3,271 research outputs found
Cycloporus pinkipus Egger & Dittmann 2023, sp. n.
No full text<i>Cycloporus pinkipus</i> Egger & Dittmann sp. n. <p>(Figs. 1–6)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Cycloporus pinkipus</i> sp. n. specimens #1 and #2 used for molecular analysis. Specimens #3 and #5 sagittally sectioned. Specimens #1, #2, #3, #4 and #5 used for live observations. Specimen #6 cross-sectioned.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Serial sections of holotype and paratypes submitted to the Natural History Museum Vienna, Austria. GenBank accession numbers of partial nuclear ribosomal subunits of specimen #2 are OQ676574 (18S) and OQ676575 (28S). The ZooBank registration number is urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6765D50D-C5C8-44D3-A032- 29FDFAC6165F.</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> One sagittally sectioned specimen (#3) stained with AZAN (NHMW-ZOO-EV-M-5880).</p> <p> <b>Paratype 1.</b> One sagittally sectioned specimen (#5) stained with AZAN (NHMW-ZOO-EV-M-5881).</p> <p> <b>Paratype 2.</b> One cross-sectioned specimen (#6) stained with AZAN (NHMW-ZOO-EV-M-5882).</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Port of Punat, Krk, Croatia (45°01’23’’N 14°37’41’’E).</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> Animals were found in brown algae.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet ‘pinkipus’ refers to the typical pink spots which characterises the dorsal colouration, and rhymes with ‘Cycloporus’.</p>Published as part of <i>Dittmann, Isabel L., Grosbusch, Alexandra L., Bertemes, Philip & Egger, Bernhard, 2023, A new species of Cycloporus from the Adriatic Sea, with an updated phylogeny of the families Euryleptidae and Stylostomidae (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes), pp. 235-248 in Zootaxa 5319 (2)</i> on page 237, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5319.2.5, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8182500">http://zenodo.org/record/8182500</a>
signaling in antigen receptor-activated B lymphocytes
No full textB cells respond to antigen stimulation with mobilization of the Ca2+ second messenger in two phases operated by two distinct sets of effector proteins. First, an antigen receptor-specific Ca2+ initiation complex is assembled, activated, and targeted to the plasma membrane to trigger the transient release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores of the endoplasmic reticulum. Second, more ubiquitously expressed Ca2+ channels of the plasma membrane are opened to allow for sustained Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium. Depending on the developmental stage of the B cell, the kinetics and profile of the two phases are adjusted at multiple levels of positive and negative regulation. A molecular basis for the Ca2+ signaling plasticity is provided by cytosolic and transmembrane adapter proteins. They act as signal organizers, which control enzyme/substrate interactions by directing the different signaling modules into specific subcellular compartments. These arrangements orchestrate a graduated activation of Ca2+-sensitive downstream pathways, which ultimately determine appropriate cellular responses, namely elimination of autoreactive B cells or proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells
Pericelis tectivorum Dittmann & Dibiasi & Noreña & Egger 2019, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Pericelis tectivorum</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 1–6)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Pericelis tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> specimens #5; #10, sagittally sectioned.</p> <p> <b>Type material</b>. Sagittal serial sections of the holotype (NHMW_EvMicro 5771/1-45) and paratype (NHMW EvMicro 5772/1-250), and marginal tissue sample in 100% ethanol of the paratype (NHMW EvWet 21221) submitted to the Natural History Museum Vienna, Austria).</p> <p> <b>Holotype.</b> One sagittally sectioned specimen (#5) stained with Azan.</p> <p> <b>Paratype.</b> One sagittally sectioned specimen (#10) stained with Azan.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Commercial seawater aquarium 'Alpenriff' in Innsbruck (Tirol; Austria).</p> <p> <b>Other material observed.</b> Live observations of four live specimens from Landeck (including specimen #2), seven from Innsbruck (including specimens #5, #7 and #10). Partial 28S sequences of one specimen from Landeck (#2) and three specimens from Innsbruck (#5, #7, #10). <b>Histological remarks.</b> One sample, #7, was found to be not fixed well and the tissue appeared broken and disjointed in the sections. Therefore, it was not used for further analyses. The Azan trichrome staining looks markedly different in colour and intensity between holotype (#5) and paratype (#10), although the same recipe was used. The thickness of the sections (25–30 µm in #5 and 10 µm in #10) and the age of the prepared solutions may have influenced the appearance.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> After the observed prey of the species, <i>Tectus fenestratus</i> (Gmelin, 1791), a snail of the family Tegulidae and after the Latin word 'vorare' which means 'devour' in English.</p> <p> <b>Synonym.</b> In German, this or a related species are referred to as the 'Leopardenstrudelwurm' (the 'leopard turbellarian').</p> <p> <b>Appearance.</b> Elongated oval body, holotype 7 cm long and 4 cm wide (paratype: 5 cm long and 3 cm wide). The pharynx length is about 50% of the body length. Two thin marginal tentacles at anterior body edge (Fig 1A, B). Margin slightly ruffled. Cerebral eyes clusters posterior to a well-marked V-shaped notch between the tentacles, well separated, elongated, oval in form, directly merging to a line of frontal eyes extending in a fan-like shape towards the tentacles. From anterior to posterior, the line of frontal eyes is about the same length as the cerebral eye cluster (Fig. 2). Tentacle eyes are especially dense at the tips (Figs. 1B, 2). Dorsal colouration with white spots on dark brown background, highest density of spots along the margins, darkest in colour along the median line (Fig. 1A). Ventral colouration: whitish, nearly bluish grey, dendritic markings in the shade of pearl white (Fig. 1D). Genital pores in the posterior third. Male and female genital pores very close (ca. 50 µm apart) to each other, but no common gonopore. Sucker lies just posterior to the female gonopore (Figs. 1E, 3A, 4B).</p> <p> <b>Reproductive system</b>. In both, the holotype and the paratype, the male and female copulatory organs are well developed (Fig. 3). Male copulatory complex shows a spherical seminal vesicle (Fig. 5 E–K); two paired, heavily muscularised spermiducal bulbs (Fig. 5 A–B, T–W), laterally orientated. Without prostatic vesicle or prostatic glands; ejaculatory duct narrow and long. Penis papilla cylindrical (0.5–0.6 mm long), U-shaped (holotype, Figs. 5 G–P, 6A) or pointing ventro-posteriorly (paratype, Fig. 4A, C). Tapered in the last distal section. The whole penis papilla projects into the male atrium.Female genital complex with about six uterine vesicles per side, starting posteriorly at the level of the sucker and proceeding anteriorly (Figs. 3A, 4B). Female atrium or vagina externa of <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> runs upwards from the female gonopore and expands at the level of the cement pouch (Figs. 3B, 4A). Vagina interna narrows afterwards, turns downwards and opens into the oviduct.</p> <p> <b>Lab cultures and feeding.</b> <i>Pericelis tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> was observed to prey on <i>Tectus fenestratus</i> mainly at night. During daytime, worms were hidden under stones or other objects in the commercial aquarium (pers. com. Christian Hepperger). In lab cultures, the worms were observed to slide over the snail shell and stay in this position for several minutes. In some cases, the snail started strongly to turn back and forth. However, we were not able to recognise if this was active movement of the snail or if it was moved by <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> The feeding act could not be observed, but devoured snails were recognised by the presence of empty snail shells and associated opercula. Both the snail shell and the operculum were intact and not damaged by the worm. Dark food particles were clearly noticeable in the gut of <i>Pericelis</i>.</p> <p> <b>Molecular analyses based on partial 28S rDNA sequences.</b> In our phylogenetic reconstruction of four different species of the genus <i>Pericelis</i> (Fig. 7), the specimens of <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> are recovered with maximal support as sister group of <i>P. byerleyana</i>, and these two are sister group of <i>P. orbicularis</i>. <i>P. cata</i> is sister group of all other available <i>Pericelis</i> species.</p> <p> Sequence identity was found to be 100% between all sequences of <i>Pericelis tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> (one specimen from Landeck, three from Innsbruck) in the 941-nucleotide partial 28S alignment. Between <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>P. byerleyana</i>, 99.35% identity (6 nucleotides difference), and between <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>P. orbicularis</i>, 98.18% identity (17 nucleotides difference) was observed.</p> <p> In a longer alignment with a length of 1362 nucleotides of only <i>P. tectivorum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> sequences, three sequences from Landeck and Innsbruck were 100% identical (#2, #5, #10), while #7 was in two nucleotide positions (99.85% identity).</p>Published as part of <i>Dittmann, Isabel L., Dibiasi, Wolfgang, Noreña, Carolina & Egger, Bernhard, 2019, Description of the snail-eating flatworm in marine aquaria, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes), pp. 383-397 in Zootaxa 4565 (3)</i> on pages 385-388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.5, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2590313">http://zenodo.org/record/2590313</a>
Idioplanidae Dittmann, Cuadrado, Aguado, Norena & Egger 2019
No full textFamily Idioplanidae Dittmann, Cuadrado, Aguado, Noreña & Egger 2019 <p> <b> Genus <i>Idioplana</i> Woodworth, 1898</b> </p> <p> <i>Woodworthia</i> Laidlaw, 1904b: 128–130, figs 1, 9.</p> <p> <i>Idioplanoides</i> Barbour, 1912: 187.</p> <p> <i>Idioplana</i> Faubel, 1983: 68–69, fig. 15.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b> (after Faubel 1983): Idioplanidae with tentacles; tentacular, cerebral and marginal eye-spots present. Male copulatory apparatus with seminal vesicle and papillate unarmed penis; <i>vasa deferentia</i> immediately unite before entering the seminal vesicle. Female apparatus extending dorsally along the male complex from an anterior position of the male apparatus. Lang’s vesicle anchor-shaped.</p> <p> <b>Type species:</b> <i>Idioplana australiensis</i> Woodworth, 1898.</p>Published as part of <i>Rodríguez, Jorge, Hutchings, Pat A. & Williamson, Jane E., 2021, Biodiversity of intertidal marine flatworms (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes) in southeastern Australia, pp. 1-63 in Zootaxa 5024 (1)</i> on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5024.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5258775">http://zenodo.org/record/5258775</a>
Band 7
No full textThis book belongs to one series that seems a variation of another series. This series is published by Klinke and I now have volumes 6 through 10. This series includes Neuere Deutsche Fabeln and others. The other series is published by Alfo Kunstdruck Verlag in Kaiserslautern and includes Deutsche Fabeln aus dem 16. und 18. Jahrhundert von Luther und Lessing and others. There is even a third series of two books identical with Alfo editions but lacking notice of a publisher. All three types have the same canvas binding and the same striped cover format with a picture at the center. Volumes in all have 32 pages and fourteen fables. The editor remains the same for all, but illustrators vary within and among the series. In fact, this copy has a gray band apparently pasted on its pink cover; the band announces Mit Bildern von Elsa Schnell-Dittmann. She is not mentioned inside the volume. Might this band be covering indication of a different illustrator? There is a T of C at the beginning. The color work for the fourteen fables here is simple and pleasing. Each fable's text is on the left-hand page with a colored illustration on the right-hand page. Below each colored illustration is a simple sketch of a different phase of the fable. The cover illustration, repeated on 21, may be among the best. It presents Leonardo's The Rock. A rock works itself loose from its cliff in order to find the big world down on the road. There it gets stepped upon and ridden over -- and begins to long to be back where it was. Thus many leave the pleasant life of the countryside to live in the city. A table at the book's end reveals the authors of each fable. Two come from Juan Manuel, three from Felix Maria de Samaniego, two from Tomas Iriarte, one from Ramon de Campoamor, and one each from Leonardo da Vinci, Clemente Bondi, Aurelio de Giorg Bertola, Gherardo de Rossi, Ivan Krylov, and Ivan Turgenev. Rossi's The Horse and the Fox is new to me. The horse beats the bull in a race, and everyone except the fox praises the horse. I will wait until he beats the stag.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: GermanBearbeitet und Herausgegeben von Dr. Jakob Szlisk
Charge-transfer in B-site-depleted NdGaO 3 /SrTiO 3 heterostructures
No full textCation stoichiometry has been identified as a major key in establishing 2-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) in oxide heterostructures. Here, we discuss a 2DEG formation scenario in B-site deficient perovskite/perovskite heterostructures, which previously were predicted to show insulating behavior. We elaborate an ionic picture based on oxygen-vacancy-buffered B-site vacancy defects in the polar oxide layer that yields a continuous transition from 2DEG formation to less conducting interfaces to insulating interfaces with increasing B-site deficiency. Experimentally, a corresponding modulation of charge transfer across NdGaO3/SrTiO3 interfaces is inferred using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and transport experiments. With increasing B-site deficiency, we observe a decrease of the interfacial Ti3+ core level contribution, indicating a reduced charge transfer at the interface. This result is corroborated by temperature-dependent transport measurements, revealing increased low temperature resistance, with a dominant influence of a reduced electron density in the Ga-depleted sample. We consider a redistribution of oxygen vacancies in the B-site deficient polar oxide layer to explain the alleviated interface reconstruction, adding a new perspective on potential built-up in polar-oxide thin films
Goyder Institute blue carbon research projects: synthesis report
No full textAlice R. Jones, Sabine Dittmann, Luke Mosley, Michelle Clanahan, Kieren Beaumont, Michelle Waycott, Bronwyn M. Gillander
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Cycloporus from the Adriatic Sea, with an updated phylogeny of the families Euryleptidae and Stylostomidae (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes)
No full textFIGURE 8. Drawings of A. Cycloporus papillosus var. levigatus and B–C. Cycloporus papillosus as shown in Lang (1884). Original scale.Published as part of Dittmann, Isabel L., Grosbusch, Alexandra L., Bertemes, Philip & Egger, Bernhard, 2023, A new species of Cycloporus from the Adriatic Sea, with an updated phylogeny of the families Euryleptidae and Stylostomidae (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes), pp. 235-248 in Zootaxa 5319 (2) on page 244, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5319.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/818250
Reactivation of IgG-switched memory B cells by BCR-intrinsic signal amplification promotes IgG antibody production
No full textSecondary antibody responses are marked by faster kinetics, improved antibody affinity and a switch from IgM to other immunoglobulin isotypes, most notably IgG, compared with primary responses. These changes protect from reinfection and represent the principle of most vaccination strategies. Yet, the molecular mechanisms that underlie B-cell memory responses are unclear. Here we show, by inactivating the immunoglobulin tail tyrosine (ITT) signalling motif of membrane-bound IgG1 in the mouse, that the ITT facilitates maintenance and reactivation of IgG-switched memory B cells in vivo. The ITT motif equips IgG-switched cells with enhanced BCR signalling capacity, which supports their competitiveness in secondary immune reactions and drives the formation of IgG-secreting plasma cells even in the absence of T-cell help. Our results demonstrate that ITT signalling promotes the vigorous production of IgG antibodies and thus provide a molecular basis for humoral immunological memory
FIGURE 6. Tanais adelaidensis n in Tanaididae (Crustacea, Tanaidacea, Tanaidomorpha, Tanaidoidea) on a Floating Dock, West Beach, Adelaide, South Australia: Introduced or Indigenous?
No full textFIGURE 6. Tanais adelaidensis n. sp. (West Beach, Adelaide, February 2010). Male, allotype (SAMA Cat. No. C14333): A Full body (please refer to text and drawings of appendages for complete details of setation and ornamentation and somite measurements). Male, paratype (SAMA Cat. No. C14334): B Antennule; C Antennule distal articles (aesthetascs and setae distal on third article illustrated only); D Antenna; E Antenna distal articles (setae on fifth and seventh articles illustrated only); F Cheliped. Male, preparatory paratype (SAMA Cat. No. 14335): G Cheliped. Scale bars: A 1.0 mm, B–G 0.1 mm.Published as part of Tait, Valerie K., Conlan, Kathleen E. & Dittmann, Sabine, 2021, Tanaididae (Crustacea, Tanaidacea, Tanaidomorpha, Tanaidoidea) on a Floating Dock, West Beach, Adelaide, South Australia: Introduced or Indigenous?, pp. 83-125 in Zootaxa 4996 (1) on page 96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4996.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/506945
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