2,220 research outputs found
The UK Aircraft Noise Index Study: 20 Years on.
No full textIn the early 1980s the UK Department of Transport (now the Department for Transport: DfT is used here to cover all its incarnations) commissioned a study to determine what index should be used to
assess aircraft noise disturbance near major airports. This Aircraft Noise Index Study – ANIS – was completed in 1984 and published shortly afterwards (Brooker et al – ‘ANIS Report’ 1). This study included extensive social surveys and noise measurements around these airports, plus detailed statistical analyses. The main result of the study was that Leq (A weighted) would be an appropriate index. Following publication of the ANIS Report, consultation, and some further work 2,
the decision to use the 16-hour Leq for the UK aircraft noise index was announced in September 1990. The standard calculation method is described in Ollerhead et al 3.
This paper reviews the methodology of the ANIS work and the subsequent criticisms of ANIS and Leq, with the hindsight of 20 years. Obviously, with such a large subject, it is only possible to give a
flavour of the material, so reference should be made to the source documents regarding detailed questions. Unless otherwise noted, references are to data in the ANIS Report
Ayaanella M.T. Khan & Anis 2017, gen. nov.
No full textAyaanella M.T. Khan & Anis gen. nov. (Figs 1–10) Type species. Ayaanella globugaster M.T. Khan & Anis sp. nov. Description. Female. Head (Fig. 1); antennal torulus placed slightly above lower margin of eye; malar space dark, as long as or shorter than eye width; ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle; mandible (Fig. 2) 4-dentate, third tooth shorter, and a concavity between third and fourth teeth; maxillary palp (Fig. 3) unsegmented, swollen basally, with one seta at apex. Antennal formula 1, 1, (2), 2, 3; antenna (Figs 5–8) with 2 anelli (Figs 7, 8: A1 and A2); funicle 2 segmented, segments asymmetrical, with PLS, F2 broader than long; clava 3-segmented with very long setae and PLS. Mesosoma with pronotum medially divided into two plates; mid lobe of mesoscutum and scutellum each with 2 pairs (2+2) setae; side lobe of mesoscutum with 1 seta along anterolateral corner and axilla; propodeal margin almost straight posteriorly and about as long as metanotum medially; posterior two-thirds of mesoscutum, and scutellum with longitudinally cellulate sculpture, anterior one-third of mesoscutum with polygonal cells. Fore wing hyaline with venation extending to slightly less than half wing length; costal cell very narrow; marginal vein longer than premarginal or stigmal veins; premarginal vein broader than marginal vein; RS1 absent [except two or three setae below stigmal vein]; disc moderately densely setose with setae arranged in rows. Legs with tarsal formula 3-3-3. Metasoma longer than mesosoma; ovipositor short, extending from TV of gaster and hardly exserted. Male. Unknown. Etymology. The genus is named after the son of the second author (SBA), Ayaan + ‘-ella’ Latin suffix added to generic name.Published as part of Khan, Mohd Talib & Anis, Shoeba Binte, 2017, A new genus of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from India, pp. 165-168 in Zootaxa 4344 (1) on pages 165-166, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/104236
A One-Way Car-Sharing Based Approach for Combined Shared Mobility of Freight and Passengers
No full textClimate change stresses the need for research and development of innovative sustainable mobility solutions that provide reliable and convenient door-to-door services for both passengers and freight. The increase in urban population and the popularity of e-commerce further highlights the need for action. In this regard, crowd-shipping is often perceived as an efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable alternative (or complement) to the management of urban freight mobility through efficient utilization of current transportation capacities. In this framework, inspired by the concept of MaaS (Mobility as a Service) in integrating various forms of transport and transport-related services into a single on-demand mobility service, this paper proposes a car-sharing-based service for the combined mobility of passengers and freight. In doing so, one-way car-sharing and crowd-shipping concepts are integrated in order to serve part of the existing freight demand in a sustainable and cost-efficient way for users, societies, and the environment. An optimization model is proposed to optimally plan the activation of one-way car-sharing and crowd-shipping services and to determine the optimal number of vehicles to assign to them. Such decisions are aimed at minimizing the total imbalance by serving passenger and freight demand during different time periods. In doing so, the willingness of users to carry freight in their vehicles is also taken into consideration. The capability of the proposed approach is evaluated through representative numerical examples aimed at showing the impact of the model parameters on the solution.Transport and Plannin
ANASE: Unreliable - owing to design-induced biases
No full textIn November 2007, the ANASE (Attitudes to Noise from Aviation Sources in England) report was published. It claimed that people are increasingly annoyed by aircraft noise, and it estimated how much they would be ‘willing to pay’ to get rid of it. But its quantitative ‘findings were rejected as unreliable by the Department for Transport [DfT]’ (BBC webpage). This paper summarises the main ANASE claims, and then examines its design, methodology and statistical analyses as set out in published documents. DfT was wise to commission the peer reviews and to publish the material (rather than be accused of a ‘cover up’). But no reliance can be put on ANASE’s claims. There are unrepairable major problems with questionnaire design and process, noise estimates, analysis techniques, and selective attempts to compare with international work
ANASE: Lessons from 'Unreliable Findings'
No full textIn late 2007, the ANASE (Attitudes to Noise from Aviation Sources in England) report was
published. It claimed that people are increasingly annoyed by aircraft noise, and it estimated how
much they would be willing to pay to get rid of it. But its quantitative ‘findings were rejected as
unreliable by the Department for Transport’ (BBC website). The project’s managers were warned in
its early stages that the work would fail to deliver good value for money and not meet accepted
technical/statistical standards. How and why did it fail? What were the methodological and project
management failings? What are the lessons for acoustics professionals?Institute of Acoustic
Interview with Anis Mansour
No full textلقاء مع الكاتب المصري أنيس منصور حول أبعاد تأثر المنطقة العربية برحلة الرئيس المصري أنور السادات إلى القدس منذ 15 عامًا مضت. أجرت هذاا اللقاء إيمان رافع.An interview with Egyptian journalist and author Anis Mansour about the impact of President Anwar Sadat's 1977 visit to Jerusalem on the Arab region. Interview conducted by Iman Rafi
Fiscal policy for inclusive sustainable development : the role of public expenditure and progressive taxation
No full textThis chapter notes the challenging circumstances that developing countries have faced in the post-2008-2009 global finance crisis (GFC) era, and emphasises the dangers of a one-size-fits-all approach to policymaking. Cross-country evidence is merely a guide: country-specific circumstances must determine the ultimate policy details. The key messages the chapter intends to convey are that Southern countries’ fiscal policies must be driven essentially by a pro-inclusive growth agenda; hence, Southern countries should: (a) examine the growth and distributional impacts of the size and composition of public expenditure and revenue-raising mechanisms to balance stabilisation and development goals; and (b) build-up their fiscal space to be able to consistently pursue inclusive, growth-oriented counter-cyclical fiscal policy. This chapter is therefore followed by a chapter focusing on ways to enhance fiscal space
Finding a good aircraft noise annoyance curve.
No full textThe aim has been to find a good aircraft noise annoyance Dose-Response curve, using practical and robust techniques with the minimum of modelling assumptions.
Several socio-economic/industrial and airport operation factors affected Dose-Response data. This includes ‘population sorting’ at higher noise exposure locations and employment connections, which are likely to reduce annoyance reactions at higher Ldn values; and airport modal effects on people’s recent noise exposure experience, which will produce a defective Dose-Response relationship.
Simple moving average smoothing of the data is a useful procedure. This enables the construction of synthetic large samples – without curve modelling assumptions. It makes apparent the Dose-Response data’s underlying structure. It is straightforward to fit simple curves to this processed data, and to indicate statistical confidence. Note that the large amount of Dose-Response data available is not sampled from a single curve, but rather from a variety of such curves. The assumption is that there is the same underlying ‘mix’ of characteristics in the future.
The analysis has to exclude data from new runways, etc airports. The affected people would be responding to marked Ldn increases over a comparatively short time, not just the actual Ldn at the time of survey. The degree of population sorting is an issue, ie people with high sensitivity moving to a lower noise exposure location
Interview with Anis Mansour
No full textلقاء مع الكاتب المصري أنيس منصور حول اعجابه بإذاعة "صوت أمريكا" واعجابه بالمذيعين بها. أجرت هذاا اللقاء إيمان رافع.An interview with Egyptian journalist and author Anis Mansour about his admiration for the Voice of America radio station and its broadcasters. Interview conducted by Iman Rafi
Embracing the future of the policy sciences: big data in pedagogy and practice
No full textAlthough the emergence of Big Data provides an opportunity to synthesize and mobilize ever greater amounts of policy-relevant knowledge, it has not received adequate attention in studies of policy pedagogy and practice. In this chapter, we highlight the relevance of Big Data to policy analysis, policy implementation, and policy studies through a discussion of basic machine learning techniques and an illustration of their application in the case of better understanding policy response to COVID-19. Subsequently – based on a bibliometric review of nearly 2,500 publications on big data in public policy and content analysis of course titles and descriptions in 122 programs worldwide – we make an evidence-informed appeal to increase the uptake of big data in policy research as well as teaching. We conclude that appropriate engagement with the big data phenomenon can help the policy sciences remain relevant and move a step closer to integrating policy research, pedagogy, and practice.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Organisation & Governanc
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