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Toxic Metals (Hg, Pb, and Cd) in Commercially Important Demersal Fish from Mediterranean Sea: Contamination Levels and Dietary Exposure Assessment
No full textMercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were quantified in muscle tissue of 5 species of demersal fish (european conger eel, rosefish, brown ray, blackbellied angler, and red mullet) commonly consumed in Italy. In all species studied, Hg was the most abundant element, followed by Pb and Cd, which exhibited comparable levels. Cd and Pb concentrations did not differ either within individuals of the same species or among various species examined, whereas Hg accumulation was species-specific. Significant positive correlations between Hg concentrations and fish length for the 5 characterized species were observed. From a public health standpoint, Pb concentrations were under the legal limit for human consumption indicated by European Regulation, whereas Hg and Cd content occurred at levels exceeding the respective critical values in most of the samples examined. The estimated weekly intakes (EWIs) as well as the target hazard quotients (THQs) for Cd and Pb indicated that fish were safe for human consumption, whereas major concern was related to Hg. Fish size-related changes in Hg concentrations determined high THQ and EWI values relatively to larger size fish consumption of these species, except for red mullet, suggesting potential health human risk. A continuous surveillance system of Hg content in fishery products, especially in certain species that for physiological reasons concentrate Hg more easily than others is crucial for consumer health protection
Note di biologia di Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 (Osteichthyes: Atherinidae) della laguna di Lesina (FG)
No full textRESIDUE LEVELS OF DDTS AND TOXIC EVALUATION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) IN SCYLIORHINUS CANICULA LIVER FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA (ITALY)
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Persistent organic pollutants (PCBs and DDTs) in small size specimens of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from the Mediterranean Sea (Ionian Sea)
Full text linkThe concentration levels and pattern distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (DDTs), were investigated in liver of small size specimens of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) from Mediterranean Sea (Ionian Sea). PCB concentrations (average: 526 ng g(-1) lipid wt) were comparable with DDT levels (average: 435 ng g(-1) lipid wt). The specific analysis of PCB congeners revealed a profile dominated by hexa-, penta- and heptachlorinated congeners, while among DDTs, the compounds with the higher concentration was p,p'-DDE, constituting 91.9% of the total DDT. The total 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalent (TEQs) of coplanar PCBs, including mono- and non-ortho congeners, was 0.55 pg g(-1) wet weight with. The congeners with highest TEQs values were non-ortho congeners followed by mono-ortho ones
Accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticide in pet cats and dogs: Assessment of toxicological status
No full textPCB and DDT concentrations were determined in the adipose tissue of cats and dogs from Southern Italy. In
cats p,p′-DDE was the most abundant DDT component (95.0%), while in dogs these compounds were absent,
except in two specimens. PCB concentrations were higher in cats (199.02 ng g−1 lipid weight) than in dogs
(41.61 ng g−1 lipid weight). Also there were inter-specific differences in the contribution of the different
congeners to PCBs, although PCB 138, PCB 153 and PCB 180 were the most representative congeners in both
species. Animals from one location, Taranto City, had significantly elevated concentrations of dioxin-like
PCBs compared to the other locations. Consequently the estimated mean 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
toxic equivalents (TEQs) of coplanar PCBs were higher in these animals (cats: 0.65 pg g−1 lipid weight; dogs
0.29 pg g−1 lipid weight) than in the other ones (cats: 0.12 pg g−1 lipid weight; dogs: 0.001 pg g−1 lipid
weight)
Contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea
No full textConcentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) including dioxin-like PCBs (non-ortho, PCB 77, PCB 126, and PCB 169 and mono-ortho, PCB 105, PCB 118, and PCB 156) were measured in different organs and tissues (melon, blubber, liver, kidney, lung, heart, and muscle tissue) of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (Adriatic Sea). The mean highest levels were in blubber and melon, followed by liver, kidney, lung, heart, and muscle tissue. PCB profiles were similar in all tissues and organs being dominated by the higher chlorinated homologues (hexa-CBs, 55.8-62.1%; penta-CBs, 15.4-20.0%; and hepta-CB PCB 180, 12.7-16.5%). Major PCBs in all tissues were congeners 138 and 153 collectively accounting for 50.6-58.3% of the total PCB concentrations, followed by PCB 101, 105, 118, and 180 constituting from 27.0% to 31.0%. PCB levels were higher in adult males than in adult females. The estimated 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents of non- and mono-ortho PCBs were much higher than the threshold level above which adverse effects have been observed in other marine mammals species, suggesting that striped dolphins in this region are at risk for toxic effects
MERCURY IN FISH:CONCENTRATION VS.FISH SIZE AND ESTIMATES OF MERCURY INTAKE
No full textTotal mercury concentrations were determined in different fish size classes of commercial importance such as, conger eel (Conger conger), starry ray (Raja asterias), forkbeard (Phycis blennoides), frostfish (Lepidopus caudatus), striped mullet (Mullus barbatus), red gurnard (Aspitrigla cuculus) and yellow gurnard (Trigla lucerna) in order to evaluate variations in consumer exposure to mercury as a function of fish consumption of a spectrum of different sizes. The highest mean levels of total mercury were detected in conger eel (0.80 μg g-1) and starry ray (0.75 μg g-1). Forkbeard (0.67 μg g-1), frostfish (0.59 μg g-1) and striped mullet (0.55 μ g g-1) showed slightly lower levels, while red gurnard (0.33 μg g-1) and yellow gurnard (0.22 μg g-1) exhibited the lowest concentrations. The results of linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between mercury concentrations and fish size for all species. Consequently, dietary consumption of larger size specimens leads to an increase in the exposure level for consumers. Understanding by consumers of all factors leading to an increase of exposure to mercury is the first step to enable them to make decisions about eating fish
Risk characterization for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals associated with fish consumption.
No full textConcentrations of 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and toxic metals (Hg, Cd and Pb) were measured in three fish species [(Raja miraletus (brown ray), Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (megrim) and Lophius piscatorius (angler)] from Mediterranean Sea (Adriatic Sea). No significant difference in PAHs and metal concentrations was encountered among the fish species examined. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 209.9ngg-1 wet weight to 227.2ngg-1 wet weight. Low-molecular weight (two and three rings) PAHs were observed dominating over the high molecular weight (from four to six rings) PAHs. With regard to metals, Hg exhibited the highest concentrations (0.68-0.98μgg-1 weight wet), followed by Pb (0.08-0.12μgg-1 weight wet) and Cd (0.05-0.10μgg-1 weight wet). The health risks by consumption of these species were assessed and did not present threat to public health concerning PAH, Pb and Cd intakes. However, the estimated exposure from Hg illustrates the importance of limiting the dietary consumption of larger-sized fish
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