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    The Role of Regulations, Economic Growth and Traditional Values in Shaping the Corporate Environment: The Case of South Korean Chaebols

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    In Corea del Sud i Chaebol rappresentano degli importanti conglomerati industriali e sono generalmente gestiti e controllati da una famiglia. Queste grandi conglomerate hanno un fondamentale impatto e un potere economico significativo all’interno del Paese. In aggiunta, in Europa è impossibile trovare attori paragonabili ai chaebol; per questa ragione, il loro studio dal punto di vista occidentale diventa ancora più interessante. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di fornire una panoramica del ruolo e delle funzioni dei chaebol, con un focus sulle caratteristiche che li contraddistinguono. Dopo aver provveduto a un’analisi comparata con il caso dei grandi conglomerati giapponesi, i keiretsu (che hanno sostituito le zaibatsu), il presente lavoro vuole fornire un approfondimento sulla particolare regolamentazione di questa tipologia di gruppo aziendale – che non dispone di una configurazione giuridica precisa – basata sull’interazione tra diritto societario e diritto della concorrenza, rappresentato in Corea del Sud dal Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act. In conclusione, questo studio vuole presentare un’approfondita analisi dell’origine della cultura d’impresa in Corea che può essere in parte compresa analizzando principi tradizionali che hanno influenzato il Paese per secoli.South Korean Chaebols are family-led prominent conglomerates with substantial financial impact and significant economic power within and outside the nation. Similar economic actors cannot be found in Europe, so they are highly intriguing from several perspectives and deserve greater attention from experts in the Western world. This study aims to provide an overview of the role and functioning of chaebols, with a specific focus on the system’s unique characteristics. This study will compare different conglomerate systems, specifically focusing on Japan and the keiretsu (formerly zaibatsu) companies. Furthermore, chaebols represent an uncommon endeavour to regulate business groups with a very vague legal configuration. This work will study the regulations founded on the interplay between corporate law and competition law, represented in Korea by the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act. Lastly, this work will analyse the country’s corporate culture. The Chaebol system is, in fact, rooted in a specific form of corporate culture that can be understood by examining the fundamental principles that have influenced the country for centuries

    Modelling bonding failure effects in deteriorated concrete elements of bridges

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    Nowadays, the seismic study of corroded reinforced concrete elements is a matter of increasing concern, in particular as regards links such as bridges in infrastructural networks. As the first step in an ongoing research, a prestressed concrete bridge overpass (continuous two spans with one central pier between the bents) was selected to perform response spectrum seismic analyses considering corrosion degradation. This was based on the development of a finite element model of the structure and allowed the assessment of the degrading seismic capacity of the reinforced concrete bridge pier at different periods caused by general and pitting corrosion. For this purpose, corrosion models from existing literature were used. An unchecked factor of this first research step is that corrosion can also affect bonding between the longitudinal reinforcing bars and concrete, thus increasingly reducing ductility and safety performance. Moreover, in a corroded structure bond strength and confinement capacity can also decrease due to the transverse reinforcement area loss, and concrete cover cracking and spalling. The new step developed in this work focuses on the bonding failure effects due to corrosion processes and how this affects the seismic performance of the deteriorated pier. The analysis is based on the introduction and validation of an empirical model for the assessment of the remaining bonding in corroded concrete elements with respect to experimental results

    Bond deterioration effects on corroded RC bridge pier in seismic zone

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    The effects of corrosion focusing on the consequences of bond strength deterioration for a reinforced concrete bridge pier in a seismic affected area are examined in this research. A bond degradation model based on the local bond stress-slip model presented in FIB Model Code 2010 is chosen. A motorway overpass object of a previous study, which considered the rebars cross-section reduction effect only, has been selected to assess the seismic capacity of the corroded pier in the time domain when bond degradation due to corrosion is also taken into account. The modification of strength capacity and ductility of the structural element is analyzed and the effect of corrosion during the whole service life of the structure is obtained. It is concluded that the effect of bond degradation is more critical for the safety of the pier than the effect of rebars cross-section loss
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