1,721,385 research outputs found
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
No full textMetro G, Finocchiaro G, Toschi L, Bartolini S, Magrini E, Cancellieri A, Trisolini R, Castaldini L, Tallini G, Crino' L, Cappuzzo F. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Reviews on recent clinical trials. 2006;1:1-13
A Cache-aware program transformation technique suitable for embedded systems
No full textIn embedded systems caches are very precious for keeping low the memory bandwidth and to allow employing slow and narrow off-chip devices. Conversely, the power and die size resources consumed by the cache force the embedded system designers to use small and simple cache memories. This kind of caches can experience poor performance because of their not flexible placement policy. In this scenario, a big fraction of the misses can originate from the mismatch between the cache behavior and the memory accesses' locality features (conflict misses). In this paper we analyze the conflict miss phenomenon and define a cache utilization measure. Then we propose an object level Cache Aware allocation Technique (CAT) to transform the application to fit the cache structure, minimize the number of conflict misses and maximize cache exploitation. The solution transforms the program layout using the standard functionalities of a linker. The CAT approach allowed the considered applications to deliver the same performance on two times and sometimes four times smaller caches. Moreover the CAT improved programs on direct-mapped caches outperformed the original versions on set-associative caches. In this way, the results highlight that our approach can help embedded system designers to meet the system requirements with smaller and simpler cache memories. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Party adaptation and change and the crisis of democracy
No full textThis article is the introduction to a special issue of articles written in honour of Peter Mair. The general theme of the issue is party adaptation and change, which is traced here through an analysis of contributions by Peter Mair as an individual author or with co-authors. The result is an assessment of the current state of the art of what can be cumulatively considered Peter Mair's theory of party adaptation and of the debate it has generated up to and including the contributions included in the special issue itself
Effect of nitrogen fertilization on sorghum for biomass production
No full textTwo field experiments were carried out in 2005 and 2006 in central Italy in order to
evaluate the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates (0, 50 100 and 150 kg ha-1) on
flowering date, plant height, biomass production and partitioning (leaves, panicles and stems) and
biomass quality of a sorghum hybrid (H133). Sorghum showed a high potential in terms of
biomass production without N fertilization (18.5 t ha-1 of d.m. in 2005 and 26.6 t ha-1 of d.m. in
2006). The rate that maximized the biomass production was 100 kg ha-1 of N, increasing the
biomass dry weight by 23.8% in 2005 and 18.8% in 2006, with respect to unfertilized sorghum;
higher N rates are not advisable in order to avoid increasing fertilization costs and environmental
impact without benefit of greater biomass production. The two highest N rates when combined
with low water availability appeared to increase the rate of plant development, causing earlier
flowering and increasing the percentage of panicles in total biomass. Higher heating value
(HHV), lower heating value (LHV) and ash concentration of biomass varied among N rates, with
values of HHV and LHV lower for unfertilized sorghum (17.6 and 16.7 MJ kg-1 d.m.,
respectively) than when N was applied (from 19.0 to 19.7 and from 18.1 to 18.8 MJ kg-1 d.m.,
respectively); on the contrary, ash concentration was greater for unfertilized sorghum (7.5% d.m.)
than for fertilized sorghum (from 5.8 to 6.7% d.m.). This research showed the high potential of
sorghum in terms of biomass production also when cultivated with limited irrigation and
fertilization inputs. The biomass dry yield obtained by one hectare of sorghum crop without N
nitrogen fertilization (i.e. 22.6 t ha-1 of d.m., average of 2005 and 2006 values) produces the same
energy, by thermal utilisation, of 9.3 toe, that is equivalent to energy produced by 10,385 L of
diesel fuel or 11,097 m3 of methane fuel. This aspect increases the certainty of the energetic and
environmental sustainability of sorghum crop
Alcuni aspetti dell'attività metabolica nelle gemme a fiore di mandorlo in relazione alla tolleranza al freddo
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Osservazioni sulla tolleranza al freddo delle gemme a fiore in due cultivar di albicocco
No full textFlexible task-DAG management in PHAST library: Data-parallel tasks and orchestration support for heterogeneous systems
No full textHeterogeneous architectures proved successful in achieving unprecedented performance and energy-efficiency. However, taking advantage of these diverse processing elements is still hard. Programmers need to code through the different approaches suitable for each target architecture and need to decide the distribution of activities on the different resources. The majority of current frameworks focuses on either performance or productivity. The former mainly provides low-level target-specific programming interfaces, and the latter offers high-level tools that often fail in achieving high-performance. In both cases, the design is usually data-parallel, as task-parallelism is not supported. In this work, we propose a task-based solution within the data-parallel heterogeneous single-source PHAST library. Tasks can be coded in a target-agnostic fashion, can be compiled and parallelized on multi-core CPUs and NVIDIA GPUs automatically and support the choice of the execution platform at runtime. We evaluate the capabilities of the proposed task-directed acyclic graph support in case of an extensive set of randomly generated task-based applications with different sizes and characteristics. We compare it against a SYCL implementation in terms of performance and complexity metrics, highlighting that PHAST achieves about 1.56× and 2.60× speedup over SYCL for multi-core CPU and GPU, respectively, while improving also code complexity metrics
Indagine sull'attività di un biostimolante nella reazione di incompatibilità gametofitica del mandorlo
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