521 research outputs found
Managing technology risk in R&D project planning: Optimal timing and parallelization of R&D activities.
No full textAn inherent characteristic of R&D projects is technological uncertainty, which may result in project failure, and time and resources spent without any tangible return. In pharmaceutical projects, for instance, stringent scientific procedures have to be followed to ensure patient safety and drug efficacy in pre-clinical and clinical tests before a medicine can be approved for production. A project consists of several stages, and may have to be terminated in any of these stages, with typically a low likelihood of success. In project planning and scheduling, this technological uncertainty has typically been ignored, and project plans are developed only for scenarios in which the project succeeds. In this paper, we examine how to schedule projects in order to maximize their expected net present value, when the project activities have a probability of failure, and where an activity's failure leads to overall project termination. We formulate the problem, show that it is NP-hard and develop a branchand- bound algorithm that allows to obtain optimal solutions. We also present polynomial-time algorithms for special cases, and present a number of managerial insights for R&D project and planning, including the advantages and disadvantages of parallelization of R&D activities in different settings.Applications; Branch-and-bound; Computational complexity; Exact algorithms programming; Integer; Pharmaceutical; Project management; Project scheduling; R&D projects analysis of algorithms; Risk industries;
PRP intra-articular injection and viscosupplementation as therapeutic treatments for early osteoarthritis: multicentre retrospective cohort study in 150 patients at 6 months follow up
No full textObjectives: The influence of the growth factors on cartilage repair is not
yet widely studied and its application in clinics is still experimental.
Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP), a blood derived rich in growth factors, is a promising method for treatment of cartilage defects. Aim of this study is to
evaluate and compare the efficacy of PRP and Viscosupplementation (HA)
i.a. injections for treatment of severe chondropathies of the knee.
Methods: The study involved 150 patients affected by chondropathy, early
Osteoarthritis and severe Osteoarthritis. 50 symptomatic patients were
treated with 3 autologous PRP intra-articular injections and evaluated
prospectively. For PRP production 150 ml of venous blood were collected
from each patient and underwent a double centrifugation, increasing
platelet concentration. All patients were clinically evaluated at the
enrolment, at the end of the treatment, at 6 months follow up. The results
obtained were also compared with two homogeneous group of patients
treated in two different centers with HA injections, one group was treated
with injections of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronan and the other group
was treated with Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronan. IKDC and EQ-VAS
scores were used for clinical evaluation and patient satisfaction and
functional status were also recorded.
Results: The comparison between the outcomes of the three groups was
statistically significative (p\0,0005), reporting a superiority of PRP group
at any times of F-up.
Conclusions: Autologous PRP injections demonstrated more and longer
efficacy than HA injections in reducing pain, symptoms and recovering
articular function in patients affected by severe chondropathies of the
knee
A note on moves and on irregular coverings of S4
No full textGiven a 3-fold simple (i.e. generic branched) covering p:M→S3, a standard modification (called "move C'' in this paper and due to the author and the reviewer in their theses in 1972) permits one to change the branch set but not the covering manifold M. Hence, given two simple coverings pi:M→S3, i=1,2, of degree three, one may ask whether it is possible to pass from p1 to p2 by a finite sequence of moves C or C−1. Using cobordism techniques developed by the author and the reviewer [cf. the author, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 245 (1978/79), 453–467; the reviewer, Manuscripta Math. 29 (1979), no. 1, 1–10;] it is shown that for M=4#(S1×S2) there are simple coverings p1 and p2 which cannot be related by any sequence of moves C, C−1. The proof relies on a result by A. Edmonds [Algebraic and geometric topology, Part 2 (Stanford, Calif., 1976), 13–18, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., XXXII, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 1978;]. The question remains open for M=S3.Depto. de Álgebra, Geometría y TopologíaFac. de Ciencias MatemáticasTRUEpu
Party politics, Panchayat and conflict in a West-Bengal village
No full textPT: J; CR: BETEILLE A, 1980, PEASANTS HIST ESSAYS, P107 DAHRENDORF R, 1973, SOCIAL CHANGE SOURCE, P100 DASGUPTA B, PANCHAYAT LAND REFOR DASGUPTA S, 1986, CASTE KINSHIP COMMUN DASGUPTA S, 1986, NATIONAL SEMINAR RUR MANDELBAUM DG, 1970, SOC INDIA CHANGE CON, V2 MUKHOPADHYAY RS, 1984, SOCIAL CHANGE, V14, P53 NARAYAN J, 1962, PANCHAYATI RAJ BASIS NARAYAN J, 1970, COMMUNICATION SOC PA; NR: 9; TC: 0; J9: MAN INDIA; PG: 18; GA: U3255Source type: Electronic(1
DS_10.1177_0363546519860522 – Supplemental material for Injury Surveillance in Major League Soccer: A 4-Year Comparison of Injury on Natural Grass Versus Artificial Turf Field
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1177_0363546519860522 for Injury Surveillance in Major League Soccer: A 4-Year Comparison of Injury on Natural Grass Versus Artificial Turf Field by Sean P. Calloway, David M. Hardin, Matthew D. Crawford, J. Michael Hardin, Lawrence J. Lemak, Eric Giza, Brian Forsythe, Yining Lu, Bhavik H. Patel, Daryl C. Osbahr, Michael B. Gerhardt, Bert R. Mandelbaum and William W. Baldwin in The American Journal of Sports Medicine</p
PRP intra-articular injection versus viscosupplementation as treatments for early osteoarthritis
No full textLectures on 3-fold simple coverings and 3-manifolds
No full textThe author presents various ideas, proofs, constructions and tricks connected with branched coverings of 3-manifolds. After an introductory section on 2-fold branched coverings of S3 the main theme of 3-fold irregular coverings is introduced.
A short proof is given of the Montesinos-Hilden theorem concerning the presentation of a (closed, oriented) 3-manifold as an irregular 3-fold covering of S3. Coloured links, associated with irregular 3-fold coverings, are discussed, and moves on coloured links which do not alter the associated covering.
The last section contains an elegant proof of a theorem of Hilden and the author: Every closed oriented 3-manifold is a simple 3-fold covering of S3 branched over a knot so that the branching cover bounds an embedded disc. A consequence of this is the fact that every such 3-manifold is parallelizable. Finally the following result of H. M. Hilden , M. T. Lozano and the author [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 279 (1983), no. 2, 729–735;] is proved: Every closed oriented 3-manifold is the pullback of any 3-fold simple branched covering p:S3→S3 and some smooth map Ω:S3→S3 transversal to the branching set of p. This implies an earlier result of Hilden: the possibility to embed any closed oriented 3-manifold M in S3×D2 so that the composition with the projection in the first factor is a 3-fold simple covering.Depto. de Álgebra, Geometría y TopologíaFac. de Ciencias MatemáticasTRUEpu
Brazilian psychosocial histories of psychoanalysis
No full textBook synopsis: This edited volume provides a critical history of psychoanalysis in Brazil. Written mainly by Brazilian historians and practitioners of psychoanalysis, the chapters address some central questions about psychoanalysis’ social role. How did psychoanalysis develop and flourish in a society in which modernisation was accompanied by inequality, authoritarianism and violence? How did psychoanalysis survive in Brazil alongside censorship and repression? Through a variety of lenses, the contributors demonstrate how psychoanalysis in Brazil presented itself as progressive and transformative and maintained this self-image even as it developed institutional structures that reproduce the authoritarianism of the wider society.
This novel work offers rich conceptual and practical insights for academic researchers and practitioners of psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and addresses methodological questions of concern to academics working across the social sciences. Crucially, it also outlines a distinctive vision of psychoanalysis seen through a Brazilian lens, which will be of interest to readers seeking to confront the Eurocentric and North American bias of much psychoanalytic debate
Have federal spending and taxation contributed to the divergence of state per capita incomes in the 1980s?
No full textTaxation ; Income
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