1,720,995 research outputs found
Children and Adolescents’ psychopathologyafter trauma: new preventive psychotherapeutic strategies
No full textStress is a physical response to an undesirable situation. Mild stress can result from missing the bus, standing in a long line at the store or getting a parking ticket. Stress can also be severe. Divorce, family problems, an assault, or the death of a loved one, for example, can be devastating. One of the most common sources of both mild and severe stress is work. Stress can be short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic). Acute stress is a reaction to an immediate threat - either real or perceived. Chronic stress involves situations that aren't short-lived, such as relationship problems, workplace pressures, and financial or health worries. Stress is an unavoidable consequence of life. As Hans Selye (who coined the term as it is currently used) noted, "Without stress, there would be no life". However, just as distress can cause disease, it seems plausible that there are good stresses that promote wellness. Stress is not always necessarily harmful. Winning a race or an election can be just as stressful as losing, or more so, but may trigger very different biological responses. Increased stress results in increased productivity up to a point. This new book deals with the dazzling complexity of this good-bad phenomenon and presents up-to-date research from throughout the world
Promoting resilience and psychological well-being in vulnerable life stages
No full textThe magnitude of children and adolescentmental disorders, taken with the limited investments andavailability of services, argue for preventive and earlytreatment interventions capable of promoting healthy developmentand psychological well-being, both bystrengthening protective factors and reducing risk factors
Violence and Trauma: Evidence-basedAssessment and Intervention in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
No full textThis chapter presents an overview of trauma as it relates to children and adolescents and a critical review of literature, focusing on some of the most relevant and controversial clinical and research topics, unanswered questions, and the need for further research
Alternatives to debriefing and modifications to cognitive-behavior therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder
No full textWell-being therapy in school settings: A pilot study
No full textBackground: There is increasing interest in the psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and psychological well-being. It is conceivable that activation of such mechanisms in the school setting may entail long-term benefits, both in terms of the developmental process and of prevention of distress. This study wants to apply and test the efficacy of a school-based intervention protocol derived from well-being therapy (WBT) compared to cognitive-behavioral strategies. Methods:School interventions were performed in a population of 111 students randomly assigned to: (a) a protocol using theories and techniques derived from cognitive-behavioral therapy; (b) a protocol derived from WBT. Assessment before and after interventions was performed using two self-rating scales: Kellner's Symptom Questionnaire and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales. Results: Both school-based interventions resulted in a comparable improvement in symptoms and psychological well-being. Conclusions: This new well-being-enhancing strategy could play an important role in the prevention of psychological distress in school settings and in promoting optimal human functioning among children. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Base
Psychosomatic Medicine is a Comprehensive Field, Not a Synonym for Consultation Liaison Psychiatry
No full textWithdrawal Symptoms after Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Discontinuation: A Systematic Review.
No full textBackground: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are widely used in medical practice. They have been associated with a broad range of symptoms, whose clinical meaning has not been fully appreciated. Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were followed to conduct a systematic review of the literature. Titles, abstracts, and topics were searched using the following terms: 'withdrawal symptoms' OR 'withdrawal syndrome' OR 'discontinuation syndrome' OR 'discontinuation symptoms', AND 'SSRI' OR 'serotonin' OR 'antidepressant' OR 'paroxetine' OR 'fluoxetine' OR 'sertraline' OR 'fluvoxamine' OR 'citalopram' OR 'escitalopram'. The electronic research literature databases included CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, PubMed and Web-of-Science from inception of each database to July 2014. Results: There were 15 randomized controlled studies, 4 open trials, 4 retrospective investigations, and 38 case reports. The prevalence of the syndrome was variable, and its estimation was hindered by a lack of case identification in many studies. Symptoms typically occur within a few days from drug discontinuation and last a few weeks, also with gradual tapering. However, many variations are possible, including late onset and/or longer persistence of disturbances. Symptoms may be easily misidentified as signs of impending relapse. Conclusions: Clinicians need to add SSRI to the list of drugs potentially inducing withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation, together with benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and other psychotropic drugs. The term 'discontinuation syndrome' that is currently used minimizes the potential vulnerabilities induced by SSRI and should be replaced by 'withdrawal syndrome'
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