1,721,162 research outputs found

    One changing and challenging scenario: the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastases by bisphosphonates and denosumab, the cost-benefit evaluation of different options, and the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)

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    Antiresorptive drugs (bisphosphonates and denosumab) have become the cornerstone of medical supportive treatment of bone metastases in solid cancer patients. In the beginning, the choice of available antiresorptive agents was limited to bisphosphonates and the treatment options restricted principally to monthly pamidronate and monthly zoledronic acid. Introduction of new antiresorptive therapies (monthly denosumab) and schedules (zoledronic acid every 3 months, upfront or after initial period of monthly infusion) in the last decade increased the range of available options, thus challenging treatment decision making. Direct and indirect costs of very different treatment options are difficult to interpret in a global cost-benefit analysis. In addition, awareness of the increased risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in bone metastatic cancer patients receiving long-term antiresorptive medications is likely to influence therapy choice in the real-life scenario. We discuss the possible threat of MRONJ risk underestimation and the need for long-term risk stratification of patients based on actuarial data, the role of bisphosphonates and denosumab in that scenario, and the emerging role of surgical therapy to successfully cure MRONJ, in the light of the improved quality of life and survival of patients with bone metastases from solid cancers

    Replacement of fractured reconstruction plate with customised mandible implant: A novel technique

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    In the case presented the authors faced up to the urgent necessity of lateral mandibular reconstruction in a patient affected by multiple myeloma who had already experienced two consecutives ruptures of conventional load-bearing plate. Given the insufficient remaining bone surface for stable plate fixation, especially at the proximal condylar segment, further plate substitution with standard method was not practicable. Moreover, patient’s progressive declining in health, highly contraindicated mandibular reconstruction with vascularized bone graft. Therefore, it was decided to virtually plan and fabricate a customized mandible-like titanium prototyped plate, which was pre-shaped according to the individual anatomical bone conditions. The solution proposed may represent a valid option for the substitution of fractured/displaced mandibular reconstruction plates under complex anatomical conditions
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