178,164 research outputs found
Diphasia orientalis Billard 1920
No full textDiphasia orientalis Billard, 1920 Fig. 1K Diphasia orientalis Billard, 1920: 146, fig. 1d. Diphasia orientalis – Billard 1925b: 212, figs 52–53. ― Gibbons & Ryland 1989: 407, fig. 26. Material examined MUSORSTOM 3: Stn. DR117, two infertile, unbranched stems, 9 and 12 mm high, detached from substrate (MNHN-IK-2012-16515); Stn. CP121, two infertile, unbranched stems, 13 and 22 mm high, detached from substrate (MNHN-IK-2012-16516). Remarks For a thorough description of this species, see Billard (1925b). Geographical distribution Indonesia (Billard 1925b), Fiji (Gibbons & Ryland 1989), Philippines (present report).Published as part of Galea, Horia R., 2016, Notes on some sertulariid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the tropical western Pacific, with descriptions of nine new species, pp. 1-52 in European Journal of Taxonomy 218 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.218, http://zenodo.org/record/384019
Max (R) and Bruce (L) Billard of Grand Bruit
No full textNewMax (R) and Bruce (L) Billard of Grand Bruit
Sertularella acutidentata Billard 1919
No full textSertularella acutidentata Billard, 1919 Fig. 7I Sertularella acutidentata Billard, 1919: 20, figs 1e, 2. Sertularella acutidentata acutidentata – Vervoort & Watson 2003: 154, fig. 35b–e. Material examined TAIWAN 2: Stn. DW118, two infertile colonies, 7 and 8 cm high (MNHN-IK-2012-16554). Remarks For a redescription of this species, refer to Hirohito (1995). Its synonymy is given by Vervoort & Watson (2003). Geographical distribution Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, New Caledonia, and north of New Zealand (Vervoort & Watson 2003). operculum. G. Female gonotheca. ― H. Salacia sibogae Billard, 1924 (MUSORSTOM 3, Stn. DR126), portion of stem and basal part of cladium. ― I. Sertularella acutidentata Billard, 1919 (TAIWAN 2, Stn. DW118), portion of stem with basal part of side branch. ― J. Sertularella areyi Nutting, 1904 (BATHUS 3, Stn. CP813), portion of fertile stem. ― K–L. Sertularella diaphana (Allman, 1885) (MUSORSTOM 8, Stn. CP1104). K. Two hydrothecae. L. Gonotheca. ― M. Sertularella mirabilis Jäderholm, 1896 (TAIWAN 2, Stn. DW118), portion of colony. ― N–Q. Sertularella novaecaledoniae Vervoort, 1993 (MUSORSTOM 4, Stn. DW221). N. Portion of stem and proximal part of a branch. O–P. Hydrothecae. Q. Portion of stem with gonothecae. ― R. Sertularella quadridens (Bale, 1884) (MUSORSTOM 3, Stn. CP121), portion of stem and proximal part of a side branch. Scale bars: A–B = 500 µm; C–F = 400 µm; G–N, Q–R = 1 mm; O–P = 300 µm.Published as part of Galea, Horia R., 2016, Notes on some sertulariid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the tropical western Pacific, with descriptions of nine new species, pp. 1-52 in European Journal of Taxonomy 218 on page 23, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.218, http://zenodo.org/record/384019
Theoretische Grundlagen der allgemeinen Kristalldiagnose im durchfallenden Licht, par R. Rath, 1969
No full textBillard Jean. Theoretische Grundlagen der allgemeinen Kristalldiagnose im durchfallenden Licht, par R. Rath, 1969. In: Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, volume 93, 2, 1970. p. 266
Theoretische Grundlagen der allgemeinen Kristalldiagnose im durchfallenden Licht, par R. Rath, 1969
No full textBillard Jean. Theoretische Grundlagen der allgemeinen Kristalldiagnose im durchfallenden Licht, par R. Rath, 1969. In: Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie, volume 93, 2, 1970. p. 266
Salacia sibogae Billard 1924
No full textSalacia sibogae Billard, 1924 Fig. 7H Salacia sibogae Billard, 1924: 64, fig. 1b–c. Salacia sibogae – Schuchert 2003: 177, fig. 34. Material examined MUSORSTOM 3: Stn. DR126, four small (0.4–1.1 cm high), sterile stems on axis of dead gorgonian (MNHN-IK-2012-16553). Remarks A recent redescription of this species and a list of synonyms are available in Schuchert (2003). Geographical distribution Previosuly known from Indonesia and Japan (Schuchert 2003). The present material originates from the Philippines.Published as part of Galea, Horia R., 2016, Notes on some sertulariid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the tropical western Pacific, with descriptions of nine new species, pp. 1-52 in European Journal of Taxonomy 218 on page 23, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.218, http://zenodo.org/record/384019
Aglaophenia postdentata Billard 1913
No full textAglaophenia postdentata Billard, 1913 (fig. 8 A–F) Aglaophenia postdentata Billard, 1913: 100, fig. 89.― Jäderholm, 1920: 8, pl. 2, fig. 8.― Vervoort, 1941: 231.― Redier, 1966: 97, pl. 3, fig. 4.― Millard & Bouillon, 1973: 90, fig. 11 G, H.― Ryland & Gibbons, 1991: 557, fig. 24 A–D.―? Watson, 1994: 158, fig. 4 C–H.―? Watson, 1996: 79, tab. 1.―? Watson, 2005: 563. Aglaophenia pluma pluma ― Spracklin, 1982: 246, fig. 117 I [not Aglaophenia pluma (Linnaeus, 1758)]. Material examined. Stn. 19: 26.11.2009, 6– 11 m—numerous sterile cormoids to 1 cm high, on Halimeda sp. and basal part of Eudendrium sp. (parts as MHNG-INVE- 68733 and MNHN-IK. 2009 - 828). Remarks. This species is readily distinguished from its congeners by its delicate appearance, the shape of cormidia, the presence of ten hydrothecal cusps, and the opened corbula. For a good redescription of its trophosome, see Ryland & Gibbons (1991). The gonothecae were first described by Millard & Bouillon (1973). The Australian specimens described by Watson (1994) differ in several respects from the previous accounts: 1) the anterior and posterior hydrothecal cusps were hypertrophied, the former being almost rectangular in frontal view, and the latter “much longer and arched inwards over the aperture, edges rolled upwards”; 2) the lateral nematothecae had a circular aperture, while normally they are gutter-shaped (Billard 1913, Ryland & Gibbons 1911, present study fig. 8 F 1); 3) the corbulacostae were provided with a single basal (axillar) nematotheca, while two were found in the specimens studied by Millard & Bouillon (1973). This material is provisionally kept conspecific with Billard’s (1913) species, pending additional, broader studies on its intraspecific variability. The specimen figured by Spracklin (1982, fig. 117 I) has obviously ten hydrothecal cusps and the cormidium is quite long, as in the present specimens; it is here included in the synonymy of A. postdentata. Schuchert (2003) remarked that only minor differences exist between A. postdentata and A. sibogae Billard, 1913, and that more material of both species is needed to clarify their relationship. Caribbean records. Belize (Spracklin 1982, as A. pluma pluma). World distribution. Indonesia (Billard 1913, Jäderholm 1920, Vervoort 1941), New Caledonia (Redier 1966), Seychelles (Millard & Bouillon 1973), Belize (Spracklin 1982), Fiji (Ryland & Gibbons 1991), south and western Australia (Watson 1994, 1996, 2005). The present record is the first for the Atlantic Ocean.Published as part of Galea, Horia R., 2010, Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 2570 on page 31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19738
Trends in Cyprinid polyculture
No full textPolyculture is the association of fish species, mostly cyprinids, feeding at different levels of the aquatic pond ecosystem. It is an efficient food production system, which typically produces five tones of fish/ha/year without distribution of formulated artificial feeds but with intense fertilization as well as grass and agricultural by-products. The exact figure of polyculture production in the world are not known precisely. A part of the production of cyprinids is due to monoculture of the grass carp and the common carp, both of which accepting artificial feeds. An estimate of the trends is given by the production of cyprinids specifically produced by the polyculture of Chinese carps in China (especially the silver carp and the bighead) and the major Indian carp on the Indian subcontinent. The total production of all carp species has increased over the last decade but the rate of increase has slowed down after 1997 in China for the silver carp and the bighead. In general, the commercial value of cyprinids is low, about $1 per kg. To compensate for this low price the fish farmers are looking for intensification of production and for species of higher commercial value. In polyculture systems the availability of natural food is the main limiting factor. It is not possible to increase the productivity above 10/t/ha/year, as adding more external poor quality feeds, results in degradation of water quality and dysfunction of the ecosystem. A new form of polyculture in China is to intensify the production by feeding the fish with good quality manufactured feeds to avoid degradation of the water quality and to use silver carp and bighead to control the development of plaktonic blooms. There is then a tendency towards replacement of polyculture by intensive monoculture of cyprinids and by new and more valuable species (, sturgeon, American and African catfish). If polyculture systems were converted to monoculture or less efficient polyculture (using new species) this would result in a decrease of the world production of fish culture and of the global efficiency of aquaculture. In general, research programs carried out to develop polyculture are more focused on the fish (genetics, artificial feeding, disease) in china and on pond productivity (artificial substrates, use of periphyton) in India. These technical improvements should increase the profitability of polyculture and assure its future as an efficient food production system
Social and urban study of Carlton : programme
No full textProject No. 3 :Urban Studies Investigation Programme1. Analysis of survey and census material / by R. Billard -- 2. Analysis of survey and census material / by C. Hardwick -- 3. Census data: Drummond and Palmerston Streets / [Author unknown] -- 4. Census data, 1966 / [Author unknown] -- 5. Carlton urban study / G. Marshall -- 6. Carlton: population characteristics /J. Wade
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