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Layer descriptions and selected samples for radriometric ages of Łabajowa Cave
No full textFiles containing the description of the archeological and paleontological layers of Łabajowa Cave and the sampes sent for radiometric measures. In the first one (Layers) there is the detailed description of the layers compiled during the fieldwork campaing in 2020, in the second one (Samples) there is a list of the samples selected for the radiometric dates (Radiocarbon and OSL). These data consists in one of the first steps for our research project: "A palaeoecological approach to archaeological sites: The landscape of the human occupation between the late Middle Palaeolithic and Upper Palaeolithic in southern Poland" which aim is to reconstruct the timing and mode of the environment and climate change in the area, analizying several proxies such as fossil small mammals, charcoals, lipids, and other small vertebrates.These data were used in the cited publication for the description of the cave and the statements of the future perspectives.</p
The Upper Pleistocene mammal record from Caverna degli Orsi (San Dorligo della Valle – Dolina, Trieste, Italy): a faunal complex between Eastern and Western Europe
No full textDistribuzione ed evoluzione delle associazioni a piccoli mammiferi nella penisola italiana durante il Pleistocene superiore
No full textThis work focus on evolution of small mammals assemblages in the Italian peninsula during Upper Pleistocene and on the analysis of differences between synchronous faunas of various zones.
Data obtained from the study of micromammals of Caverna degli Orsi (San Dorligo della Valle, Dolina, Trieste), Ciota Ciara (Borgosesia, Vercelli) Riparo Mochi (Ventimiglia, Imperia), Grotta Paglicci (Rignano Garganico, Foggia) e Riparo Tagliente (Stallavena di Grezzana, Verona) have been presented in order to provide evidences from important Upper Pleistocene sequences and to throw light on this subject. For each species it has been given a brief description of systematics, ecology, geographic distribution and presumable modifications occurred during the last phases of Pleistocene. Furthermore, reviwing and rearranging before-known Italian sites, it was possible to make general remarks on environmental changes and on chronology of faunal associations under examination.
The analysis of small mammals shows that Italian peninsula can be divided into geographic zones presenting several different landscapes and biodiversity grades. Specifically, in northern Adriatic zone, Valpadana and piedmont bend species coming from Eastern Europe, such as Microtus oeconomus and Sicista betulina, are present; southern Adriatic zone is characterized by marked aridity and low biodiversity degree while southern Thyrrenian zone display richer assemblages normally associated with wooden environments.
Finally, all the results have been processed in order to suggest a biochronological model as detailed as possible, in which the most important sequences of Italian peninsula have been positioned and linked to the isotopic curve
Analisi archeozoologica dei reperti faunistici provenienti dal sito del Neolitico recente del Botteghino (PR)
No full textI reperti faunistici provenienti dal sito del Neolitico recente di Botteghino (Parma)
No full textIl sito di Botteghino è ubicato a circa 7 km a sud di Parma. Lo scavo ha messo in luce diverse strutture pertinenti a un abitato della cultura Chassey, databile al Neolitico recente. Complessivamente sono stati analizzati 1452 reperti, dei quali solo 218 sono stati determinati a causa dello stato di conservazione dei materiali. Il gruppo dei caprovini è maggiormente presente nei contesti dello scavo più importanti (66% NR), mentre il maiale risulta essere la seconda specie allevata. Il bue è la specie domestica meno rappresentata; la macellazione di questi animali in età adulta fa ipotizzare che fossero allevati prevalentemente per lo sfrutt amento della forza lavoro e per la produzione secondaria. Le uniche specie selvatiche rinvenute sono il cervo e il cinghiale, che non rappresentavano elementi importanti nell’economia della comunità neolitica del sito. In generale il sito di Botteghino rientra piutt osto bene nel quadro economico-ambientale emerso dal confronto con altri depositi archeologici dell’Italia settentrionale
The upper Pleistocene mammal record from Caverna degli Orsi (San Dorligo della Valle – Dolina, Trieste, Italy): A faunal complex between eastern and western Europe
No full textCaverna degli Orsi is located near S. Dorligo della Valle – Dolina in the Trieste Karst (NE Italy), at 360 m a.s.l. on the western slope of Monte Carso in Rosandra valley. The cave is tunnel-shaped, and the original access is at present completely buried by a debrisfall deposit that covers a wide area of the mountain side. Since the cave entrance closed, sedimentation rate and weathering processes have been very low inside the cave. Therefore, a paleosurface has been preserved with minor changes. Typical traces of the presence of Ursus spelaeus are evident on the floor surface and on the walls. Two excavation sondages were carried out by the Department of Archaeological Sciences of Pisa University between 1992 and 2006. Sondage A is the inner one, while sondage B is situated in the outer part of the cave, where the tunnel entrance is obstructed by a debrisfall coming from the slope.
The results of the faunal analysis, related to the possible connections with the faunal assemblages of Eastern Europe, are presented. Both stratigraphic sequences start from a flowstone, not dated but reputedly assigned to Eemian (MIS 5e). In the lowest layers of sondage B there are large mammals with warm indicators such as cf. Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis and Dama sp., in an association dominated by U.spelaeus. Among small mammals, common vole (Microtus arvalis) is dominant in both sequences. The presence of Dama sp. in the lowest levels, together with the assemblage of small mammals and stratigraphic considerations, allow a calibration of the two sequences from MIS 5 to MIS 2 (Late Pleistocene).
In both sondages 26 taxa of small mammals and 24 ones of large mammals have been found. The high biodiversity in the small mammal assemblage and the occurrence of Dinaromys bogdanovi, Balkan snow vole, together with Chionomys nivalis and northern and eastern European species, such as Microtus oeconomus, Sicista betulina, Cricetulus migratorius and Mesocricetus cf. newtoni mixed together with western ones confirms the presence in this geographical area of an ecotone, with Balkan and Western Mediterranean Europe biocoenoses in the Late Pleistocene
The palaeoecological meaning of macromammal remains from archaeological sites exemplified by the case study of Grotta Paglicci (Upper Palaeolithic, southern Italy)
No full textBone accumulation in Palaeolithic archaeological sites is often the result of activities carried out by hunter-gatherer
groups. Cultural choices may have influenced prey representation in archaeological assemblages, distorting their palaeoecological
meaning. We present a comparison between large mammal and small mammal assemblages from the Upper
Palaeolithic sequence of Grotta Paglicci (Apulia, southern Italy) that extends from the Marginally Backed Bladelet Aurignacian
(about 39,000 cal yr BP) to the Final Epigravettian (about 13,000 cal yr BP). At Paglicci, the high frequency of
horse and ibex remains indicates open and dry environments for most of the Upper Palaeolithic. This is confirmed by the
predominance of the common vole among small mammals. The alternation between horse and ibex, which takes place
during the Upper Palaeolithic, however, looks to be more related to variations in hunting territories. Taxon frequencies
change abruptly at 17,955–16,696 cal yr BP, with an increase in woodland-related ungulates together with micromammals,
indicating a climatic evolution towards milder and more humid conditions. Results demonstrate that when the
association of ungulate taxa is considered as a whole, it has a good palaeoecological signal, whilst considering taxa separately
can help to better understand cultural choices of past hunter-gatherer communities
Small mammals from Mondeval de Sora (San Vito di Cadore, Belluno): paleoenvironmental differences between early and late Holocene
No full textI resti fossili di micromammiferi provenienti da Mondeval de Sora (VF1, settore I e III) sono stati studiati allo scopo di ottenere una ricostruzione dell’ambiente nelle immediate vicinanze del sito durante l’Olocene. Lo studio tassonomico ha portato all’identificazione di 14 specie, mentre stru- menti statistici come l’indice di Simpson e il metodo dell’Habitat Weighting sono stati impiegati per esaminare l’insieme faunistico dal punto di vista biologico ed ecologico. Il settore I ha restituito un basso numero di resti (N.I. totale 24), mentre il settore III si è dimostrato più ricco (N.I. totale 148) permettendo di osservare attraverso la sequenza i cambiamenti ambientali avvenuti tra l’inizio e la fine dell’Olocene. In particolare, le variazioni nell’associazione di micromammiferi indicano il pas- saggio da un ambiente prativo con buona copertura del terreno durante l’inizio dell’Olocene (ma- cro-unità mesolitica) ad uno con scarsa copertura e rocce esposte durante la fine dell’Olocene (macro-unità protostorica e storica). Inoltre, la presenza di Sciurus vulgaris testimonia la vicinanza al sito di aree boschive, suggerendo un limite degli alberi probabilmente ad altitudine più elevata rispetto all’attuale
First record of Pelobates syriacus (Anura, Amphibia) in the Early Pleistocene of Italy
No full textSpadefoot toads (Pelobatidae, Anura) are rare in the Italian fossil record, being previously recorded only in the late Pliocene of Arondelli (Piedmont Region, northwestern Italy) and in the early Pleistocene of Pirro Nord P21 (Apulia, southeastern Italy). Here we describe for the first time abundant fossil remains of Pelobates syriacus from the lower Pleistocene fissure of Pirro Nord P13 (Apulia, southeastern Italy). These fossils shed new light on the palaeobiogeographical history of Pelobates in the Apennine Peninsula and are the first fossil evidence in Italy for P. syriacus, which currently lives in the southeastern Balkan Peninsula, Caucasus and the Middle East. This extralimital Italian occurrence suggests that P. syriacus has good dispersal abilities, when favourable conditions exist. Dispersal routes to reach the Apennine Peninsula during the early Pleistocene may have been favoured by a low level of the Adriatic Sea during a cold interval, furnishing a new habitat suitable for P. syriacus
Analisi archeozoologica sugli insediamenti tardomedievali e moderni di San Giacomo in Paludo (VE)
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