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How to Explain Behavior: Author Precis
No full textThis is an author precis of the book How to Explain Behavior: A Critical Review and a New Approach by Sam S. Rakover (2018, Lexington). The precis has two sections. The first, basic methodological origin-points, treats the fundamental ideas and premises concerning explanation and understanding. The second section outlines the book's arrangement, and summarizes the content of each chapter
Syncrossus Blyth
No full textSyncrossus Blyth Syncrossus Blyth, 1860 (type species: Syncrossus berdmorei Blyth, 1860, by subsequent designation by Jordan, 1919b). Gender masculine. Diagnosis. Distinguished from all other genera of Botiinae by the unique presence of a sickle-shaped anterior process of the premaxilla, surrounding a cavity between left and right processes; rostral process short, without ridge along inner edge. Distinguished from other lineages within the subfamily Botiinae by the following combination of characters: Mental lobe not developed in a barbel, with a pair of fleshy papillae at its anterior edge. Fronto-parietal fontanelle large, wide. Anterior chamber of gas bladder partly covered by bony capsule; posterior chamber large. Top of supraethmoid narrow. Optic foramen large. Suborbital spine not strongly curved backwards, bifid. Head naked (based on Taki, 1972: 74, 76). Colour pattern: regular, narrow bars throughout life, in some species with overimposed longitudinal rows of black spots. Remarks. The valid name for the lineage called Hymenophysa by Fang (1936), Nalbant(1963, 2002), Taki (1972) and others is Syncrossus Blyth, 1860. Blyth (1860: 166) originally included two species in his Syncrossus, S. berdmorei Blyth, 1860 and " Schistura grandis apud McClelland". The last name is a deliberate application of a previous misidentification[ICZN art. 67.2.1], and therefore two species are included. The type species, by subsequent designation by Jordan (1919b: 294) is S. berdmorei. The species called B. hymenophysa by Taki (1972) is B. helodes (see Kottelat, 1984; Nalbant & Bianco, 1984). Included species: Syncrossus beauforti (Smith, 1931) (synonyms: B. lucasbahi Fowler, 1937, B. beauforti formosa Pellegrin & Fang, 1940, B. yunnanensis Chen, 1980) Syncrossus berdmorei Blyth, 1860 Syncrossus helodes (Sauvage, 1876) Syncrossus hymenophysa (Bleeker, 1852) (synonym: Hymenophysa macclellandi Bleeker, 1858) Syncrossus reversa (Roberts, 1989)Published as part of Maurice Kottelat, 2004, Botia kubotai, a new species of loach (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from the Ataran River basin (Myanmar), with comments on botiine nomenclature and diagnosis of a new genus., pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 401 on pages 13-1
Caprolagus Blyth 1845
No full textCaprolagus Blyth, 1845. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 14:247. TYPE SPECIES: Lepus hispidus Pearson, 1839.Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann, 1993, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 807-827 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 814, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735308
Cyornis cyanopolia Blyth 1870
No full text<i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Blyth, 1870 <p> Heinrich Boie (1794–1827) collected in Java several specimens of a flycatcher which he recognized as new for science and labeled <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i>. Blyth (1870: 165) studied them in the RMNH in autumn 1869, remarking in his paper: “ <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> (Boie), from Sumatra, Java and Borneo, differs in no respect that I can perceive, whether from recollection or comparison with Dr. Jerdon’s description [= Jerdon 1862: 465], from <i>C. unicolor</i>, nobis [= Blyth 1843: 1007], of the Sikhim Himalaya.” This sentence started a paragraph on <i>Cyornis</i> flycatchers and the name “ <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> ” was printed in small caps. This misled many subsequent workers to believe that Blyth (1870) used <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> as a valid name for a taxon. Some of them considered the name available for nomenclatural purposes (e.g. Gray 1871: 218; Salvadori 1874: 132; Giebel 1875: 633; Hume 1879: 59; Mees 2004; Quaisser 2010), while others argued that it is a nomen nudum (e.g. Hartert 1902: 550; Dickinson <i>et al.</i> 2002). However, Blyth (1870) clearly said that Boie’s <i>C. cyanopolia</i> is inseparable from his own <i>C. unicolor</i>. Thus, provisions of Art. 11.5. of the Code were not fulfilled (“Names to be valid when proposed.”) and <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Boie was simply listed by Blyth (1870: 165), as a label name, in the synonymy of <i>C. unicolor</i> Blyth, 1843 (Art. 11.6. of the Code). Note that label names were deemed available for nomenclatural purposes in Blyth’s times, and Blyth (1870) thus treated Boie’s <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> in this way.</p> <p> Gray (1871: 218) listed “ <i>cyanopolia</i>, Boie ” in the Index of species names to his <i>Handlist</i>, but was uncertain whether it is a valid species or a synonym of <i>C. unicolor</i> Blyth. Salvadori (1874: 132) seems to have been the first to treat “ <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> (Boie) ” as available for nomenclatural purposes <i>and</i> as a valid name for a flycatcher species, thus fulfilling provisions of Art. 11.6.1. of the Code. Herewith, <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> became available for nomenclatural purposes with Blyth (1870) as its author (Art. 11.6.1. and Art. 50.7. of the Code).</p> <p> Blyth (1870) listed no specimens, but it is evident from his paper that he cited specimens labeled in the RMNH as <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Boie. These specimens, all of which belong to a single form, are thus syntypes of <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Blyth, 1870 (Art. 72.4.3. of the Code). Dekker (2003: 68) detailed that the RMNH possesses three such specimens, all collected by Boie in Java: RMNH 89617 (ad. 3), RMNH 89618 (ad. 3) and RMNH 89619 (imm. 3).</p> <p> Dekker (2003: 69) and Quaisser (2010: 66) believed that specimens RMNH 89620 and RMNH 89621 also belong to the type series of <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Blyth, which is not true (see below). Quaisser (2010: 66) thus suggested that <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Blyth was based on syntypes from different taxa and consequently designated RMNH 89620 as its lectotype. As shown here, RMNH 89620 and RMNH 89621 were not part of the type series upon which <i>Cyornis cyanopolia</i> Blyth was based. Her action is thus invalid (Art. 74.1. of the Code) and the specimen loses its status as lectotype (74.2. of the Code).</p>Published as part of <i>Mlíkovský, Jiří, 2011, Nomenclatural notes on Cyornis and Rhinomyias flycatchers (Aves: Muscicapidae) of South-East Asia, pp. 64-68 in Zootaxa 2985</i> on pages 64-65, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/201827">10.5281/zenodo.201827</a>
Blyth, John, VX37608
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/372343Surname: BLYTH
Given Name(s) or Initials: JOHN
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: VX37608
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 24274183262
Item: [2016.0049.04669] "Blyth, John, VX37608
Rhinosciurus Blyth 1855
No full textRhinosciurus Blyth, 1855. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 14:477. TYPE SPECIES: Sciurus laticaudatus Müller, 1840. COMMENTS: Tribe Callosciurini (Moore, 1959:173).Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 438, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735313
Coelops frithii Blyth 1848
No full textCoelops frithii Blyth, 1848 Asian tailless roundleaf bat Coelops frithii Blyth 1848: 251; Sunderbans, Bangladesh. Distribution Bangladesh and NE India to S China, Thailand, Myanmar, Lao PDR, Vietnam, south to W Malaysia, Sumatra, and Java and Bali; Taiwan. Distribution in Lao PDR (Fig. 41): Bolikhamxai Province: Ban Kengbit (SMF collection); Louangphabang Province: Nam Khan (EBD collection); Vientiane Province: Ban Nampe (IEX collection).Published as part of Thomas, Nikky M., Duckworth, J. W., Douangboubpha, Bounsavane, Williams, Meredith & Francis, Charles M., 2013, A checklist of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Lao PDR, pp. 193-260 in Acta Chiropterologica 15 (1) on page 217, DOI: 10.3161/150811013X667993, http://zenodo.org/record/394334
(書簡)Date: 1964/12/1 ; Sender: Blyth, K. A. ; Receiver: Tsuru, S (Shigeto)
No full text2枚Queensland Cane Growers Council用紙書簡オリジナルの所在: 一橋大学経済研究所資料室都留重人氏より寄贈1-B1-06-03/00
Viverra megaspila Blyth 1862
No full textViverra megaspila Blyth, 1862. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 31: 331. TYPE LOCALITY: Burma, Prome. DISTRIBUTION: S. India; Burma; Thailand; Indochina; Malaya. PROTECTED STATUS: U.S. ESA - Endangered as V. m. civettina subspecies only. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005005002001.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 270, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735298
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