1,721,030 research outputs found
Il radiogramma del torace nel paziente in terapia intensiva: cosa c’è da sapere sui devices
No full textDiagnostic challenges in pulmonary lymphomatous spread mimicking ARDS in an AIDS patient: a case report
Full text linkAbstract Background Immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with AIDS, are at increased risk of developing lymphoproliferative tumours and opportunistic infections. Radiologic findings alone may not always distinguish between these entities. Case presentation We describe the case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with rapidly worsening dyspnoea and clinical signs suggestive of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite initial concerns for ARDS, autopsy revealed an advanced-stage, aggressive lymphoma as the underlying cause. This case highlights the challenge of differentiating ARDS from lymphoma in AIDS patients, especially when atypical radiologic findings, such as nodular opacities, are present. Conclusions The diagnosis of ARDS relies on imaging, oxygenation abnormalities, and clinical timing. However, various infectious and non-infectious conditions can mimic ARDS, making an accurate differential diagnosis essential. This case adds to the literature by underscoring the importance of considering lymphoproliferative disorders in AIDS patients presenting with respiratory distress, especially in the absence of typical lymphoma-related symptoms
Editorial: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). What's new?
Full text linkThis Research Topic entitled “Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). What's new?”, involving authors from different specializations and numerous countries, confirms that OSAS is a hot topic. OSA syndrome is an airway obstruction (i.e. complete or partial) with numerous etiologies (1–4). Different papers have demonstrated that the prevalence of OSAS is 2–4% in men and 1–2% in women of average age. The reference tools for OSAS diagnosis are clinical polysomnography or nocturnal portable multi-channel monitoring. Frequently, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the first treatment for a patient (5, 6). Long-term CPAP treatment may present limited compliance, and there is no unanimous opinion on other alternative treatments for OSAS in literature on the subject. This special issue discusses several of these “unmet needs”
Diagnostic impact of digital tomosynthesis in oncologic patients with suspected pulmonary lesions on chest radiography
No full textObjectives To assess the actual diagnostic impact of digital tomosynthesis (DTS) in oncologic patients with suspected pulmonary lesions on chest radiography (CXR). Methods A total of 237 patients (135 male, 102 female; age, 70.8±10.4 years) with a known primary malignancy and suspected pulmonary lesion(s) on CXR and who underwent DTS were retrospectively identified. Two radiologists (experience, 10 and 15 years) analysed in consensus CXR and DTS images and proposed a diagnosis according to a confidence score: 1 or 2=definitely or probably benign pulmonary or
extrapulmonary lesion, or pseudolesion; 3=indeterminate; 4 or 5=probably or definitely pulmonary lesion. DTS findings were proven by CT (n=114 patients), CXR during follow-up (n=105) or histology (n=18). Results Final diagnoses included 77 pulmonary opacities, 26 pulmonary scars, 12 pleural lesions and 122 pulmonary pseudolesions. DTS vs CXR presented a higher (P<0.05) sensitivity (92 vs 15 %), specificity (91 vs 9 %), overall accuracy
(92 vs 12 %), and diagnostic confidence (area under ROC, 0.997 vs 0.619). Mean effective dose of CXR vs DTS was 0.06 vs 0.107 mSv (P<0.05).
Conclusions DTS improved diagnostic accuracy and confidence in comparison to CXR alone in oncologic patients with suspected pulmonary lesions on CXR with only a slight, though significant, increase in radiation dose
Analysis of the impact of digital tomosynthesis in the radiological workup of patients with suspected pulmonary lesions on chest radiography.
No full textObjective To assess the impact of digital tomosynthesis
(DTS) on the radiological investigation of patients with
suspected pulmonary lesions on chest radiography (CXR).
Methods Three hundred thirty-nine patients (200 male;
age, 71.19±11.9 years) with suspected pulmonary lesion(s)
on CXR underwent DTS. Two readers prospectively analysed
CXR and DTS images, and recorded their diagnostic confidence:
1 or 20definite or probable benign lesion or pseudolesion
deserving no further diagnostic workup; 3 0
indeterminate; 4 or 50probable or definite pulmonary lesion
deserving further diagnostic workup by computed tomography
(CT). Imaging follow-up by CT (n076 patients), CXR
(n0256) or histology (n07) was the reference standard.
Results DTS resolved doubtful CXR findings in 256/339
(76 %) patients, while 83/339 (24 %) patients proceeded to
CT. The mean interpretation time for DTS (mean±SD,
220±40 s) was higher (P<0.05; Wilcoxon test) than for
CXR (110±30 s), but lower than CT (600±150 s). Mean
effective dose was 0.06 mSv (range 0.03–0.1 mSv) for
CXR, 0.107 mSv (range 0.094–0.12 mSv) for DTS, and
3 mSv (range 2–4 mSv) for CT.
Conclusions DTS avoided the need for CT in about threequarters
of patients with a slight increase in the interpretation
time and effective dose compared to CXR
Comparison of contrast-enhanced sonography with unenhanced sonography and contrast-enhancend CT in the diagnosis of malignancy in complex cystic renal masses
No full textOBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced sonograph
Aging-Related Findings of the Respiratory System in Chest Imaging: Pearls and Pitfalls
Full text linkPURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to describe the main features of the aging chest, studied through different imaging modalities. RECENT FINDINGS: Aging-related changes of the respiratory system are inevitable. Therefore, it is mandatory to be familiar with the para-physiological changes that occurs, in order to avoid inappropriate interpretation of radiological findings that put patients at risk of over or undertreatment. SUMMARY: The role of the radiologist is fundamental in evaluating aging-related processes affecting the respiratory system and in distinguishing them from frank diseases
Overcoming the Crisis of the Reviewing Process: Responsibility of a Scientific Journal
Full text linkManuscript reviewers and the accuracy of the review process are fundamental to the quality of a scientific journal [...]
Radiological-pathological correlation in intratumoural tissue components of solid lung tumours.
No full textThe aim of this paper is to describe the intratumoural tissue components of solid lung tumours evidenced by macroscopic and/or microscopic examination of the autopsy or surgical specimen and visible on computed tomography (CT) without and with contrast material administration. Seven intratumoural tissue components can be identified both at CT and at pathology: (1) solid component, (2) haemorrhagic component, (3) coagulation necrosis, (4) liquefaction necrosis, (5) parenchymal consolidation, (6) diffuse peripheral component and (7) fibrotic component. Necrotic and haemorrhagic components are typically observed in malignant lesions, whereas solid and fibrotic components may be seen both in solid lung malignancies and in benign lesions
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