408 research outputs found
Nexus of 6G and Blockchain for Authentication of Aerial and IoT Devices
No full textInternet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated sensors and computers to transfer data over a network. However, the sensors, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and other IoT equipment used are susceptible to different security attacks. Dumb sensors are used to collect data in hostile environments. Dumb sensors are low powered sensors that lack computational power to perform cryptological operations. These sensors are preferred over high powered sensors due to their low electrical signature, but they have negligible computing power. To overcome the loss of authentication data due to node capture and lack of sensor location verification, we propose the Nexus of 6G and Blockchain for Authentication (NBA) system. The NBA system utilizes a permissioned blockchain-based network of UAVs and smart sensors to prevent code tampering. The system enables two-way trusted data transfer between UAVs and dumb sensors through a novel Hybrid Physical Unclonable Function Hashing (HPUFH) model. The system also utilizes a novel Pattern-based Signal Strength Correlation (PbSSC) algorithm to detect any unexpected location changes in the dumb sensor field. The extensive security and performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed system is highly efficient and secure with a linear computational cost proportional to the number of challenge-response pairs
Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Destruction and Central Nervous System Invasion in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
No full textThe use of intensified multiagent and prophylactic central nervous system (CNS)-directed chemotherapy has achieved improved survival for pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, skeletal morbidities and CNS leukemia continue to pose significant clinical challenges in B-ALL patients underscoring the need to identify the underlying mechanisms and to develop effective targeted therapies. My thesis project aimed to elucidate molecular mechanisms of bone destruction and CNS invasion in B-ALL and to provide evidence for potential targeted therapies to ameliorate these complications. Using a genetically sensitized mouse model of spontaneous B-ALL and primary patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models, we demonstrated that B-ALL cells cause bone destruction and identified the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK-RANKL) ligand axis as critical in these effects. Treatment of PDX mice with a RANKL antagonist recombinant Osteoprotegerin-Fc (rOPG-Fc) conferred robust protection from bone destruction. We examined routes of leukemic cell entry into the CNS and demonstrated that both mouse and primary human B-ALL cells migrated to the skull and vertebral bone marrow (BM) and further transited into the subarachnoid (SA) space of the CNS. Strikingly, rOPG-Fc protected both skull and vertebral BM from human B-ALL cell invasion and prevented transit into the SA space. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in human BCR-ABL+ PDX mice prevented leukemic cell migration from skull/vertebral BM into the SA space. Overall, these findings demonstrate two mechanisms of CNS invasion by B-ALL that can be opposed by targeted treatments. Finally, we identified unique transcriptional and functional signatures in pediatric mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) which reveal distinct cell intrinsic behavior of lymphoid- and myeloid-like MLL populations and striking adaptations to the CNS microenvironment. Collectively, this thesis reports novel molecular mechanisms of B-ALL mediated bone destruction and CNS invasion and identifies actionable therapeutic targets to reduce these morbidities.Ph.D.2021-07-21 00:00:0
<smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"> Traditional Herbal Medicinal Knowledge in Sagar Taluk of Shimoga District, Karnataka, India </smarttagtype></smarttagtype></smarttagtype>
No full text102-108
An ethno-medico-botanical field survey was
conducted from May 2006 to July 2007 to document the uses of medicinal plants
by traditional herbal healers in Sagar taluk of Shimoga district, Karnataka State, India. The information about plant
species and their local name, part used, mode of drug preparation, dosage and
duration was collected from 22 herbal practitioners and knowledgeable elder
people residing in 10 randomly selected villages using semi-structured and
questionnaire based interviews. In the present study, a total of 48 plant
species belonging to 44 genera and 31 families used by folk practitioners to
treat various common to chronic human and veterinary ailments were documented.
Traditional healers in the study villages have a fairly good knowledge about
the medicinal values of locally available plants, discussed in this paper.
</smarttagtype
Synthesis, Photophysical, and Antioxidant Properties of Rhodamine B Decorated Novel Dendrimers
No full textNovel triazole bridged dendrimers with rhodamine B derivative as surface groups have been achieved using click chemistry by both divergent and convergent approaches. Rhodamine B decorated dendrimers 1, 2, and 3 were synthesised up to the second generation with spirolactam grafted at the terminal. The UV and fluorescence intensity increases with the increase in the dendritic generation. The synthesised rhodamine B decorated dendrimers show significant antioxidant behaviour compared with the standards butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) and gallic acid when tested by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay methods, respectively. Rhodamine B decorated higher generation dendrimers exhibit better antioxidant activity than the lower generation dendrimers due to the presence of a greater number of triazole branching units and rhodamine B derivative surface units.</jats:p
BCAP links IL-1R to the PI3K-mTOR pathway and regulates pathogenic Th17 cell differentiation
No full textThe toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin (IL)-1 family of receptors share several signaling components, including the most upstream adapter, MyD88. We previously reported the discovery of B cell adapter for phosphoinositide 3-kinase (BCAP) as a novel toll-IL-1 receptor homology domain-containing adapter that regulates inflammatory responses downstream of TLR signaling. Here we find that BCAP plays a critical role downstream of both IL-1 and IL-18 receptors to regulate T helper (Th) 17 and Th1 cell differentiation, respectively. Absence of T cell intrinsic BCAP did not alter development of naturally arising Th1 and Th17 lineages but led to defects in differentiation to pathogenic Th17 lineage cells. Consequently, mice that lack BCAP in T cells had reduced susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. More importantly, we found that BCAP is critical for IL-1R-induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, and minimal inhibition of mTOR completely abrogated IL-1β-induced differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells, mimicking BCAP deficiency. This study establishes BCAP as a critical link between IL-1R and the metabolic status of activated T cells that ultimately regulates the differentiation of inflammatory Th17 cells.</p
Bad to the bone: B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells mediate bone destruction
No full textSkeletal morbidities continue to cause acute and long-term burdens for B-ALL patients underscoring the need to identify the mechanisms underlying these processes and to develop effective therapies. Our recent findings demonstrated that B-ALL cells isolated at patient diagnosis can cause bone destruction and have identified the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B (RANK-RANKL) ligand axis as a critical effector of these effects
[P225]: Disrupted development of thalamocortical fibres leads to imbalance in excitation:inhibition ratio in adult cerebral cortex
No full textCharacterisation of a recombinant plasmid encoding leptospiral antigen
No full textThis thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field
Cl Atom-Initiated Photo-Oxidation Reactions of Vinyl Trifluoroacetate and Allyl Trifluoroacetate in Tropospheric Conditions
No full textRelative
rate (RR) technique coupled with gas chromatography (GC)
was used to investigate the kinetics of the reactions of two hydrofluoroesters
(allyl trifluoroacetate (CF3C(O)OCH2CHCH2, ATFA) and vinyl trifluoroacetate (CF3C(O)OCHCH2, VTFA)) with Cl atoms between 268 and 363 K and at 760 Torr
of N2 (or air). The temperature-dependent Arrhenius expressions
for the title reactions were obtained to be k268–363KVTFA+Cl = [(7.83 ± 2.26) × 10–12 exp((974
± 89)/T)] cm3 molecule–1 s–1 and k268–363KATFA+Cl = [(9.03
± 1.92) × 10−12 exp((883 ±
65)/T)] cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively. A negative temperature dependency
was observed for both the reactions. In addition to this, the kinetics
of the studied reactions was evaluated computationally at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//MP2/6-311++G(d,p)
level of theory in the temperature range of 200–400 K using
canonical variational transition (CVT) state theory in conjunction
with small curvature tunneling (SCT) corrections and interpolated
single point energy (ISPE) methods. The product analysis of the reactions
of VTFA and ATFA with Cl atoms in the presence of O2 was
also investigated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
(GC-MS) and gas chromatography–infrared spectroscopy (GC-IR).
The plausible oxidation mechanism of the title reactions was proposed
based on the product analyses. Further, to comprehend the impact of
these molecules on the troposphere, atmospheric lifetimes, lifetime-corrected
radiative forcing (RF), and global warming potential (GWP) were estimated
and are presented in this manuscript
Kinetics and Mechanistic Study for Gas Phase Tropospheric Photo-oxidation Reactions of 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl Methacrylate with OH Radicals and Cl Atoms: An Experimental and Computational Approach
No full textThe photo-oxidation reactions of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl
methacrylate
(TFEMA) initiated by OH radicals and Cl atoms were investigated via
experimental as well as computational methodologies. The rate coefficients
for these reactions were investigated using the relative rate technique
(RR) at temperatures between 268 and 363 K. The rate coefficients
for the reaction of OH radicals with TFEMA were measured with reference
to diethyl ether and propylene. Propane and propylene were used in
the kinetic measurements as reference compounds. At 298 K, experimentally
obtained rate coefficients for the reaction of TFEMA with OH radicals
and Cl atoms are kTFEMA+OHexp–298K = (2.81 ± 0.54) ×
10–11 and kTFEMA+Clexp–298K = (1.91
± 0.44) × 10–10 cm3 molecule–1 s–1, respectively. The Arrhenius
expression obtained for the respective reactions are kTFEMA+OHexp–(268–363K) = (7.32 ± 0.62) × 10–12 exp[(400
± 53) and kTFEMA+Clexp–(268–363K) = (4.10 ±
0.78) × 10–12 exp[(1228 ± 115)/T]. To further complement our experimental findings, rate
coefficients were also calculated computationally for the reactions
of OH radicals and Cl atoms with TFEMA at CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ//M062X/6-31+G(d,p)
and CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ//MP2/6-31+G(d,p) levels of theory using canonical
variational transition state theory (CVT) with small curvature tunneling
(SCT) over the temperature range 200–400 K. Moreover, to analyze
the end products formed during the title reactions, qualitative analyses
were performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)
and gas chromatography–infrared spectroscopy (GC–IR)
as analytical tools and degradation mechanisms were proposed for the
title reactions. Branching ratios, thermochemical parameters of these
reactions, and their impact on the troposphere were discussed
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