732 research outputs found
Bryopesanser Tilbrook 2006
No full textGenus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 Type species. Hippothoa pes anseris Smitt, 1873. Diagnosis. Colony encrusting. Frontal shield evenly perforated, areolar septular pores present. Primary orifice with horizontal proximal rim and condyles and notch-like sinus. Oral spines present. Peristome developed proximally. Avicularia adventitous, adjacent to the primary orifice on each side, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, imperforate, opening above level of primary orifice. Basal pore chambers present. Ancestrula tatiform with welldeveloped cryptocyst. Remarks. Specimens of Bryopesanser species are often inconspicuous. Mature colonies and zooids of most species are relatively small. As indicated in the generic diagnosis, all Bryopesanser species share a number of gross morphological characters that are the most likely cause of the constant misidentification of B. pesanseris sensu stricto over the years. It is only really through the use of scanning electron microscopy that the more subtle differences are seen in these gross morphological characters, that is: the primary orifice (shape of articular condyles, proximal orificial rim, sinus and peristome), avicularia (size and position) and frontal pore morphology. The generic diagnosis has not been amended as Dick et al. (2006) recommended, pending photographic confirmation of setiform avicularian mandibles as a character. Harmer (1957) noted slight differences in the specimens he examined, all of which had been assigned to the ‘well-known’ species Bryopesanser pesanseris, believed to be circumglobal in distribution in warm-temperate and tropical shallow waters until Tilbrook (2006) demonstrated the existence of a complex of similar forms. The complex of morphologically distinct species described below mirrors that found in many other bryozoan species and genera, e.g. Antropora granulifera (Hincks, 1880) (Tilbrook, 1998), Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk, 1884) (Tilbrook, 1999, 2006), Stylopoma Levinsen, 1909 (Tilbrook, 2001), Cupuladria Canu & Bassler, 1919 (Herrera- Cubilla et al. 2006), Puellina Jullien, 1886 (Harmelin, 2006), Monoporella Hincks, 1881 (Dick, 2008), and Microporella Hincks, 1877 (Harmelin et al., 2011).Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
Bryopesanser latesco Tilbrook 2006
No full textBryopesanser latesco Tilbrook, 2006 (Figures 11–16, Table 1) Schizoporella pes anseris: Waters 1909: 169. Mastigophora pesanseris: Canu & Bassler 1929 (part): 412, pl. 58, figs 7, 8. Bryopesanser latesco Tilbrook, 2006: 255, pl. 55 D, pl. 56 A–C. Bryopesanser serratus Dick, Tilbrook & Mawatari, 2006: 2233, fig. 5 D–F. Escharina pesanseris: Amui & Kaselowsky 2006: 18, figs 21–22. Escharina pesanseris: Gluhak et al. 2007: 419, fig. 26 A–B. Bryopesanser sp. Sanfilippo et al. 2011 (part): 7. Material examined. Holotype: NHMUK 2003.10. 13.1, Magnetic Island, Townsville, Queensland. Other material examined: NHMUK 1998.6. 18.10, Hurghada, Red Sea; USNM 8224, Albatross Station 5147, off Sulade Island, Sulu Archipelago, 5 ° 41 ’ 40 ” N, 120 ° 47 ’ 10 ” E, 38 m (21 fms); NHM 2006.7. 21.17, Kapa’a Beach Park, Hawaii Island, 1 March 2005, 0.15 m low tide [holotype of B. serratus]; NHM 2006.7. 21.18, Kapa’a Beach Park, Hawaii Island, 1 March 2005, 0.15 m low tide [paratypes of B. serratus]. Description. Autozooids irregularly polygonal, 0.60–0.75 x 0.45–0.60 mm, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield granular, convex, pores small; large areolae, single or paired, lateral or proximal. Primary orifice slightly longer than wide, ca 0.11 x 0.10 mm anter deeply arched, proximal border straight; condyles slightly denticulate, shallow, dipping medially; sinus drop-shaped, wider than long. Autozooids with 7 oral spines, ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the most distal pair slightly incorporated into the ovicell. Proximal peristome widely flared, more raised medially. Avicularia originating lateral to second pair of spines, distomedially directed; rostrum medium-sized, open-ended, crossbar complete, mandible fan-shaped. Ovicell with a raised, pointed frontal process. Ancestrula longer than wide, ca 0.30 x 0.20 mm; 10 spines, 5 closely spaced distally, 5 widely spaced proximally; opesia over half of frontal surface. Remarks. Bryopesanser latesco is characterised by details of the primary orifice, with its straight proximal border, slightly denticulate shallow condyles that dip medially, wider-than-long sinus, and flared peristome that is raised slightly medially. The position of the avicularia is also characteristic, as is their distomedial orientation. B. latesco produces circular colonies with a maximum area of about 1 cm 2, which is relatively large compared to other species of the genus. Bryopesanser latesco differs from B. pesanseris in the position of its avicularia, though this can vary slightly within a colony, the medially dipping condyles, and the possession of a flared peristome rather than a peristome developed as a spire-like mucro. Whilst B. tonsillorum n. sp. also develops a peristomial mucro similar to B. latesco, this species differs from B. latesco in having multiporous frontal pores. B. tonsillorum n. sp. has much larger autozooids and smaller colonies than B. latesco. Dick et al. (2006) noted that the ancestrula of their species was similar in form to subsequent autozooids, if smaller. This appears to be an error (also made by Harmer, 1957: 1000); they have evidently described instead the first recognisable autozooid (broken in their figure; Dick et al. 2006: Fig. 12 C) produced by a missing tatiform ancestrula (cf. Tilbrook 2006: pl. 55 D, E). In Bryopesanser, the tatiform ancestrula produces a single primary autozooid distally, which in turn produces a single secondary autozooid distolaterally. The budding pattern then proceeds radially or, as Dick et al. (2006) described, i.e. with zooids of increasing size budded in a spiral pattern. The ancestrula may be subsequently overgrown, and thus obscured, leaving the primary autozooid as the apparent initiator of the colony (Cook 1968; Winston 1984). Distribution. Bryopesanser latesco is found throughout the Indo-Pacific from the Red Sea and the Maldives (Ostrovsky & Cáceres unpubl.), the Gulf of Aden (Amui & Kaselowsky 2006), Thailand (Sanfilippo et al. 2011), Taiwan (Gluhak et al. 2007), Philippines (Canu & Bassler 1929), Coral Sea, east to Hawaii (Dick et al. 2006) and at Bocas del Toro on the Caribbean coast of Panama (Tilbrook unpubl.).Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
Tarsocryptus Tilbrook, 2011, n. gen.
No full textGenus <i>Tarsocryptus</i> n. gen. <p> <b>Type species.</b> <i>Biflustra laboriosa</i> Tilbrook, 2006 (<i>nomen novum</i> for <i>Biflustra reticulata</i> Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon, 2001, a junior homonym).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Colony encrusting, membraniporiform. Well-developed zooidal cryptocyst covered in a raised reticulate ornamentation, and minimal gymnocyst proximally though varying in extent; calcified basal wall can be partially lacking. Ovicells, spines, avicularia, and other heteromorphs absent. Cyphonautes larvae producing a single ancestrula.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Greek, <i>tarsos</i>, woven mat; <i>kryptos</i>, hidden, alluding to the reticulate calcification on the proximal cryptocyst.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The new genus is erected for the type species which, as outlined above, is not easily assigned to any existing genus.</p> <p> The family Membraniporidae was once treated as a ‘catch-all’ for species with little or no frontal-wall calcification. Few of the species previously assigned to this family had any accompanying information about their larvae. Taylor & Monks (1997) restricted the family to those genera whose species produced a twinned ancestrular complex upon the metamorphosis of a cyphonautes larva. As <i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> produces a single ancestrula from a cyphonautes larva it is automatically excluded from the Membraniporidae. The Electridae is thought of as a paraphyletic taxon, but there are many similarities within species of genera assigned to this family, such as an extensive gymnocyst, production of spines, and kenozooids; but there are exceptions to all of these, e.g. no extensive gymnocyst in <i>Conopeum</i> Gray, 1848, no spines in <i>Pyripora</i> d'Orbigny, 1852 and no kenozooids in <i>Aspidelectra</i> Levinsen, 1909. <i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> is here assigned to the Electridae; however, this is only a tentative assignation subject to a comprehensive reassessment using both morphological and genetic data from the type species of each genus currently assigned to it.</p>Published as part of <i>Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2011, New genus for a unique species of Indo-West Pacific bryozoan, pp. 63-67 in Zootaxa 3134</i> on page 64, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/279480">10.5281/zenodo.279480</a>
Tarsocryptus laboriosa Tilbrook 2006, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> (Tilbrook, 2006) comb. nov. <p>(Figure 1)</p> <p> <i>Biflustra reticulata</i> Tilbrook, Hayward & Gordon, 2001: 38, fig. 2E.</p> <p> <i>Aplousina laevigata</i> (<i>nomen nudem</i>): Liu, Yin & Ma 2001: 448, pl. 17, figs 6, 7.</p> <p> <i>Biflustra reticulata</i>: Hayward 2001: 997, fig. 2A,B. <i>Biflustra laboriosa</i> Tilbrook, 2006: 20.</p> <p> <b>Material.</b> <i>Holotype</i>: NHMUK 1998.8.4.66, Port Vila Harbour, Efate, Vanuatu. <i>Paratypes</i>: NHMUK 1998.8.4.65, Port Vila Harbour, Efate, Vanuatu; NHMUK 1998.8.4.288, Erakor Lagoon, Efate, Vanuatu, collected by D. P. Gordon. <i>Other material examined</i>: MTQ G25162, NW of Palfrey Island, Lizard Island, 14.68976º S, 145.44014º E.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Colony encrusting, up to 2–3 cm 2. Autozooids irregularly oval, 0.50–0.60 x 0.25–0.35 mm, separated by shallow grooves. Gymnocyst minimal, varying in width, prominent proximally, but surrounding entire cryptocyst. Cryptocyst one third to one half of frontal area, extending to a greater or lesser extent either side of opesia, negligible distally, extensive proximally, flattened, smooth apart from a raised reticulate pattern of tubercles. Opesia oval to triangular (0.25–0.35 x 0.23–0.28 mm). A pair of multiporous septula in each lateral wall, up to 10 uniporous septula in transverse wall. Basal wall generally entire but partially lacking in some autozooids. Cyphonautes larva transparent (0.30–0.40 x 0.25–0.30 mm). Lophophore with 10 tentacles. Ancestrula ca 0.35 mm long, identical in morphology to subsequent autozooids, giving rise to pair of a different-sized first-generation autozooids distolaterally.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This unique species is extremely distinctive with its relatively large cryptocyst bearing a reticulate ornamentation, obvious even on the ancestrula. Hayward (2001) noted that <i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> larvae were collected during mid-September at Lizard Island and that they had all settled and metamorphosed within a day or two. Four days later, juvenile colonies were recorded, consisting of the ancestrula and two first-generation autozooids with an additional two zooidal buds. It is worth noting that Liu <i>et al</i>. (2001) found that colonies growing on the seagrass <i>Zostera japonica</i> had autozooids with a far greater range in size than those encrusting other substrata.</p> <p> The need to reassign <i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> has been apparent almost from the time of its first documentation. It is ironic that this newly documented species should be figured twice within the first year of its discovery, and these occurrences highlighted the need for a re-evaluation.</p> <p> As explained by Tilbrook (2006), Liu <i>et al</i>. (2001) recorded this species as ‘ <i>Aplousina laevigata</i> Liu & Ristedt, 2000 ’; however that epithet is a <i>nomen nudem</i> since the Liu & Ristedt paper recorded as ‘in press’ in the bibliography was never published.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. Originally described from Vanuatu, where it was often found encrusting species of the calcareous green alga <i>Halimeda</i>, <i>Tarsocryptus laboriosa</i> has subsequently been found as a fouling species in the South China Sea and as a coral-reef associate at Lizard Island on the northern Great Barrier Reef. This known distribution suggests that this species should also be found within the wider Indo-Philippine region.</p>Published as part of <i>Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2011, New genus for a unique species of Indo-West Pacific bryozoan, pp. 63-67 in Zootaxa 3134</i> on pages 64-66, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/279480">10.5281/zenodo.279480</a>
Bryopesanser puncturella Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full textBryopesanser puncturella n. sp. (Figures 26–28, Table 1) Escharina pesanseris: Harmer 1957 (part): 998. Material. Holotype (here selected): NHMUK 2000.2. 23.9, Siboga Stn 260 (559 B), 2.3 miles north and 63 ° west from north part of Nuhu Jaan, Kei Islands, 16 + 18.12.1899, 90 m. [Part of the Maluku Islands, Maluku Province, Indonesia.] Description. Colony up to 20 mm 2 in area, consisting of ca 100 autozooids. Autozooids 0.50–0.70 x 0.50–0.65 mm, hexagonal or irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield relatively smooth, slightly convex, evenly perforated with hundreds of minute pores, areolar septular pores at each lateral and proximal angle. Primary orifice longer than wide, ca 0.12 x 0.10 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal bor- der sloping proximally from midline, condyles coarsely denticulate, drop-shaped sinus longer than wide. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome narrowly flared. Avicularia originating lateral to second pair of spines, rostra large, open ended distally, crossbar complete, distomedially directed, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, producing a thickened proximal edge, a raised process frontally. Ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the distalmost pair incorporated into ovicell. Etymology. Latin punctura, holes; - ella, diminutive, alluding to the multitude of minute frontal pores. Remarks. Bryopesanser puncturella n. sp. is characterised by the details of the primary orifice, with its border sloping proximally away from the midline, coarsely denticulate condyles, longer-than-wide sinus, and the narrow but flared peristome. The position of the avicularia is also characteristic, as is the almost smooth-looking frontal shield, with its multitude of minute pores. Bryopesanser puncturella n. sp. differs from B. pesanseris in the shape of its oral condyles and the minute frontal pores it produces. Although B. puncturella n. sp. produces a flared peristome, it does not develop a peristomial mucro during ontogeny as seen in other Bryopesanser species. The production of a multitude of minute frontal pores is unique to B. puncturella n. sp. (B. gardineri n. sp. has similar-sized pores but they are not as numerous.) Harmer (1957), in discussing the type specimen, noted that the surface was “porcellanous and imperforate” and suggested that it might belong to a species other than B. pesanseris sensu stricto. Distribution. Bryopesanser puncturella n. sp. is represented only by a single specimen found in the Kei Islands, part of the Maluku Islands, Maluku Province, Indonesia.Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on page 51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
Bryopesanser crebricollis Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full textBryopesanser crebricollis n. sp. (Figures 43–45, Table 1) Material. Holotype (here selected): NHMUK 2000.2. 23.6, Siboga Stn 164, west of north end of New Guinea, 1 ° 45 ’ 5 ” S, 130 ° 47 ’ 5 ” E, 32 m, 20 August 1899. Description. Colony large, approx. 12 mm 2. Autozooids 0.50–0.70 x 0.30–0.40 mm, irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield pustulate, slightly convex, evenly perforated by numerous small multiporous pores, areolar septular pores at each lateral and proximal angle. Primary orifice as wide as long, ca 0.10 x 0.10 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal border straight, condyles slightly denticulate, sinus drop-shaped, as wide as long. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome slightly flared, surrounded by thickened collar of calcification, no median mucro. Avicularia originating between the most proximal pairs of spines, rostra medium-sized, with smooth edges, open-ended distally, crossbar complete, distomedially directed, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, producing a thickened proximal edge, sometimes with a raised process frontally. Ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the distalmost pair incorporated into ovicell. Etymology. Latin creber, thick; collum, neck, alluding to the discernible rim of calcification below the peristome. Remarks. Bryopesanser crebricollis n. sp. is characterised by the details of the primary orifice with its straight proximal border, slightly denticulate condyles, and the slightly flared peristome surrounded by a thickened collar of calcification. The position of the avicularia is also characteristic as is the pustulate nature of the frontal shield. Bryopesanser crebricollis n. sp. differs from B. pesanseris in the pustulate nature of the frontal shield and the slightly flared peristome surrounded by thickened collar of calcification. Distribution. Bryopesanser hebelomaia n. sp. is based on a single specimen from New Guinea.Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on page 57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
Bryopesanser ascendosolaris Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full text<i>Bryopesanser ascendosolaris</i> n. sp. <p>(Figures 32–34, Table 1)</p> <p> <i>Escharina pesanseris</i>: Harmer 1957 (part): 998.</p> <p> <b>Material.</b> <i>Holotype</i> (here selected): NHMUK 1998.6.318.8, Japan (possibly Mitsukuri, 1, reg. 23 September 1896, cited by Harmer, 1957: 999.)</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Colony very small, comprising only about 12 zooids; precocious. Autozooids 0.60–0.75 x 0.40– 0.50 mm, hexagonal or irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield smooth, slightly convex, evenly perforated with very few small pores, areolae laterally and proximally at each angle. Primary orifice longer than wide, ca 0.12 x 0.11 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal border straight, condyles minutely denticulate, sinus drop-shaped, much longer than wide. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome slightly flared, no median mucro. Avicularia originating lateral to most proximal pair of spines, rostra medium-sized, open-ended distally, crossbar complete, distally or distomedially directed, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, with a raised process frontally. Ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the most distal pair incorporated into ovicell.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. Latin <i>ascendensus</i>, climbing, rising; <i>sol</i>, sun: Named for the type locality, Japan, the land of the rising sun.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Bryopesanser ascendosolaris</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is characterised by the details of the primary orifice with its straight proximal border, minutely denticulate condyles, and the slightly flared peristome that does not develop a proximal mucro. The smooth frontal shield and abundance of frontal pores is also characteristic.</p> <p> <i>Bryopesanser ascendosolaris</i> differs <b>n. sp.</b> from <i>B. pesanseris</i> in the shape of its oral condyles and the slightly flared peristome that does not develop a proximal mucro. <i>B. ascendosolaris</i> <b>n. sp.</b> produces the least-defined peristome of the <i>Bryopesanser</i> species described herein.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> <i>Bryopesanser ascendosolaris</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is known from a single colony found in Japan.</p>Published as part of <i>Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165</i> on page 53, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/211674">10.5281/zenodo.211674</a>
Bryopesanser gardineri Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full textBryopesanser gardineri n. sp. (Figures 23–25, Table 1) Escharina pesanseris: Harmer, 1957 (part): 998. Material. Holotype (here selected): NHMUK 1998.6. 18.11, Funafuti, Tuvalu, J.S. Gardiner 11.01.1897, 73– 128 m (40–70 fms), 8 ° 31 ʹ S, 179 ° 13 ʹ E. Paratypes (here selected): NHMUK 1903.1.29.47B–D, Funafuti, Tuvalu, 110 m (60 fms). Other material examined: NHMUK 1903.1.29.47D, Funamanu, Tuvalu, 147 m (80 fms); NHMUK 2000.2. 23.6, Siboga Stn 274, off Jedan Island, 5 ° 28 ’ 2 ” S, 134 ° 53 ’ 9 ” E, 26.12.1899, 57 m; NHMUK (SEM# 2030), Tailevu (Viti Levu), Fiji, 17 ° 50 ʹ S, 178 ° 30 ʹ E. Description. Colony large, ca 16 mm 2. Autozooids 0.60–0.80 x 0.50–0.65 mm, hexagonal or irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield slightly nodular and convex, evenly perforated with numerous small multiporous pores, areolar septular pores laterally and proximally at each angle. Primary orifice as wide as long, ca 0.12 x 0.13 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal border convex, condyles coarsely denticulate, drop-shaped sinus, longer than wide. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome widely flared, developed into a raised, median mucro with ontogeny. Avicularia originating lateral to most proximal pair of spines, rostrum medium-sized, with serrated edges, open-ended distally, crossbar complete, distally or distomedially directed, mandible fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, producing a thickened proximal edge, sometimes with a raised process frontally. Ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the most distal pair incorporated into ovicell. Etymology. Named for Mr J.S. Gardiner who collected the type material of this species in 1897. Remarks. Bryopesanser gardineri n. sp. is characterised by the details of the orifice, with its convex proximal border, coarsely denticulate condyles and longer-than-wide sinus, and the widely flared peristome often develops into a proximal mucro. The position of the avicularia (crossbar adjacent to most proximal oral spine) and their serrated edges are also characteristic. Bryopesanser gardineri n. sp. differs from B. pesanseris in the shape of its oral condyles and in having multiporous frontal pores. These pores appear to develop late in ontogeny, but are also lost quite readily over time, leaving a frontal shield covered in large pores with jagged edges. The flared peristome of B. gardineri n. sp. sometimes develops a mucro, as in B. pesanseris, but the flaring is still visible. Multiporous frontal pores are found in four other Bryopesanser species. Distribution. Bryopesanser gardineri n. sp. is found in Tuvalu and Fiji in the western Pacific Ocean.Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on pages 49-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
Bryopesanser ecphymatotes Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full text<i>Bryopesanser ecphymatotes</i> n. sp. <p>(Figures 35–37, Table 1)</p> <p> <b>Material.</b> <i>Holotype</i> (here selected): NHMUK 1889.8.21.19, Tizard Reef, South China Sea. [Tizard Bank is a reef area in the northern part of the Spratly Group of islands, 10°15’51” N, 114°24’11” E.]</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Colony large, ca 15 mm 2 in area. Autozooids 0.60–0.80 x 0.50–0.60 mm, hexagonal or irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by grooves. Frontal shield covered by small ‘pimples’, slightly convex, evenly perforated by numerous pores, with small areolar septular pores at each lateral and proximal angle. Primary orifice longer than wide, ca 0.10 x 0.09 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal border straight, condyles smooth, sinus drop-shaped, as wide as long. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome flared, not developed into a median mucro. Avicularia originating lateral to second pair of spines, rostra medium-sized, open-ended distally, crossbar complete, distomedially directed, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, producing a thickened proximal edge, a raised frontal process lacking. Ovicellate zooids with 6 oral spines, the most distal pair incorporated into ovicell.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. Greek <i>ecphymatos</i>, eruption of pimples, alluding to the nature of the frontal shield sculpturing.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Bryopesanser ecphymatotes</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is characterised by the details of the primary orifice with its straight proximal border, smooth condyles, sinus as wide as long, and flared peristome. The ‘pimpled’ surface of the frontal shield is also characteristic, although not unique among the <i>Bryopesanser</i> species described herein; <i>B. lobiones</i> <b>n. sp.</b> also possesses a similar frontal-shield morphology but this species produces multiporous frontal pores and a peristomial mucro.</p> <p> <i>Bryopesanser ecphymatotes</i> <b>n. sp.</b> differs from the other species described herein in the shape of its oral proximal border, more specifically in its smooth oral condyles, and the ‘pimpled’ frontal shield; it also produces a flared peristome but lacks both a peristomial mucro and frontal process on the ovicell.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> The species is known from a single specimen found in the South China Sea.</p>Published as part of <i>Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165</i> on pages 53-55, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/211674">10.5281/zenodo.211674</a>
Bryopesanser lobiones Tilbrook, 2012, n. sp.
No full textBryopesanser lobiones n. sp. (Figures 41, 42, Table 1) Mastigophora dutertrei var. pesanseris: Kirkpatrick 1888 (part): 77.? Escharina pesanseris: Hayward 1988 (part): 314. Material. Holotype (here selected): NHMUK 1934.10. 6.17, Mauritius. Other material examined: NHMUK 1888.1. 25.13, Mauritius. V. Robillard col.; NHMUK 1934.10. 6.17, Mauritius; NHMUK 1888.3. 8.4, Mauritius, 128 m (70 fms). Description. Autozooids 0.70–0.90 x 0.40–0.60 mm, hexagonal or irregularly polygonal, distinct, separated by shallow grooves. Frontal shield covered by small ‘pimples’, slightly convex, evenly perforated with numerous small multiporous pores, areolar septular pores at each lateral and proximal angle. Primary orifice longer than wide, ca 0.14 x 0.12 mm excluding sinus, anter deeply arched, proximal border sloping proximally from midline, condyles denticulate, sinus drop-shaped, longer than wide. Oral spines 7, evenly spaced. Proximal peristome flared, developed into a raised, spire-like median mucro early in ontogeny. Avicularia originating lateral to most proximal pair of spines, rostra medium-sized, open-ended distally, crossbar complete, distally directed, mandibles fan-shaped. Ovicell hyperstomial, producing a thickened proximal edge, with a raised process frontally. Ovicellate zooids with six oral spines, the distalmost pair incorporated into ovicell. Etymology. Greek lobos, an elongated projection (diminutive), alluding to the tall mucrones, extensions to the oral peristome. Remarks. Bryopesanser lobiones n. sp. is characterised by the details of the primary orifice with its proximal border sloping proximally from the midline and the peristome developed into a spire-like median mucro. The ‘pimpled’ sculpturing of the frontal shield and the presence of multiporous frontal pores is also characteristic. This suite of characters enables B. lobiones to be distinguished from other species in the genus. Bryopesanser lobiones n. sp. like B. capitaneus, as both possess a raised peristomial mucro and multiporous frontal pores. However, whereas B. lobiones produces a ‘pimpled’ frontal shield and a proximal oral border that slopes proximally from the midline, B. capitaneus has a smooth frontal shield and a straight proximal oral border with condyles sloping proximo-medially. Distribution. Bryopesanser lobiones n. sp. is known only from Mauritius.Published as part of Tilbrook, Kevin J., 2012, Review of the bryozoan genus Bryopesanser Tilbrook, 2006 (Escharinidae: Cheilostomata) with the description of 11 new species, pp. 39-63 in Zootaxa 3165 on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21167
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