1,720,993 research outputs found
Diagnostic accuracy for hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe renal cell tumors by exploiting an immunohistochemical and histochemical combined panel
No full textRole of vegetarian and plant-based diet in the prevention of mild cognitive impairment and dementia
No full textBackground and Objective: The increasing number of people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia represents a relevant public health problem. For this reason, there is interest in the assessment of factors affecting disease risk, in order to implement effective prevention strategies and promote a healthy lifestyle. In particular, diet as a determinant of cognitive impairment and dementia represents an important field of research, and many studies focused on the effects of plant-based, vegetarian or vegan diets on cognitive functions and dementia risk. The aim of this systematic review is to assess whether a plant-based or a ‘strict’ vegetarian diet is protective or detrimental towards cognitive functions. Methods: The protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis has been submitted to PROSPERO. The literature search has been conducted on 4 different databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library. We used MeSH terms and keywords related to “plant-based diet”, “vegetarian diet”, “Mild Cognitive Impairment”, “dementia” and “memory impairment”. We found 2 additional articles through citation chasing techniques. We defined the following inclusion criteria according to the PICOS statement: adult population, adherence to plant-based, vegetarian or vegan diets, assessment of cognitive functions through dementia risk or cognitive decline at increasing adherence to different dietary patterns, and both observational studies (cohort, cross-sectional or case-control) and randomized clinical controlled trials. We will also perform a dose-response meta-analysis whenever possible. Results: In the preliminary literature search, we found a total of 1537 articles (including 2 studies added through citations), 255 of which were duplicates. After duplicate removal, the abstract and the full-text of 1282 articles were screened, leading to the exclusion of 1263 of them. Nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria and could be included in the systematic review. Conclusions: The study is currently ongoing and its results will be presented at the Congress
Abnormal immunothrombosis and lupus anticoagulant in a catastrophic COVID-19 recalling Asherson’s syndrome
Full text linkBackground: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a complex disease with many clinicopathological aspects, including abnormal immunothrombosis, and the full comprehension of its pathogenetic mechanisms is urgently required. Methods/Results: By means of a multidisciplinary approach, we here report a catastrophic COVID-19 in a 44-year-old Philippine male patient, discovered lupus anticoagulant (LAC)-positive shortly before death, occurred 8 days after hospitalization in a clinical scenario refractory to standard high acuity care recalling Asherson’s syndrome (catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome). Conclusion: A parallelism between this severe form of COVID-19 and Asherson’s syndrome can be so drawn. Both the diseases in fact exhibit hypercytokinemia, thrombotic microangiopathy, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure, they show a relationship with viral infections, and they are burdened by a high mortality rate. A genetic predisposition to develop these two overlapping conditions may be supposed
Mature solid teratoma of the fallopian tube mimicking metastasis of endometrial adenocarcinoma: A case report
No full textWe report a mature solid teratoma of the fallopian tube in an elderly woman. This mass was noted on CT scan and considered metastatic in nature since following a bioptical diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy and ovariectomy were performed and a second minor mature solid teratoma was discovered inside the right ovary. Neoplasms of the fallopian tube are very uncommon and this is the first Italian case to be added to about other 60 of the literature. Moreover it joins minimum teratomatous diameter with maximum recorded age
New advances on placental hydrops and related villous lymphatics
No full textFetoplacental hydrops is the final stage of several pathological conditions in which the placenta and umbilical cord become edematous and the fetus develops an anasarcatic state characterized by an excessive accumulation of extravascular fluids in at least two serous cavities of the body. It is a common histological finding of stillbirth, characterized by the appearance of markedly edematous villi, suggesting an increased interstitial fluid accumulation. The recent improved knowledge of lymphangiogenesis and the availability of monoclonal antibodies selectively labeling lymphatic endothelium lead to the hypothesis that villous edema is essentially a lymphedema from defective lymphatic function following inadequate villous blood circulation. Lymphedema is a morphologic phenotype found by our research group in a 24-case series of stillbirths from different morbid conditions such as chromosomal aberrations, congenital malformations, inherited hemoglobinopathies, and prolonged perinatal severe anoxia. Unlike long-lived organs, the placenta is devoid of innervation by the autonomic nervous system; therefore, the vascular tone regulation and the peripheral perfusion are modulated by the expression of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the vascular endothelia. This finding may suggest to the clinician to search for a more suitable therapy in case of mother's hypertension during pregnancy
Exuberant type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia: Mimic or forerunner of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia?
No full textDeep inside of gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma
Full text linkThe histology of signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRC) of the stomach has been revisited with the support of current immunohistochemical techniques in order to explain particular features of this tumor; its great capacity of local diffusion and lymph node metastasis, also through a neo-lymphoangiogenesis. An observational retrospective study on 50 cases of SRC in stage II and III has been performed with the addition of histochemical (Alcian Blue, DDD-Fast Blue B, Mercury Orange) and immunohistochemical (cytocheratin, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD10, CD56, CD68, perforin, granzyme B, podoplanin, collagen type IV) investigations for each case. The signet ring cells, typical for this tumor, show abundant content of electro-negative sialomucins and demonstrate a great capacity of diffusion through the gastric wall. They evoke production and deposition of collagen type IV in the sub-mucosa layer through the local action of fibroblasts. The immunological response to this tumor in the gastric wall and in the metastatic lymph nodes is represented by an increase of B and T-helper lymphocytes, but not of T-killers or natural killers. The neoplastic cells are curiously able to avoid these newly formed ‘lymph nodules’. An extended neo-lymphangiogenesis has been observed around the primary tumor and in metastatic lymph nodes. A careful immunohistochemical characterization has allowed a better knowledge of SRC, regarding especially the peculiar behavior of local diffusion of its cells, the associated neo-lymph angiogenesis, and poor immunological reaction
A new lipomatous entity: The cavernous angiolipoma of the subcutis
No full textAngiolipoma is a benign soft-tissue tumor which combines the morphological features of lipoma with those of hemangioma. The ratio of lipomatous and vascular components is variable, reaching the latter the highest percentage in the cellular variant of the tumor. Microscopically, the tumor consists of mature adipocytes separated by a branching network of small vessels, which often contain fibrin thrombi. We present the first literary description of cavernous angiolipoma of the subcutis in a 75-year-old man, delivering a new lipomatous entity. This entity should be reserved to subcutaneous angiolipoma with very large vascular gaps, haphazardly arranged and engorged by blood. The differential diagnosis of this tumor depends on vascular density: the hypovascular tumor can be mistaken with a common lipoma, while the hypervascular lesion should be distinguished from cavernous hemangioma and related variants, intramuscular hemangioma, spindle cell hemangioma, arteriovenous and venous malformations and Kaposi's sarcoma. Histopathogenetic theories about cavernous angiolipoma of the subcutis include a possible differentiation from a pluripotent mesenchymal cell into both lipomatous and angiomatous counterparts, due to inflammation or trauma, and a progressive development from a congenital malformation / benign hamartoma. In support of the latter thesis, there is a 5-10% familial incidence of classic angiolipoma and the frequent presence of many mast cells inside the tumor. Moreover, about a third of all angiolipomas express androgen receptors and this datum leads to suspect a hormonal influence in the development of these subcutaneous tumors
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