1,721,303 research outputs found
An integrated socio-cyber-physical system framework to assess responsible digitalisation in agriculture: A first application with Living Labs in Europe
Full text linkMetta, M., Ciliberti, S., Obi, C., Bartolini, F., Klerkx, L., & Brunori, G. (2022). An integrated socio-cyber-physical system framework to assess responsible digitalisation in agriculture: A first application with Living Labs in Europe. Agricultural Systems, 203, 103533
Trends in Model-Based Coding of Multidimensional Medical Data
No full textThis Chapter presents an overview on the state-of-the-art in the ̄eld of medical image coding. After a brief description of the more representative 2-D and 3-D compression algorithms, a versatile model-based coding scheme for three-dimensional medical is introduced. The potential of the proposed system is due to the fact that it copes with many of the characteristic requirements of the medical imaging field without sacrificing the compression effciency. Among the most interesting features are progressively refinable up-to-lossless quality of the decoded information, object-based functionalities and the possibility to decode a single 2-D im-
age of the dataset. Furthermore, such features can be combined enabling a swift access to any two-dimensional object of any image of interest with refinable quality. The price to pay is an overhead in the bitstream which slightly degrades the compression performance. Though, the possibility to focus the decoding process on a specific region of a certain 2-D image
allows a very effcient access to the information of interest, which can be recovered with the desired up-to lossless quality. We believe this is an important feature for a coding system meant to be used for medical applications, which largely compensates for the eventual loss in compression that could be implied
The Common Agricultural Policy and the determinants of Changes in EU farm size
No full textStructural change provides the possibility of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the entire agricultural sector through a better allocation of productive factors. Amongst the productive factors, land is the one that most often limits farm development. This paper seeks to identify determinants of intended changes in farm size (represented by farmed area and measured as a reduction, expansion or no change) identified as stated intentions expressed through survey information, under two different Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) scenarios: (1) the Baseline, characterised by the Health Check policy as of 2009; and (2) a No-CAP scenario, assuming the elimination of all CAP payments and regulatory measures. Results highlight that CAP abolishment strongly reduces the intention to increase the amount of farmed area; the determinants of change in farmed area also change sharply amongst the two scenarios. Geographic variables, and farm characteristics such as farm organisation and the number of on-farm employees are relevant to explain the farmed area expansion. On the contrary, without the CAP, the relation between household and farm has strong effects on the different directions of change of farmed area. The results confirm that the different single payments scheme models affect the changes in demand of landStructural change provides the possibility of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the entire agricultural sector through a better allocation of productive factors. Amongst the productive factors, land is the one that most often limits farm development. This paper seeks to identify determinants of intended changes in farm size (represented by farmed area and measured as a reduction, expansion or no change) identified as stated intentions expressed through survey information, under two different Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) scenarios: (1) the Baseline, characterised by the Health Check policy as of 2009; and (2) a No-CAP scenario, assuming the elimination of all CAP payments and regulatory measures. Results highlight that CAP abolishment strongly reduces the intention to increase the amount of farmed area; the determinants of change in farmed area also change sharply amongst the two scenarios. Geographic variables, and farm characteristics such as farm organisation and t..
From Insalubrious Housing to Unauthorized Neighborhoods: The Conceptualization of Urban Informality in Italy, 1880s–1960s
No full textUnderstanding the spatial agglomeration of participation in agri-environmental schemes: The case of the Tuscany Region
Full text linkAgri-environmental schemes (AESs) constitute one of the main agricultural policy instruments that address environmental objectives in the Common Agricultural Policy. However, in spite of a 20-year application window and large budgetary shares allocated by EU member states, several studies demonstrate lower-than-expected environmental impacts. The reasons for poor environmental outcomes are the lack of targeting, low participation rates, spatial heterogeneity, and information asymmetry between farmers and public administrators. This study comprehensively analyses the determinants of AES adoption while highlighting patterns of the spatial agglomeration of participation in organic and integrated production. For this, we combine the results of farm-level adoption analysis with a spatial analysis of the participation rate. The results show that both microand meso-level characteristics strongly impact AES participation. In fact, farm and household structure, quality of extension services, and territorial conditions all significantly affect AES adoption
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