1,721,013 research outputs found
Genetic survey of polymorphic populations of Podarcis muralis (Sauria: Lacertidae) using molecular markers
No full textColor polymorphisms are widespread in nature and may show a high variability not only within the same
population, but also among populations of the same species., Color polymorphism is a common feature
among reptiles and is often linked to evolution of alternative strategies. Alternative and discrete color
morphs have been reported in the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis, which show six different ventral
colorations in both sexes: three pure phenotypes (i.e., white, yellow and red) and three intermediate phenotypes
(i.e., white-yellow, white-red and yellow-red). The relative frequencies of color morphs show micro-
geographic variations at local scale, which could be related to gene flow reduction among populations.
Therefore, in this work I studied genetic polymorphism by using molecular markers in order to assess
gene flow and dispersal among populations of common wall lizard, with the aim to describe the geographic
structure of polymorphic populations at local scale. Moreover, nuclear markers were used to investigate
the presence of genetic divergence among sympatric color morphs of common wall lizard
Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) (Rana di Lessona) / P. kl. esculentus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Rana esculenta)
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First report of adult Podarcis siculus (RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ, 1810) predation by Tarentola mauritanica (LINNAEUS, 1758)
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APPROCCIO INTEGRATO PER LA CARATTERIZZAZIONE DI POPOLAZIONI ALPINE DI Daphnia
No full textRecentemente, nel Parco Nazionale del Gran Paradiso (Alpi Italiane occidentali),
sono state scoperte popolazioni di Daphnia pigmentata di grandi
dimensioni (lunghezza massima: 3,4 mm). Morfologicamente ed ecologicamente,
esse risultano appartenere a Daphnia middendorffiana (Fischer,
1851), ampiamente distribuita nella regione artica, ma con alcune popolazioni
meridionali circoscritte alle zone montagnose.
In questo studio sono stati utilizzati marcatori molecolari mitocondriali
per quantificare il grado di differenziamento molecolare di queste popolazioni
ecologicamente e spazialmente isolate. Studi precedenti, infatti,
hanno spesso dimostrato come numerose specie congeneriche differiscano
geneticamente dalla morfospecie alla quale erano state precedentemente
assegnate.
Le analisi confermano l’appartenenza delle popolazioni alpine al gruppo
Daphnia pulex, evidenziando anche un buon differenziamento tra individui,
che popolano differenti laghi in un’area geografica circoscritta (in un
raggio di 6.1 km). Tale complessità può essere legata a differenti scenari
microevolutivi o alla variazione delle pressioni selettive a livello locale.
In questo lavoro sono descritte popolazioni di Daphnia, recentemente
scoperte, mediante l’uso di marcatori molecolari. I risultati ottenuti suggeriscono
come i metodi di classificazione tradizionali (i.e. morfologia,
ecologia e biogeografia) dovrebbero essere integrati con tecniche di analisi
molecolari al fine di chiarire lo status tassonomico e l’evoluzione delle
specie
EP2079613 (A2) - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PREDICTION OF A FALL OF A PERSON FROM A VEHICLE OR THE LIKE
No full textMethod for the prediction of a fall of a person from a vehicle or the like, comprising the steps of: a) measuring at least one component of the angular velocity of the person or the vehicle or the like; and b) calculating a risk index as instantaneous value of a risk function depending on said angular velocity; device apt to be mounted onto the body of a person or onto a vehicle or the like, implementing said method for the prediction of the fall
Analysis of racing motorcycle performance with additional considerations regarding the Mozzi axis.
No full textThe aim of this research is to develop techniques for the analysis of data measured in motorcycle races.
This analysis should highlight the most difficult parts of the circuits, the rider’s skill and effort, the
performance of the vehicle and the achievement of limit conditions for the vehicle and the tyres. Several
analysis techniques are presented and applied to manoeuvres carried out by different motorcycles both
on dry and wet tracks. Interesting results are obtained with a method based on the time rate of the
kinetic energy of orientation, and a criterion for identifying the most exacting phases of the manoeuvre
is proposed
Will there be a second extinction? Molecular identification of multiple alien water frogs (pelophylax ridibundus sensu lato) in tuscany, central Italy, reveals genetic pollution within a unique hybridogenetic system
No full textThe introduction of alien water frogs is perhaps one of the most underestimated herpetological conservation issues in Europe. The identification of distinct species is highly challenging at the phenotypic level, and artificial syntopy between various taxa and lineages may lead to diverse outcomes, including hybridisation and local extinction. In central Italy the native synklepton of Pelophylax bergeri (the parental taxon) and P. kl. (klepton) hispanicus (the hybridogenetic hybrid, which clonally transmits the genome of an extinct ridibundus-like taxon) is present. Until recently, data regarding the presence of alien water frogs in central Italy was scarce, and no alien taxa have been reported for Tuscany. In this study, four distinct non-native Pelophylax lineages have been identified via molecular analysis in the Cecina and Arno river basins and ascribed to the Marsh frog group (P. ridibundus sensu lato). Alien Pelophylax ridibundus, P. kurtmuelleri, and P. cf. bedriagae sensu stricto currently appear to be widespread in the Cecina basin. Furthermore, evidence of hybridisation with autochthonous taxa has been suggested by genetic analyses in four out of eight sampling localities. With a view to evaluate urgent conservation strategies, a greater sampling effort is required to assess the actual distribution and ecology of the alien lineages, and further research is necessary to measure their impact on the native hybridogenetic system of the central-southern Italian pool frogs
A molecular approach to conservational issues: the case of Austropotamobius italicus (Crustacea: Decapoda) in Northern Italy
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