8 research outputs found
Book Review: Securing Peace: State-Building and Economic Development in Post-Conflict Countries
No full textBook Title: Securing Peace: State-Building and Economic Development in Post-Conflict CountriesBook Authors: Richard Krozul-Wright and Piergiuseppe Fortunato (Eds.)Bloomsbury Academic, Published in Association with the United Nations, 2011, x+226 pp
Evaluation of the components in pre-conflict and post-conflict phases of peace-building
No full textThis work presents the evaluation of the components in pre-conflict and post conflict phases of peace-building. The paper identified some research problems which includes the difficulty in peace building agents in determining the right kind of intervention measures that addresses the various phases of peace-building. The study main objective is to determine the component of the various phases of peace-building measures. The methodology applied is the qualitative research design which includes the use of secondary sources such as journals and text books in data generation and qualitative analysis. Among the findings reached is that, the components of the pre-conflict phase of peace-building include peace advocacy and conflict prevention measures. Components of conflict phase include peace-keeping, peace-enforcement, and ceasefire measures, and the post-conflict phase include Demobilization, Disarmament and Rehabilitation (DDR) of ex-combatants and reconstructive recovery projects. Among the recommendation made is that, there should be increased peace advocacy, conflict prevention in the pre-conflict phase, quick use of peace-keeping, peace-enforcement, ceasefire, buffer zone, in the conflict phase, and high level of reconstructive recovery projects in the post conflict phase of any peace-building measure.
Keywords: Conflict, Intervention, Peace, Components, Peace-Building, Evaluation
THE SOCIOECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS OF ETHNIC IDENTITY AND ELECTORAL VIOLENCE DURING THE 2023 GENERAL ELECTIONS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThis study examines the socioeconomic and political dynamics of ethnic identity and electoral violence in Lagos State during the 2023 general elections. The elections exposed deep-seated ethnic tensions, voter suppression, and violence, driven by cultural heritage, socioeconomic disparities, and political representation. Grounded in Social Identity Theory, the study employed a mixed-methods approach, collecting survey data from 400 respondents across six Local Government Areas. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses revealed that group solidarity (β = 0.265, p < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of electoral violence, particularly in Alimosho (19.8%) and Ojo - Alaba (25%). Ethnic identity significantly influenced voting patterns, reinforcing political polarization and disputes over representation. While community engagement and security interventions were implemented, structural inequalities and ethnic-based mobilization remained key challenges. The study recommends inclusive governance, strengthened inter-ethnic dialogue, and electoral reforms to mitigate ethnic-driven electoral violence in Lagos State
Socio-economic deprivation and intended migration abroad among Abuja residents in North Central, Nigeria.
No full textOut-migration of Nigerians has become a persistent global issue, contributing to brain drain and shortages of skilled professionals in different sectors such as healthcare, information technology, engineering, and education. Despite growing concerns about this situation, little has been done to address the root causes of migration in Nigeria adequately. Unfortunately, many Nigerians are of the view that migration is the only viable solution to socio-economic challenges such as limited employment opportunities, poor infrastructure, inadequate social support, and systemic inequality. This study, therefore, investigates migration in Nigeria, with a focus on socio-economic deprivation. N-100 structured questionnaires were distributed in Abuja. The following research questions were addressed: What form of socio-economic deprivation do Nigerians experience? How do these deprivations influence their decisions to migrate? What are the most effective ways to mitigate these deprivations? To address these questions, primary data were collected through key informant interviews and qualitative analysis of social media discussions on migration, while secondary data were drawn from relevant literature. The study is framed within the confines of the relative deprivation and push-pull theories of Migration as expanded by contemporary scholars. The study examines the relationship between socio-economic deprivation and the intention to migrate abroad among residents of Abuja, Nigeria. Focusing on socio-economic deprivation indices, the study employed an explanatory concurrent mixed-methods design (QUAN-qual) using purposive sampling. Data were collected from 100 intended migrants in Abuja through questionnaires and from 6 key informants via interviews. Quantitative data were analysed with SPSS using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analysed with Atlas. The thrust of the paper is that socio-economic deprivation indices are the driving force for intended emigration among Abuja residents in North-central Nigeria. The study therefore recommends viable citizen-driven policies to address the underlying challenges of emigration in Nigeria.
 
Tradition, Authenticity and Contemporaneity in Hussein Mroueh's The Materialist Tendencies in Arab-Islamic Philosophy
No full textBou Ali, Nadia
Sbaiti, NadyaIn 1978, Hussein Mroueh published a four-volume history of medieval Islamic philosophy, an-nazaʿat al-maddiyya fi-l-falsafa al-ʿarabiyya al-islamiyya (The Materialist Tendencies in Arab-Islamic Philosophy), the pinnacle of his career as one of the leading intellectuals in Lebanon during the 20th century. This thesis is an attempt to draw out the political claims the author explicitly makes in his study, the significance of which has hitherto been ignored by the limited reception the work has received outside of the Arab world. Mroueh’s turn to the Arab-Islamic heritage (turath) and his desire to impart a sense of authenticity (asala) to the movement for Arab national liberation might bear the marks of a militant cultural nationalism, but I argue that his critique, reformulation and appropriation of these terms is the work’s most distinguishing feature. I arrive at this argument by way of a close textual analysis of the work’s introduction, along with an examination of the political and theoretical field in which the work was published. I then attempt to draw the philosophical and political-theoretical significance of Mroueh’s two most salient formulations: the role of the present in the production of tradition, and the notion of authenticity as a state of being determined by the contradictions inherent in any social structure. This final discussion is based on an alternative conceptual history of the terms Mroueh utilises, which will also lead to a consideration of how different accounts of the ‘transmission’ of the language of politics under colonialism determines readings of intellectual production in the postcolony
The Impact of The Absurd on Modern Arabic Literature: A Study of the Influence of Camus, Ionesco and Beckett (Theater, Ikhlasi, Hakim, Idris, Mahfuz)
No full textOne of the most problematic issues in Arabic literature has been the opposition between tajd(')id or innovation, and the two principles which have traditionally governed Arabic literature: turath, or heritage, and asala, roots. Tajd(')id has gradually asserted its own as Arabic literature has adopted new genres and opened up new horizons for Arabic writers.One such departure is the Absurd. Its introduction into the Arab world in the late fifties was a subject of bitter conflict. The traditionalists completely reject the movement on the basis that it is a foreign import and alien to Arab society. The acculturalists defend the Absurd as reflective of both the overall modernization of the Arab world and of local cultural elements long ignored by Arab critics.The Absurd in Arabic literature has taken three distinct directions which are modelled on the three Western figures: Camus, Ionesco and Beckett.Camus established the conceptual framework providing the philosophical basis for the trend. Writers such as Naguib Mahfuz, Muta' al-Safadi, and Hani al-Rahib approach the Absurd from an existentialist point of view and portray the angst and alienation of the individual in an incomprehensible universe.To Ionesco, Arabic Absurdism owes the introduction of the comical element as well as aspects of Surrealism. Writers such as Sa'as Allah Wannous, Tawfiq al-Hakim and 'Abdul Mun'im Salim display a playful attitude towards time and space and are more concerned with demonstrating the absurdity of rational discourse than with the construction of any systematized world view.Beckett provides a more grim, nihilistic approach. Though Yusef Idris understands the humor of Beckett and uses it, his final conclusion, as well as that of both Walid Ikhlasi and Riyadh 'Ismat, is overwhelmingly pessimistic.Though its influence was restricted primarily to the late fifties through the early seventies, the Absurd has played a decisive role in jolting Arabic writing out of the rut of traditional realism into a more experimental conceptualization of the nature of art and literature. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-16T06:50:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 1986Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 71639
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only245 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1986
A study of the language of selected 15th and 16th century aljamiado manuscripts.
No full textPhDThis thesis consists of a survey of the linguistic features
of datable aljamiado manuscripts, taken as nearly as possible
at twenty year intervals from 1429 to 1597, with the purpose of
ascertaining to what extent Morisco writings in Arabic character
shed any light on contemporary Spanish pronunciation and whether
any chronology of sound-change in Castilian can be recorded from
the collated evidence. The chief features examined are initial
F-, the sibilants, the plosive and fricative value of d and the
possibility of early instances of yeïsmo. On the whole it has been
found that the Moriscos were not innovators and the language of
even late sixteenth-century manuscripts still shows forms current
at the beginning of the century. The thesis includes transcriptions
of extracts from MSS. B.N.5319, J.1, B.N.5073/6/7/12, B.N. 4908/1,
B.N. 5364, T.13, T.16, B.N.5223 and J.30. There is also a Glossar
