1,721,132 research outputs found
The suppression of reflexive visual and auditory orienting when voluntary attention is engaged
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The Role of Vividness of Visual Mental Imagery on Different Dimensions of Creativity
No full textAlthough research demonstrated that people can mentally manipulate and synthesize visual elements into a creative object, the role that vividness of visual imagery plays on creative imagery is still unclear. This study explored the relationships between vividness of visual imagery and 3 dimensions of creative imagery: originality, practicality, and mental spatial transformations of visual elements. Fifty-three participants performed the creative mental synthesis task and completed the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ). Results revealed a positive relationship between vividness and the practicality dimension of objects. No relationship was found either between vividness and originality or between vividness and transformational complexity. The association vividness-practicality seems to reflect the ability to use pictorial information of imagery when people generate functional objects that belong to specific categories. Future research directions are discussed. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Psychophysiological methods to evaluate user's response in human robot interaction: A review and feasibility study
No full textImplementing psychophysiological measures is a worthwhile approach for understanding human reaction to robot presence in terms of individual emotional state. This paper reviews the suitability of using psychophysiological assessment in human-robot interaction (HRI) research. A review of most common psychophysiological parameters used in a controlled laboratory setting is provided and advantages and challenges of their utilization in HRI experiments are described. Exemplar studies focused on the implementation of psychophysiological measures for the evaluation of the emotional responses of the participants to the robots' presence are described. Based on the reviewed literature, the paper also describes the results of our own research experience to make the most of the emerged recommendations. We planned and performed a study aimed at implementing psychophysiological measurements for assessing the human response of two groups of older adults (Healthy vs. Mild Cognitive Impairment subjects) towards a telepresence robot. Finally, the paper provides a summary of lessons learned across the field in using psychophysiological measures in HRI studies
The suppression of reflexive visual and auditory orienting when attention is otherwise engaged.
No full textTwo experiments were conducted to examine whether abrupt onsets are capable of reflexively capturing
attention when they occur outside the current focus of spatial attention, as would be expected if
exogenous orienting operates in a truly automatic fashion. The authors established a highly focused
attentional state by means of the central presentation of a stream of visual or auditory characters, which
participants sometimes had to monitor. No intramodal reflexive cuing effects were observed in either
audition or vision when participants performed either an exogenous visual or auditory orthogonal cuing
task together with the central focused attention task. These results suggest that reflexive unimodal
orienting is not truly automatic. The fact that cuing effects were eliminated under both unimodal and
cross-modal conditions is consistent with the view that auditory and visual reflexive spatial orienting are
controlled by a common underlying neural substrate
The influence of the exploration interface on blind subjects' mental representation of sonified geographic maps
No full textExtended sources of the main events of the Umbria-Marche (1997) seismic sequence inverted from geophysical data
No full textThe three largest events of the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Italy) sequence occurred on September 26, 1997 at 00:33
GMT (Event 1, MW=5.7) and 09:40 GMT (Event 2, MW=6.0) in the Colfiorito area and on the October 14, 1997
at 15:23 (Event 3, MW=5.6) in the Sellano area. The availability of different sets of geodetic and seismological
data allowed several studies to characterize the extended sources of events 1-3. In this work, I review some of
the studies that obtain the properties of the seismic sources by inversion of available data. Generally these studies
assume the seismic sources as dislocations or distributions of equivalent point sources in elastic half-spaces.
Following their chronological order, they model increasing complexities of the sources by using an increasing
number of data. Some of the differences between results obtained, such as the top edge depth estimates, are
shown to be due to the different approaches used. Commonly a 1-D crustal model is used in inverting strongmotion
data. Instead homogeneous elastic half-spaces are mainly assumed in inverting geodetic data to obtain
the three main sources of the 1997 Umbria-Marche sequence. Assuming the same crustal structure is important
to make comparable results obtained analyzing seismological data or geodetic data separately, as it has been
done till now for this sequence.JCR Journalope
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