385 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
7 M's for Chad
No full textThere is a hunger and malnutrition problem in Chad. We propose that Heifer International initiate a project site in Yao, Chad
On the Steps of Barry Hall
No full textThe CBC Community poses on the steps of Barry Hall.
Front Row, Left to Right: I. Leo O'Donnell, Camillus Dufresne, Bernard LoCoco, Louis Althaus, Emery Hogan.
Second Row, Left to Right: Justin Lucian, Tony Pisano, Lawrence Egbert, Clair Battersby, Edmund Whaley, Dominic Dunn, Philip Morgan.
Third Row, Left to Right: Jerome Wegener, unidentified, Norman McCarthy, Alfred Moroni, Cyril Conroy, Robert Staub.
Top Row, Left to Right: Carl Koch, Vincent O'Neill, Vincent Malham, Edward Doody, Marvin Becker, Chad Baker
Equity in unequal deductions : implications of income tax rules in Ghana and Nigeria
No full textIn many African countries, the amount of personal deduction for income tax purposes increases with the taxpayer's income. At first glance, this appears to give larger tax breaks to the rich than to the poor. On closer examination, this notion turns out to be false. As this paper shows, each tax system with"income dependent tax deductions"(IDTDs) is fully equivalent to a particular conventional progressive tax system with standard deductions. One implication for comparative tax research is that the tax schedule of a country that uses IDTDs should not be compared directly with a conventional tax schedule in another country. Existing cross-country work on tax deductions and marginal tax rates generally fails to recognize that IDTDs invalidate a straightforward comparison. To make the two systems comparable, a transformation like the one suggested in this paper is needed.Public Sector Economics&Finance,Environmental Economics&Policies,Tax Policy and Administration,Taxation&Subsidies,Governance Indicators
An analysis of the role of the organization of African unity in settlement of intra-regional conflict: the case of the Republic of Chad, 1985
No full textThe purpose of this study is to critically analyze the role of the Organization of African Unity in finding a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict using the Republic of Chad as a case study. It is a truism that since the Republic of Chad gained independence from France in 1960, the Chadians have not witnessed any political stability. This study is premised on the assumption that the root cause of the conflict in Chad is due to French colonialism and neo-colonialism that have continued to impinge upon the Chadians even after political independence had been achieved; that the inability of the OAU to find a solution to the conflict is due to foreign intervention. Moreover, different political ideologies that have divided the Organization of African Unity into three groups, namely, the Monrovia, the Casablanca and the Brazzaville Twelve have been an impediment to the OAU in its efforts in effecting a peaceful settlement for intra-regional conflict such as the Chadian conflict. The two methodologies employed in this research are descriptive and historical analyses. The study maintains that it is because of the historical subjugation and subordination of the Chadian socio-economic formation by the French imperialists, that the Republic of Chad has been made to serve the French interests instead of serving the interests of the Chadians. The study suggests that if the Republic of Chad is to be successful in achieving political and economic independence, it must wage war against neo-colonialism and petty-bourgeois elements who are aligning themselves with the imperialists to destabilize the political economy of the country. Our analysis of the OAU's role in Chad shows that no stone was left unturned to bring a lasting solution to the Chadian conflict; but the noble efforts of the OAU could not possibly bear fruit because the OAU has so far not had much success in implementing its policy of resisting foreign intervention in essentially African conflicts
Interpreting the coefficient of schooling in the human capital earnings function
No full textThe"human capital earnings function"(HCEF) has become a fundamental tool in research on earnings, wages, and incomes in industrial and developing economies. It is accepted procedure in litigation about earnings, such as cases involving the value of lost earnings due to injury, death, or discrimination. It is also often used to make educational policy decisions based on estimates of the rate of return from schooling. The HCEF relates the natural logarithm of earnings to investments in human capital measured in time, such as years of schooling and years of post-school work experience. Among its desirable features: 1) it is not an ad hoc specification; it is derived from an identity. So the coefficients of the equation have economic interpretations; 2) it uses data effieciently; 3) it is flexible, allowing for easy incorporations of variables appropriate for a particular study; and 4) the coefficients of the HCEF are devoid of units, facilitating comparisons across space (such as countries) or across time periods (such as decades). In estimating the rate of return from schooling, the coefficient of the schooling variable is often interpreted as the rate of return from schooling. This may be the correct interpretation but the author shows that in principle -and in many circumstances- it is not. He also discusses the effects on the coeffiecient of schooling of the treatment of the labor supply (weeks worked and hours worked per week) and other measures of labor market outcomes,Teaching and Learning,Fiscal&Monetary Policy,Labor Policies,Education Reform and Management,Environmental Economics&Policies,Teaching and Learning,Environmental Economics&Policies,Education Reform and Management,Poverty Assessment,Inequality
Championship Basketball Team
No full textUintah High School championship basketball team pose with their trophy at the school. From left are, front, Mike Tunnell, manager; Gary Wilkins, Duane Hanberg, Doug Chivers and Rex Hadlock. Back, Coach Doug Moon, Roger Peterson, Richard Walker, Doug Jensen, Robert Walker, Brent Jones, Dez Murray, Barry Hatch and Coach Chad Orton
Trade remedies and World Trade Organization dispute settlement : Why are so few challenged?
No full textAntidumping and related trade remedies are the most popular policy instruments that many of the largest importing countries in the World Trade Organization (WTO) system use to restrict international trade. While such trade remedies are also frequent targets of dispute settlement activity under the WTO, given that Panel and Appellate Body rulings have almost invariably found that some aspect of each reviewed remedy was inconsistent with WTO obligations, an open research question is why aren't more remedies targeted by dispute settlement? The author provides a first empirical investigation of the trade remedy and WTO dispute settlement interaction by focusing on determinants of WTO members'decisions of whether to formally challenge U.S. trade remedies imposed between 1992 and 2003. He provides evidence that it is not only the size of the economic market at stake and the capacity to retaliate under potential DSU (dispute settlement understanding)-authorized sanctions that influence the litigation decision of whether to formally challenge a measure at the WTO. The author also finds that if the negatively affected foreign industry has the capacity to directly retaliate through a reciprocal antidumping investigation and measure of its own, its government is less likely to pursue the case on its behalf at the WTO. This is consistent with the theory that potential complainants may be avoiding WTO litigation in favor of pursuing reciprocal antidumping and hence"vigilante justice."TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Theory&Research,Trade and Services,World Trade Organization,Trade Policy
Taking stock of antidumping, safeguards, and countervailingduties, 1990-2009
No full textThis paper examines the evolving, cross-country use of antidumping, safeguard, and countervailing duty policies -- temporary trade barriers (TTBs) -- over the period 1990-2009. The author constructs two new measures of imported products subject to the combined use of these TTBs before applying these measures to new data drawn from the World Bank's Temporary Trade Barriers Database. The research establishes a number of facts regarding trends in historical use to benchmark against policy activity during the global economic crisis of 2008-2009. The 2008-2009 economic shock mostly accentuates patterns and trends already visible in the pre-crisis data: e.g., while the major users of such policies overall combined to increase the product lines subject to TTBs by 25 percent during the crisis, this was driven almost entirely by developing economies which increased their product coverage by 40 percent. On the export side, a previously unidentified feature of the data is that a much larger share of China's exports to other developing economies is subject to foreign-imposed antidumping than its exports to developed economies. The evidence confirms this feature is shared by a number of other major developing economy exporters, deepening concern that these discriminatory trade barriers are increasingly a"South-South"phenomenon.Currencies and Exchange Rates,Free Trade,Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Water and Industry
Hemingway's Search for Manhood in Islands in the Stream and The Garden of Eden
No full textiv, 163 p.The author uses Robert Bly's Iron John and Sam Keen's Fire in the Belly to explore Hemingway's themes of masculinity
A Proposed Solution to the Scholarly Communication Crisis
No full textAfter reviewing the history and parameters of the scholarly communications crisis, particularly in regard to skyrocketing prices for journals in the natural sciences, the author reviews and rejects previously attempted solutions. He then employs the principles of game theory in proposing a new solution to the crisis
- …
