43,977 research outputs found
Chen, M.-J., Han, Y.-R., Hu, J.-X., Liu, Y.-J. & Huang, B. (2023) Tolypocladium rhizomatum sp. nov.: an endophytic species isolated from the rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema. Phytotaxa 606 (3): 201-210.
No full textChen, M.-J., Han, Y.-R., Hu, J.-X., Liu, Y.-J., Huang, B. (2023): Chen, M.-J., Han, Y.-R., Hu, J.-X., Liu, Y.-J. & Huang, B. (2023) Tolypocladium rhizomatum sp. nov.: an endophytic species isolated from the rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema. Phytotaxa 606 (3): 201-210. Phytotaxa 607 (1): 114-114, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.607.1.1
Neuronal Nuclear Autoantibodies, Type 1 (Hu)
No full textAntineuronal nuclear autoantibody type 1 (Hu) was initially described in two patients with sensory neuronopathy (SN) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Hu antibodies (Hu-ab) recognize nuclear antigens called Hu, which are members of a family of human neuronal ribonucleic acid (RNA)-binding proteins probably necessary for development and maintenance of the neuronal phenotype through the control of the expression of multiple neuronal genes. Hu antigens are 35-40-kDa proteins mostly expressed by the nuclei of neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system and by SCLC cells. Hu-ab is a polyclonal, complement-fixing immunoglobulin (Ig)G. It is present in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with particular types of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) and SCLC. It is detected by immunohistochemistry on brain sections and confirmed by immunoblot of purified antigen (HuD). Normal subjects are seronegative. Hu-ab can be detected at low titer in the sera of about 15% of patients with SCLC in absence of a specific neurologic syndrome. High titers are restricted to patients with PNS, almost always associated with SCLC and less with other tumor types. Hu-ab have a specificity of 99% and a sensitivity of 82% in detecting PNS (sensitivity changes for different PNS)
Dynamic characteristics of multisensory facilitation and inhibition.
No full textlink_to_subscribed_fulltex
Apecholinus imitator Smetana & Hu 2019
No full textApecholinus imitator Smetana & Hu, 2019 (Figs. 5–6) Material examined. TAIWAN: Pingtung County: 1 spec., Tahanshan (± ÀƜ), 25.IV.2017. leg. B.-X. Guo (TARI); 1 female, Chun-jih, Ta-han shan, ± ÀƜ, 1350m, 2019,V-13 (Night), Y.- T. Chung Leg. CCCC (FSHc); 1 female, Majia Forest Trail (ṞxIJǎ), Majia To., 28-VI-2017, leg. R. H. Liu (FSHc); 1 spec., CCCC, Tahanshan (± ÀƜ), 15.IV.2019. leg. Y.- T. Chung (TARI). Description. For male description see Smetana & Hu (2019). Female. Genital segment. Tergite 10 (Fig. 6) obviously different from male tergite 10. Apical portion of female tergite 10 markedly narrow and elongated, with narrow acute apical portion; setae are relatively concentrated on the apex. Diagnosis. Apecholinus imitator can be distinguished from all other species of Apecholinus in Taiwan by the golden-yellow tomentose setae on the body. An undescribed species of Apecholinus in Taiwan is similar to this species but it currently known only from a single female, so I refrain from describing it until male specimens are found. The patches of golden-yellow tomentose pubescence on the elytra of Ap. imitator are much larger than that of the undescribed species. Bionomics. Based on an import of locality name into Google Earth from collection data (Smetana & Hu 2019 and this study), the species occurs from 800–1700 m. One specimen of Ap. imitator was collected by pitfall trap but nothing known about the habitat the traps were set in; some specimens of Ap. imitator were attracted to an LED flashlight in the evening on a forest trail (Smetana & Hu 2019). Distribution. Apecholinus imitator is at present known from central and southern Taiwan including Nantou County, Taitung County and Pingtung County (Smetana & Hu 2019, this study). Remarks. Up to the present, the morphology of females in Apecholinus is poorly known. So far, only females of Ap. fraternus (see Smetana 2018), Ap. liui (He & Zhou, 2017) (see He & Zhou 2017) and Ap. kaiseri Bernhauer, 1933 (see Smetana 2003) had been described and female tergite 10 of these species is similar to that of the male. However, the apical portion of tergite 10 of Ap. imitator is much narrower and more elongate in females than in males.Published as part of Hu, Fang-Shuo, 2020, New distributional records of Staphylinina in Taiwan, including a new species of Miobdelus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae: Staphylinini), pp. 334-360 in Zootaxa 4768 (3) on page 337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/378403
A new cohesive model for simulating delamination propagation in composite laminates under transverse loads
No full textIn this paper, we propose a new cohesive model to stably and accurately simulate the\ud
delamination propagations in composite laminates under quasi-static and low-velocity\ud
impact transverse loads using comparatively coarse meshes. In this model, a pre-softening\ud
zone ahead of the existing traditional softening zone is proposed. In this pre-softening zone,\ud
the initial stiffnesses and the interface strengths at the integration points of cohesive elements\ud
are gradually reduced as the corresponding effective relative displacements at these\ud
points increase. However, the onset displacement corresponding to the onset damage is\ud
not changed in this model. Moreover, the fracture toughness of materials for determining\ud
the final displacement of complete decohesion is kept constant. This cohesive model is\ud
implemented in the explicit time integration scheme combined with a powerful threedimensional\ud
(3D) hybrid finite element for evaluating the delamination propagations on\ud
interfaces in composite laminates. A DCB problem is employed to analyze the characteristics\ud
of the present cohesive model. In order to reduce the computational cost for dealing\ud
with more complex problems, a stress-based criterion is also adopted in our numerical\ud
model for evaluating various in-plane damages, such as matrix cracks, fiber breakage,\ud
etc. Finally, two experimental examples are employed to illustrate the validity of the present\ud
approach
Performance Evaluation of Distributed-Antenna Communications Systems Using Beam-Hopping
No full textDigital beamforming (DBF) techniques are capable of improving the performance of communications systems significantly. However, if the transmitted signals are conflicted with strong interference, especially, in the direction of the transmitted beams , these directional jamming signals will severely degrade the system performance. In order to efficiently mitigate the interference of the directional jammers, in this contribution a beam-hopping (BH) communications scheme is proposed. In the proposed BH communications scheme, only one pair of the beams is used for transmission and it hops from one to the next according to an assigned BH pattern. In this contribution a range of expressions in terms of the average SINR performance have been derived, when both the uplink and downlink are considered. The average SINR performance of the proposed BH scheme and that of the conventional single-beam (SB) as well as multiple-beam (MB) assisted beam-processing schemes have been investigated. Our analysis and results show that the proposed BH scheme is capable of efficiently combating the directional jamming, with the aid of utilizing the directional gain of the beams generated by both the transmitter and the receiver. Furthermore, the BH scheme is capable of reducing the intercept probability of the communications. Therefore, the proposed BH scheme is suitable for communications, when several distributed antenna arrays are available around a mobile
Gene-flow between populations of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is highly variable between years
No full textBoth large and small scale migrations of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner in Australia were investigated using AMOVA analysis and genetic assignment tests. Five microsatellite loci were screened across 3142 individuals from 16 localities in eight major cotton and grain growing regions within Australia, over a 38-month period (November 1999 to January 2003). From November 1999 to March 2001 relatively low levels of migration were characterized between growing regions. Substantially higher than average gene-flow rates and limited differentiation between cropping regions characterized the period from April 2001 to March 2002. A reduced migration rate in the year from April 2002 to March 2003 resulted in significant genetic structuring between cropping regions. This differentiation was established within two or three generations. Genetic drift alone is unlikely to drive genetic differentiation over such a small number of generations, unless it is accompanied by extreme bottlenecks and/or selection. Helicoverpa armigera in Australia demonstrated isolation by distance, so immigration into cropping regions is more likely to come from nearby regions than from afar. This effect was most pronounced in years with limited migration. However, there is evidence of long distance dispersal events in periods of high migration (April 2001–March 2002). The implications of highly variable migration patterns for resistance management are considered.K.D. Scott, K.S. Wilkinson, N. Lawrence, C.L. Lange, L.J. Scott, M.A. Merritt, A.J. Lowe and G.C Graha
Antifungal efficacy of itraconazole-loaded TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles
No full textLixin Qiu,1,2,* Bicheng Hu,1,4,* Hongbo Chen,2,3 Shanshan Li,5 Yuqian Hu,2,3 Yi Zheng,2,3 Xinxing Wu1 1Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2The Shenzhen Key Lab of Gene and Antibody Therapy, Center for Biotech and Biomedicine, Division of Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4The Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: This research was conducted to formulate biodegradable itraconazole (ITZ)-loaded d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate-b-poly(e-caprolactone-ran-glycolide) (TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA); TPP) nanoparticles (NPs) (designed as ITZ-loaded TPP NPs) to improve antifungal efficacy. ITZ-loaded TPP NPs were prepared by a modified double-emulsion method, and their size distribution, morphology, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, drug-release profile, and antifungal effects were characterized. The cytotoxicity of ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs on HeLa cells and fibroblasts was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The in vivo antifungal activity of ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs was examined in mice by administrating 5×105 colony forming units of Candida albicans through the tail vein. The survival rate and survival time of the mice was observed. The fungal count and pathology of lung tissue was analyzed. The data showed that ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs have size of 265±5.8 nm, zeta potential of -31±0.5 mV, high encapsulation efficiency (95%), and extended drug-release profile. ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs at a high concentration of 25 mg/mL had no cytotoxicity on HeLa cells and fibroblasts. Furthermore, ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs achieved a higher level of antifungal activity both in vitro and in vivo. The survival rate and duration was higher in mice treated by ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs than in the other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, ITZ-loaded-TPP NPs significantly improved ITZ bioavailability by increasing its aqueous dispersibility and extending the duration of drug release, thereby improving the antifungal efficacy of the ITZ agent. Keywords: antifungal, Candida albicans, itraconazole (ITZ), nanoparticles (NPs), TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) (TPP
- …
