenomena due to the presence of both complex organic compounds and heavy metals which were not removed by the chemical-physical pre-treatment step. The denitrification process was characterized by a maximum rate ranging from 0.015 to 0.056 Kg NO3-N kg-1VSS d-1 at 20°C, according to the available amount of readily biodegradable COD in the treated wastes. The reliability of the aerobic-anoxic process was determined on the basis of the percentage of successful cycles compared with the performed ones. It was shown that the actual cycles ranged from 50 to 100% of the expected ones, while effective cycles were up to 84% in the first step and up to 60% in the second one. These were related to the carbon to nitrogen ratio. Even if at times the nitrogen and carbon removal yields were not satisfactory, the two step aerobic-anoxic process operated in the alternate cycle mode seems a successful solution for the treatment of liquid industrial wastes
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