1,721,010 research outputs found
Clinical Relevance of β2-Glycoprotein-I Plasma Levels in Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
No full textAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies associated with thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. The antibodies mainly involved in this disorder are directed against beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2-GPI). beta2-GPI plasma level is usually not reported in studies on APS, because it is not regarded as relevant to the diagnosis and prognosis of APS. Nevertheless its measurement may be important for understanding the pathophysiology of the syndrome. This review summarizes available data from the literature on plasma concentrations of beta2-GPI in patients with different antibody profiles
Effect of anti beta2-glycoprotein I Lupus Anticoagulant antibodies on clotting time in the presence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
No full textThe Paradox of the Lupus Anticoagulant: History and Perspectives
No full textA unique coagulation inhibitor prolonging whole-blood clotting time was described
more than 50 years ago in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The
immunoglobulin nature of the inhibitor and its interaction with antiphospholipid
antibodies was later demonstrated and the term “lupus anticoagulant (LA)” was
coined to describe this laboratory finding. It soon became apparent that LA was a
misnomer as it is often found in plasma from patients with clinical conditions other
than SLE and is associated with thromboembolic events that may occur in otherwise
healthy individuals. Individuals with LA have circulating autoantibodies that inhibits
blood coagulation. These are mostly of IgG or IgM class and mainly directed against a
phospholipid (PL)-binding plasma protein, β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI). The presence of
β2GPI-dependent LA represents a well-recognized risk factor for venous and arterial
thromboembolism, as well as pregnancy loss and morbidity. β2GPI-dependent LA in
the presence of documented previous thromboembolism, or history of pregnancy
loss/morbidity, identifies definite anti-PL syndrome. Laboratory diagnosis of LA is thus
of particular importance, as it may assign patients with a common event (thrombosis)
to a group with a high risk for recurrence, which is a prerequisite for long-term oral antithrombotic treatment
What have we learned about antiphospholipid syndrome from patients and antiphospholipid carrier cohorts?
No full textVenous or arterial thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) define the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In terms of accepted APS criteria, aPL are detected by one coagulation test (lupus anticoagulant; LAC) and two immunoassays (anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta(2)-glycoptrotein I antibodies). In patients with APS, a single positive test carries a much lower risk of thrombosis recurrence or new pregnancy loss than does multiple (or triple) positivity. The same holds true for aPL carriers, namely subjects with laboratory tests but without clinical criteria for APS. Thus, very different risk categories exist among patients with APS as well as in carriers of aPL. Triple positivity apparently identifies the pathogenic autoantibody (antidomain I-II of beta(2)-glycoptrotein I); it is in this category of patients that trials on new therapeutic strategies should focus
Additional Treatments for High-Risk Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome: a Comprehensive Review
No full textRevie
Secondary prevention in thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome.
No full textSecondary prevention of venous thromboembolism in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is usually made using vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) to maintain an international normalized ratio (INR) between 2.0 and 3.0. The optimal intensity of anticoagulation was determined in two prospective randomized controlled trials, both excluding the benefit of more intense anticoagulation. The same regimen is also recommended in patients with APS and arterial thromboembolism as aspirin does not appear to protect against recurrences. The duration of treatment is usually indefinite because of a substantial risk of recurrenc
Antiphospholipid syndrome: critical analysis of the diagnostic path
No full textAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is diagnosed in the presence of vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity occurring in patients with circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant [LA] and/or IgG/IgM anticardiolipin [aCL] and/or IgG/IgM anti-beta2glycoprotein I [abeta2GPI] antibodies). Each test may identify different autoantibodies; a single test makes the diagnosis possible when positive on two or more occasions at least 12 weeks apart. However, single test positivity may be unrelated to pathogenic antibodies, which are now considered to be a subclass of abeta2GPI antibodies directed against the domain I of this protein. Conversely, all three positive tests identify a single class of abeta2GPI antibodies, thus identifying high-risk patients with APS
Radiopharmacokinetic and dosimetric studies of Re-188-HA: comparison with Re-188-HDD/lipiodol
No full textRadiopharmacokinetic and dosimetric studies of 188Re-HA: comparation with 188Re-HHD/lipiodol
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