3 research outputs found
Education for frugal entrepreneurship: A characterization essay
No full textRésumé
L'innovation frugale présente une nouvelle opportunité pour prioriser stratégiquement les ressources en faisant plus avec moins, en prenant en compte les besoins des clients/consommateurs et en collaborant avec les parties prenantes. L'examen théorique actuel étudie l'entrepreneuriat frugal en mettant l'accent sur l’essor de l'innovation frugale et l’importance de l'éducation à l'entrepreneuriat, afin de s’adapter à un contexte contraint par des ressources limitées et un climat éducatif de plus en plus compétitif souffrant d'un déficit en matière d'éducation.
Le présent travail ambitionne de mettre en avant l’importance de l’éducation à l’entrepreneuriat frugal. Pour ce faire, une mise au point conceptuelle et théorique été adoptée selon une perspective épistémologique constructiviste. L’objectif est d’explorer le croisement de deux dimensions : la dimension frugale et la dimension pédagogique en contexte entrepreneurial. Le résultat de cette exploration théorique a confirmé que l’axe de recherche de l’éducation à l’entrepreneuriat frugal se situe à une phase embryonnaire et que le modèle théorique qui en découle nécessite une étude expérimentale afin de s’assurer de sa faisabilité.
Mots clés : Innovation Frugale, Entrepreneuriat Frugal, Approche pédagogique, Education à l’entrepreneuriat
Abstract
Frugal innovation presents a new opportunity to strategically prioritize resources by doing more with less, taking into account customer/consumer needs and collaborating with stakeholders. The current theoretical review examines frugal entrepreneurship, focusing on the rise of frugal innovation and the importance of entrepreneurship education, in order to adapt to a context constrained by limited resources and an increasingly competitive educational climate suffering from an education deficit.
The present work aims to highlight the importance of frugal entrepreneurship education. To this end, a conceptual and theoretical focus has been adopted from a constructivist epistemological perspective. The aim is to explore the intersection of two dimensions: the frugal dimension and the pedagogical dimension in an entrepreneurial context. The result of this theoretical exploration confirmed that the research axis of frugal entrepreneurship education is in an embryonic phase, and that the theoretical model derived from it requires experimental study to ensure its feasibility.
Keywords: Frugal Innovation, Frugal Entrepreneurship, Pedagogical approach, Entrepreneurship educatio
Contribution à l’étude des déterminants de la décision d’octroi des crédits aux PME : Proposition d’un modèle conceptuel
No full textL’importance des entités de petites et moyennes dimensions a longtemps suscitée des interrogations. En effet, il existe un certain paradoxe dans le fait qu'en dépit de la position majeure des PME dans l'économie, elles souffrent toujours d'exclusion des fonds prêtables qui présentent une source primordiale du développement de leur structure financière, et cela en raison des réglementations strictes imposées aux institutions financières. En conséquence, au niveau international, tant dans les pays développés que dans les pays non développés, l'accès des PME au crédit reste restrictif. Certains entrepreneurs sont de plus en plus préoccupés par le risque de défaillance et certaines caractéristiques entravent leur accès aux avantages financiers. Dans cet article, nous mettons en lumière la littérature existante sur les différents déterminants qui conditionnent la décision d'accorder un crédit aux PME. Dans ce contexte et après l’examen de la littérature, l’existence d’une panoplie des déterminants, qu’ils soient liés à l’environnement de la PME ou aux aspects financiers ou encore au profil du dirigeant-emprunteur et à sa relation avec la banque, permet d’expliquer le comportement des banquiers
Intergenerational mobility, income inequality and children’s human capital investment
No full textThis dissertation focuses on examining the determinants of children’s educational attainment in different settings. Specifically, Chapters 2 and 3 examine two key determinants of children’s educational attainment in Egypt: parents’ levels of education and mother’s hours of work. Chapter 4 examines the evolution of common schooling in the nineteenth century in New Jersey. Since New Jersey in the nineteenth century shared many characteristics with developing countries today, having a better understanding of the rapid rise in school attendance in this setting should guide policy-makers in constructing the appropriate policies that may target educational attainment in developing countries. In Chapter 2, I examine the relationship between income inequality and the intergenerational correlation in educational attainment in Egypt. I test whether the correlation between parents’ and children’s education is stronger or weaker in governorates with high income inequality. My results suggest a nonlinear relationship. School enrollment for children whose fathers are poorly educated is very low regardless of the degree of income inequality, whereas enrollment for children whose fathers are highly educated increases as the degree of income inequality increases. Notably, enrollment for children whose fathers have medium level of education decreases as the degree of income inequality increases. In Chapter 3, I analyze the relationship between maternal labor supply and children’s schooling in Egypt. The results suggest that a mother’s employment adversely affects her children’s school enrollment and grade attainment. These results are consistent across all children’s outcome variables, and across different definitions of mother’s work. As mother’s hours of work increase, however, these adverse effects start to diminish. Once a mother’s hours reach 24 in 2006 sample and 46 in 1998 sample, the effects on child’s school enrollment and grade attainment become positive. Since a large percentage of working mothers have no schooling, I speculate that this positive effect is attributed to the increased household income from more hours of work, which compensates for the decrease in maternal time spent with children. In Chapter 4, I examine the rise in school enrollment rates and increase in the length of school sessions in New Jersey in the nineteenth century. My results show that counties that were more urban and more industrialized observed higher school attendance rates. This result can be attributed to the increase in the demand for skilled labor resulting from the process of industrialization. Moreover, counties with more immigrants and more state appropriations had longer school sessions. This result can be an evidence of the desire of elite groups, who were controlling local school committees, to use public education as a socialization device to reduce social, religious and ethnic tensions, lower crime rates and promote democratic values.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Omayma Elshenit
