720 research outputs found
Choroterpes (Monophyllus) nandini Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan, n. sp.
No full textChoroterpes (Monophyllus) nandini Selvakumar & Sivaramakrishnan n. sp. Figs. 1–14. Material examined. Holotype: Male larva, INDIA, Karnataka, Sringeri, Nanthinihole, 13 ° 23 ’ 23.52 ” N, 75 ° 10 ’ 47.02 ” E, 640 m, 03.v. 2013, Colls. C. Selvakumar and K. G. Sivaramakrishnan [ZSI]. Paratypes: 1 female larva same data as holotype; 2 female larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Sringeri, Srimane falls, 13 ° 23 ’ 14.83 ” N, 75 ° 10 ’ 46.43 ” E, 716 m, 03.v. 2013, Colls. C. Selvakumar and K. G. Sivaramakrishnan [UM]. Description. Larva. Body length 4 mm, cerci 3 mm, median filament 4 mm (Fig. 1). Labrum (Fig. 2) not wide, median emargination moderately deep, without denticles; both distal and proximal transverse setal rows regular. Lingua of hypopharynx with well developed lateral processes, anterior margin shallowly cleft (Fig. 3). Mandibles (Figs. 4, 5) with outer margin moderately convex. Medio-apical projection of maxilla moderately expresed (Fig. 6). Labium (Fig. 7) with segment 2 of palpi 3 / 4 to a little longer than segment 1; segment 3 of palpi over 1 / 2 length to as long as segment 2, triangular with a rows of seate apically; paraglossae ventral to glossae. Legs yellowish (Figs. 8–10); each femur with a dark brown spot at middle and a dark brown band near apex; fore femur also with a brown spot near base, widest proximally; middle and hind femur widest middle. All femora with irregularly situated stout setae of various lengths. Ventral side of hind femur with irregularly situated curved pectinate setae. Stout setae on inner side of foretibiae dense and arranged in 3 nearly regular rows, pointed and pectinate. Inner side of middle tibia with 2 or 1 stout setae. Inner side of hind tibia with a sparse row of stout setae; outer side of hind tibia with stout setae of variable length, as on outer side of femur. Outer sides of all tibiae with irregularly situated thin hairs, whose length exceed tibia width. Claws (Fig. 11) apically hooked, denticles on claws progressively larger apically. Hind wings present. Abdomen without stout setae; posterolateral margins of abdominal terga with pointed denticles, whose size increases from tergum 1 to tergum 10; sterna without denticles. Each segment of abdominal tergum brown with lighter blanks adjacent to anterior margin. Gills (Figs. 12–14) on segments 1–7, unilamellate without tracheation; gills 2–7 terminated in 3 slender, subequal processes. Terminal filament longer than cerci with a whorl of setae every alternate segments; setae longher than length of correspondingsegment. Winged stages. Unknown. Etymology. This species named after the type locality, the Nandini hole. Diagnosis. Choroterpes (Monophyllus) nandini n. sp. can be distinguished from C. (Monophyllus) monophyllus by the following combination of characters: (i) median emargination of labrum moderately deep, without denticles; (ii) gills 2–7 without tracheation and (iii) abdominal segment 6 and 7 without colour pattern. Discussion. Kluge, while revising the mayfly system based on the principles of cladogendesis (Kluge & Novikova 2011; Kluge 2012 b) with usage of the dual nomenclature system (Kluge 2010), established the subgenus Monophyllus based on the larvae collected from Hainan Island, Republic of China. Larvae of Choroterpes (Monophyllus) monophyllus (Kluge 2012 a), is characterized by the following autapomorphy viz. gills 2–7 unilamellate, each lamella with 3 apical processes subequal, long and slender as in Euthraulus. The occurrence of C. (Monophyllus) nandini n. sp. extends the distribution of this subgenus from China to South India.Published as part of Selvakumar, C., Janarthanan, S. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2015, A new species of the Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 subgenus Monophyllus Kluge, 2012 and a new record of the subgenus Choroterpes, s. s. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern Western Ghats, India, pp. 284-288 in Zootaxa 3941 (2) on page 285, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3941.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/23831
Choroterpes (Choroterpes) kaegies Selvakumar & Subramanian & Chandra & Jehamalar 2017, sp. n.
No full text<i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>Choroterpes</i>) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra sp. n. (Figs 1–16) <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype: 1 larva, INDIA, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Khrang village, Wankwar River, 25.32481 N, 91.77519 E, 1658 m, 02.iii.2016, coll. E. Eyarin Jehamalar (Reg. No. 5144). Paratypes: 5 larvae, same data as holotype; 2 larvae, Meghalaya, East Khasi Hills, Thangasalai village, Umkhen River, 25.59186 N, 92.05494 E, 937 m, 05.iii.2016, coll. E. Eyarin Jehamalar (Reg. No. 5147/H13); 1 larva, Meghalaya, East Garo Hills, Upper Rongbu village, 25.91615 N, 90.83157 E, 101 m, 26.vi.2016, coll. E. Eyarin Jehamalar (Reg. No. 5149/H13); 1 larva, Himachal Pradesh, Bilaspur district, Mandodari, River stream, 31.783 N, 76.332 E, 18.xi.2012, coll. K.A. Subramanian.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body length 4.6–5.0 mm (Fig. 1). Antennae approximately 3.0 mm. Head prognathous, light yellowbrown with diffuse black markings. Labrum with 3 transverse, near parallel, rows of setae on dorsal surface, both distal and proximal transverse setal rows regular; anteromedian emargination broad (Fig. 2). Lingua of hypopharynx with well developed lateral process, anterior margin cleft (Fig. 3). Lateral margins of mandibles with scattered setae, inner mandibular incisor slightly longer than outer one (Figs 4–5). Maxillary palp 3 segmented; segment 2 subequal in length to segment 1, segment 3 approximately ¾ length of segment 2 (Fig. 6). Labium: glossa with thick plate-like setae on ventral surface, fewer setae on dorsal surface; paraglossa with denser but fewer setae on dorsal surface; first segment of palp with thick setae on margins, second segment with setae on outer margin, apical segment with thick and fine setae on margin and surface, those near apex of apical segment gathered into small tufts; segment 1 length subequal to segment 2 length, segment 3 length 0.7 times segment 2 length (Fig. 7).</p> <p>Pronotum light yellow-brown with diffuse black markings medially. Meso- and metanota yellow-brown tinged with dark brown or black laterally. Legs pale; each femur with a dark brown spot at middle and near apex; femora with thick and thin setae on outer margin; tibiae with fine and thick setae on inner margin, and very sparse and thin setae on inner margin, and very sparse and thin setae on outer margin, but hind tibiae mixed with more denser thick and few feathered setae on surface; tarsi of all legs with several thin setae on inner margin and sparse setae on outer margins (Figs 8–10). Claw apically hooked with a row of 4–5 denticles, progressively larger apically (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Abdominal terga 1–10 light yellow-brown with diffuse black markings; terga 1–10 with posterior marginal spines; posterolateral margins of abdominal terga with pointed denticles, size of denticles increases from tergum 6 to tergum 9. Gills on segments 1–7; gill 1 single, slender, lanceolate (Fig. 12); gills 2–7 alike, well-tracheated, upper and lower lamellae of gills 2–7 with 3 apical processes, median process relatively long and other relatively short (Figs 13–16). Sternum 9 of male with deep apical cleft, sternum 9 of female with apex entire and without emargination. Caudal filaments pale yellow-brown; with a whorl of setae on alternate segments; setae shorter than length of corresponding segment.</p> <p> <b>Adult.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species name “ <i>kaegies</i> ” (pronounced as KGS) is abbreviated patronym of Prof. K.G. Sivaramakrishnan who has significantly contributed to Ephemeroptera taxonomy in India. He is popularly known among his peers, friends and students as “KGS” and hence the species name.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> India (Meghalaya and Himachal Pradesh).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra <b>sp. n.</b> can be distinguished from all known species of <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) by the following characters: (i) anteromedian emargination of labrum broad (Fig. 2); (ii) each femur with a dark brown spot at middle and near apex (Figs 8–10); (iii) gill 1 single and slender (Fig. 12) and (iv) upper and lower lamellae of gills 2–7 with 3 apical processes, median process relatively slender and longer than laterals (Figs 13–16).</p> <p> <b>Discussion.</b> In India, only two species are recorded from the subgenus <i>Choroterpes</i> s. str. <i>viz</i>., <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>petersi</i> Tong and Dudgeon, 2003 from southern Western Ghats by Selvakumar <i>et al.</i> (2015) which was originally described from Hong Kong and the present new species, <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra <b>sp. n.</b> from Himachal Pradesh and Meghalaya. The distribution of <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>petersi</i> Tong and Dudgeon, 2003 appears to be disjunct in its geographical range. However, <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra <b>sp. n.</b> is probably widely distributed in Himalaya as the collection localities from two states are geographically widely separated. However, detailed surveys are required. In future detailed morphosystematics and molecular phylogenetic studies are required to fine-tune the subgeneric relationships within the genus <i>Choroterpes</i> Eaton, 1881.</p>Published as part of <i>Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Chandra, Kailash & Jehamalar, E. Eyarin, 2017, A new species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from India, pp. 189-194 in Zootaxa 4338 (1)</i> on pages 190-193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4338.1.12, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1035542">http://zenodo.org/record/1035542</a>
Choroterpes (Choroterpes) andamanensis Vasanth, Subramanian & Selvakumar 2021, n. sp.
No full text<i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>Choroterpes</i>) <i>andamanensis</i> Vasanth, Subramanian & Selvakumar n. sp. <p>(Figs 1–16)</p> <p> <b>Material examined:</b> Holotype: male larva, INDIA, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Botanical Garden, Nayachaar; N 11.5738°, E 92.6741°; Alt. 54m.; 16.xi.2018, coll. K. A. Subramanian (Reg. No. I /E/438). Paratypes: 3 larvae (Reg. No. I /E/439), same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Mature larva.</b> Length: body, 4.3–5.0 mm; antennae, 2.8–3.0 mm; cerci, 5.2–5.5 mm; paracercus, 5.8–6.0 mm. General coloration yellowish brown (Figs 1–2).</p> <p> <b>Head.</b> Dark brown, washed with yellow. Upper portion of male compound eye reddish black. Antennae whitish yellow (Fig. 1). Labrum (Fig. 3): dark brown; anteromedian emargination shallow, broad with five blunt denticles. Hypopharynx (Fig. 4): lingua with well developed lateral process, with cleft anterior margin. Mandibles (Figs 5–6): translucent, dark brown and pale brown medially; lateral margins with scattered setae, inner incisor slightly longer than outer one. Second segment of maxillary palp subequal in length of segment I, segment III approximately ¾ length of segment II (Fig. 7). Labium (Fig. 8): glossae with plate-like thick setae on ventral surface and dense row of fewer setae on dorsal surface; paraglossae with denser but thinner setae on dorsal surface; first segment of labial palp with thick setae on lateral margins, second segment with hair-like setae on lateral margin, apical segment with thick and fine setae and small tufts; length of segment I subequal to segment II, segment III approximately ¾ length of segment II.</p> <p> <b>Thorax.</b> Yellowish brown, irregularly washed with dark brown; pronotum dark yellowish brown with diffuse black markings medially. Meso- and metathorax yellowish brown tinged with dark brown or black laterally. Legs (Figs 9–11): yellowish brown; each femur with a brown macula on middle and distal region; forefemur with thick setae on the dorsal surface, mid and hind femora with several well developed thick setae on dorsal surface; each femur with thick and thin setae on outer margin; fore and mid tibiae with fine and thick setae on inner margin, and very sparse and thin setae on inner and outer margin; hind tibiae with thick and few feathered setae on surface; tarsi of all legs with several thin setae on inner margin and sparse setae on outer margins. Claws apically hooked with a row of 8–9 denticles (Fig. 12).</p> <p> <b>Abdomen.</b> Terga I–X pale yellowish brown with diffuse black markings and spines on posterior margins; posterolateral margins of abdominal terga I– III with blunt denticles and IV–IX with pointed denticles, size of denticles progressively larger posteriorly. Sterna I–VII white and VIII–IX yellowish (Figs 1–2). Gills I–VII, well-tracheated, slender, gills II –VII with dorsal lamella larger than ventral (Figs 13–16). Sternum IX of male with deep apical cleft, sternum IX of female with apex entire and without emargination (Fig. 2). Caudal filaments pale yellow-brown; with a whorl of setae on alternate segments; setae shorter than length of corresponding segment.</p> <p> <b>Adult.</b> Unknown</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species named after the type locality, Andaman Islands.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Andaman Island (India).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>Choroterpes</i>) <i>andamanensis</i> <b>n. sp.</b> can be distinguished from all known species of subgenus <i>Choroterpes</i> by the following characters: (i) anteromedian emargination of labrum broad with five blunt denticles (Fig. 3); (ii) gills II–VII with dorsal lamella larger than ventral (Figs 14–16). (iii) femur with brown macula on middle and distal region (Figs 9–11); and (iv) claw with a row of 8–9 denticles (Fig. 12).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> Larvae of <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>Choroterpes</i>) <i>andamanensis</i> <b>n. sp.</b> inhabit small (from 1.5–2 m wide) stream (Nayachaar) (Fig. 57) (up to 54 m a.s.l.) of the Port Blair district, Andaman Island. This stream is characterized by medium water temperature (25°С at the time of sampling), average current velocity and bottom substrate predominantly with pebbles, sand, leaf litter and silt particles. The new species was found with <i>Baetis</i> sp.</p> <p> <b>Discussion.</b> Presently, three species are recorded from the subgenus <i>Choroterpes</i> s. str. in India viz., <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C</i>.) <i>petersi</i> Tong and Dudgeon, 2003 from southern Western Ghats by Selvakumar et al., (2015) which was originally described from Hong Kong, <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C</i>.) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra, 2017 described from Himachal Pradesh and Meghalaya and the present new species, <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>Choroterpes</i>) <i>andamanensis</i> Vasanth, Subramanian & Selvakumar <b>n. sp.</b> from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The distribution of <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C</i>.) <i>petersi</i> Tong and Dudgeon, 2003 appears to be disjunct in its geographical range. <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C</i>.) <i>kaegies</i> Selvakumar, Subramanian & Chandra, 2017 is widely distributed in North and North-East India. <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C</i>.) <i>andamanensis</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is only known from Andaman Islands. However, extensive field surveys are required to explore the distribution of this subgenus in the Indian subcontinent.</p>Published as part of <i>Vasanth, M., Subramanian, K. A., Selvakumar, C., Kubendran, T. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2021, Three new species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) of India with a new record of the genus Megaglena Peters and Edmunds, 1970, pp. 56-70 in Zootaxa 5076 (1)</i> on pages 57-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5763329">http://zenodo.org/record/5763329</a>
Baetiella subansiri Vasanth, Selvakumar & Subramanian 2020, n. sp.
No full text<i>Baetiella subansiri</i> Vasanth, Selvakumar & Subramanian n. sp. <p>(Figs 1–18)</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <b>Holotype:</b> 1 larva, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Lower Subansiri district, Paniya stream, 27.81791 N, 94.09502 E, 993 m, 14.vi.2017, colls. K. A. Subramanian & M. Vasanth (Reg. No. I /E/245). <b>Paratypes</b>: 2 larvae (1 larva on slide: mouthparts, legs & gills), Arunachal Pradesh, Lower Subansiri district, Bhasskamp stream, 27.75881 N, 94.00912 E, 324 m, 15.vi.2017, colls. K. A. Subramanian & M. Vasanth (Reg. No. I/E/246).</p> <p> <b>Mature larva</b>. Body length 3.5–4.0 mm, cerci 4.0– 4.5 mm, median caudal filament with 1 segment (Figs 1–2).</p> <p> <b>Head.</b> Antennae (Fig. 6) light brown, approximately 2 times the width of head; dorsal surface of scape and pedicel bare. Labrum (Fig. 7) almost rectangular, approximately 2.0 times wider than long; anteromedian notch deep with a small rounded lobe at the base, and each side with one medial long setae and a row of 6–8 robust, simple submarginal setae, fine and simple setae scattered posteriorly; ventrally bordered with feathered setae along the anterior margin. Hypopharynx (Fig. 8) with lingua rounded and superlinguae broadly truncate, covered with abundant fine setae distally. Left mandible (Fig. 9): incisors fused with 7 denticles, prostheca robust with 4 blunt and 3–4 acute denticles apically. Right mandible (Fig. 10): incisors with visible fusion line, outer incisor with 3 denticles and inner incisor with 4 denticles, inner incisor margin smooth without fine setae, prostheca with denticles apically and distinctly more slender than the one on left mandible, edge between prostheca and molar smooth without serration. Maxilla (Fig. 11) with three canines and one tooth-like dentiseta on crown of galealacinia, a row of 4–5 long basal setae and basis of galealacinia without hump seta; maxillary palpus 2-segmented, subequal in length, terminal segment with a small pointed tip and numerous setae at apex. Labium (Fig. 12): glossae shorter than paraglossae, with a row of 10–12 stout setae along the inner margin dorsally and 2 long robust blunt setae at the apex; paraglossae approximately 1.5 times wider than glossae, with 3 rows of setae ventrally and 4–5 stout acute setae along the inner margin dorsally; labial palpus 3-segmented, terminal segment conical with a distinctive tip at apex; the 2nd segment without an inner-apical lobe; dorsal surface with numerous pores on the basal segment.</p> <p> <b>Thorax.</b> Dorsum with 12 distinct tubercles (Fig. 1). Posterior margin of metanotum with a finger-like protuberance medially (Fig. 1). Hindwing pads reduced, approximately 2.5–3.0 times longer than wide. Legs slightly paler than thorax, femora creamy shaded with light brown medially and a brown longitudinal stripe near dorsal margin, tibiae and tarsi brown. All legs with finger-like coxal projection (Fig. 2). Femora with a row of long, robust and simple 17–18 setae on dorsal margin, approximately 1/3 to 1/2 of femur width; femoral villopore reduced; tibiae with irregular row of dense, fine, simple setae dorsally; tarsi with a row of sparse, fine, simple setae dorsally and ventrally with a row of 7–8 robust, pointed setae increasing in length towards apex (Figs 13–15); tarsal claw with two rows of denticles, outer row with 6–7 acute denticles increasing in length apically, inner row with 6–7 short and blunt denticles medially, subequal in length (Fig. 16). All legs with a single very long finger-like white coxal gill (Fig. 2).</p> <p> <b>Abdomen.</b> Abdominal terga generally dark brown.Posterior margin of terga I–II each with a single posteromedian protuberance, terga III–IX each with a pair of much longer protuberances (Figs 1–4); surface of terga I–IX scattered with round scale-like setae; posterior margin of segments I–V smooth and of segments VI–IX with blunt denticles. Abdominal sterna generally yellowish-white; posterior margins of sterna I–X smooth without denticles or scale-like setae (Fig. 2). Gills (or gill sockets) on segments I–VI (Fig. 2); gills I–V elongate and without tracheation, numerous pores scattered on the surface, smooth fine simple setae along margin (Figs 17–18); gill VI reduced and transparent. Paraproct with numerous pores and fine short setae on surface and 15–16 scale-like setae along the inner margin (Fig. 5). Median caudal filament reduced to one segment (Fig. 2), cerci slightly longer than the body length (Fig. 1).</p> <p> <b>Imago.</b> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This species is named after Subansiri river, a major tributary of Brahmaputra river in Lower Subansiri district, Arunachal Pradesh, India.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Arunachal Pradesh (India) (Fig. 81).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. <i>Baetiella subansiri</i> <b>n. sp.</b> and <i>B. macani</i> (Müller-Liebenau, 1985) share the following characters (i) thoracic dorsum with distinct tubercles; (ii) hindwing pads vestigial; (iii) all legs with a single finger-like white coxal gill; and (iv) median caudal filament reduced to one segment, cerci slightly longer than the body length. However the new species can be distinguished from <i>B. macani</i> by the following combination of characters; (i) gills (or gill sockets) on segments I–VI (Fig. 2); gills I–V elongate and without tracheation, numerous scattered pores on the surface, smooth fine simple setae along margin (Figs 17–18); gill VI reduced (Figs 3–4); (ii) posterior margin of metanotum and abdominal terga I–II each with a single posteromedian protuberance, terga III–IX each with a pair of protuberances and the length of protuberance much longer (Figs 1–4); and (iii) claw with two rows of denticles, outer row with 6–7 acute denticles increasing in length apically, inner row with 6–7 short and blunt denticles medially, subequal in length (Fig. 16).</p> <p> <i>Baetiella subansiri</i> <b>n. sp.</b> can be accommodated in the recent global key to the larvae of <i>Baetiella</i> (Shi & Tong 2015).</p> <p> The second part of the 4 th couplet of that key can be modified and a new couplet should be added to include <i>B. subansiri</i> <b>n. sp.</b> as follows.</p> <p> 4. Gills (or gill sockets) present on terga I–VII................................................. <i>B</i>. <i>bispinosa</i> (Gose)</p> <p>- Gills (or gills sockets) absent on tergum VII................................................................ 5</p> <p> 5. Gills I–V elongate; gill VI reduced (India)..................... <i>B. subansiri</i> Vasanth, Selvakumar & Subramanian <b>n</b>. <b>sp.</b></p> <p> - Gills I–VI oval; (or gill sockets) (China, Vietnam)..................................... <i>B. macani</i> (Müller-Liebenau)</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Traver (1939) described <i>Baetiella ladakae</i> based on a single male imago collected from Igoo (Igu), Ladak, in Western Himalaya in 1932, during the Yale North India Expedition. Type locality of <i>B. ladakae</i> is a high altitude (> 4000m ASL) stream in cold desert. <i>Baetiella subansiri</i> <b>sp. n.</b> described herein from larval collection could not be compared with the former species since its larvae are unknown. In view of the fact that the type localities of the two species is geographically widely separated, the latter species is described as new to science taking into consideration the remote possibility of larval-adult association of respective species by rearing in the immediate future because of the remoteness of these type localities.</p>Published as part of <i>Vasanth, M., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. & Sinha, Bikramjit, 2020, New record of the genus Baetiella Uéno, 1931 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from India with description of a new species and new records for five species, pp. 563-578 in Zootaxa 4763 (4)</i> on pages 564-568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4763.4.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3762168">http://zenodo.org/record/3762168</a>
Figure 22 from: Martynov AV, Selvakumar C, Palatov DM, Subramanian KA, Sivaramakrishnan KG, Vasanth M, Jacobus LM (2021) Overview of Indian and Nepali representatives of the Cincticostella nigra (Uéno, 1928) complex (Ephemeroptera, Ephemerellidae), with discussion about Cincticostella Allen, 1971 species complexes. ZooKeys 1040: 123-166. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1040.64280
No full textFigure 22 Larva of Cincticostella wangi Selvakumar, Martynov & Subramanian, sp. nov., paratypes A fore femur B middle femur C hind femur D stout setae of dorsal surface of fore femur E tarsal claw and tarsus F abdomen, dorsal view G terga VI–X
FIGURES 8A–B in Review of Ptilomera (Ptilomera) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India, with description of a new species
No full textFIGURES 8A–B. Distribution in India of: A, P. nagalanda Jehamalar and Chandra, new species; B, P. tigrina Uhler (Yellow triangles denote locality details from literature; red squares denote locality details of materials examined in the present study).Published as part of Jehamalar, E. Eyarin, Chandra, Kailash, Basu, Srimoyee & Selvakumar, C., 2018, Review of Ptilomera (Ptilomera) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) from India, with description of a new species, pp. 501-518 in Zootaxa 4370 (5) on page 516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.5.3, http://zenodo.org/record/114731
Prosopistoma someshwarensis Ramya Roopa, Selvakumar & Subramanian, n. sp.
No full textProsopistoma someshwarensis Ramya Roopa, Selvakumar & Subramanian n. sp. Figs. 2–12 Material examined. Holotype: mature larva, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Dulli Hole, 13°28’49.82’’ N, 075°02’43.77’’ E, 91 m, 04.III.2016, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa [ZSISRC-I/E 19]. Paratypes: 2 mature larvae, same data as holotype [ZSISRC-I/E 20]; 15 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Yele Hole, 13°32’18.48’’ N, 075°04’43.14’’ E, 676 m, 06.VI.2015, 28.XII.2015, 17.III.2016, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa; 3 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Onakeabbi falls, 13°30’46.41’’ N, 075°04’31.04’’ E, 597 m, 01.VI.2015, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa; 3 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Onakeabbi falls, 13°30’27.07’’ N, 075°05’17.06’’ E, 655 m, 25.XI.2015, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa. Description. Mature larva. Body length 4–4.5 mm excluding caudal filaments. Head uniformly reddish brown with median ocellus between antennae, width approximately 2.5 times length. Epicranial sutures clearly visible, passing through lateral ocelli and anterior margin of compound eyes, continuing to lateral margin of head (Fig. 2 A). Carapace general coloration reddish brown, with one pale-coloured circular depression on each side of midline of anterior region of carapace, present at approximately 0.26 times length of carapace from posterior margin of head (Fig. 2 B) and with many dark ridges including few ridges resembling longitudinal lines on surface (Fig. 2 C). Head. Antenna (Fig. 4) 7-segmented including scape and pedicel, longer than distance from antennal base to anterior margin of head; segment III longest and shorter than combined length of segments IV–VII. Labrum (Fig. 6) prominent when larva viewed dorsally, narrow, approximately 3.7 times wider than long, anterior margin fringed with dense fine setae. Left and right mandibles similar. Outer canine of mandibles longer and broader than inner canine, with three apical teeth, outer tooth small, inner tooth larger with margin serrated near apex with 4–5 small spines; inner canine with two apical teeth, inner one slightly larger, inner margin serrated near apex with 3–5 spines. 8–10 long serrated bristles arising from base of inner canine. Single stout, feathered seta present lateromedially on each mandible (Fig. 5). Maxillae (Fig. 7) crowned by rigid canine and three subequal moveable dentisetae; three long feathered, stout bristles arising near base of apical canine and dentisetae on galea-lacinia. Single unserrated bristle arising about two-thirds of way down sclerotized section of galea-lacinia. Length ratio of maxillary palp segments from basal one to apical one: 1.9:3.2:1. Labial palpi 3-segmented, length ratio of labial palp segments from basal one to apical one: 2:1.65:1 (Fig. 8). Legs. Dorsal margin of fore femur with 20 or 21 simple, short, feathery setae; ventral margin of fore tibia with 14 or 15 pectinate setae (Fig. 9). Tarsal claws of all three pairs of legs without denticles. Abdomen. Abdominal gills I–VI. Gill I large and branched (Fig. 10). Gill II broad, leaf-like and unbranched (Fig. 11). Gills III–V with multiple branching filaments (Fig. 12). Gill VI tiny, unbranched. Posterolateral projections of abdominal segments VII–IX broad, apex pointed (Figs. 2 & 3). Three retractile, short and feathery caudal filaments present. Sub-imago and Imago. Unknown. Distribution. India (Central Western Ghats). Etymology. This species is named after the place of collection, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Diagnosis. Prosopistoma someshwarensis n. sp. is most similar to P. alaini Bojková & Soldán 2015, a recently described species from Algeria (Bojková & Soldán 2015). However, P. someshwarensis n. sp. can be distinguished from all other species of Prosopistoma, including P. alaini, by the following combination of characters: (i) antenna 7-segmented including scape and pedicel; segment III the longest and shorter than combined length of segments IV–VII (Fig. 4); (ii) epicranial sutures clearly visible, passing through anterior margin of lateral ocelli and between compound eyes and antennal bases or through lateral ocelli and anterior margin of compound eyes, continuing to lateral margin of head (Fig. 2 A); (iii) carapace general coloration reddish brown, with one pale-coloured circular depression on each side of midline of anterior region of carapace (Fig. 2 B) and with few longitudinal line that looks like a ridge on its surface (Fig. 2 C); (iv) 8–10 long serrated bristles arising from the base of inner canine (Fig. 5); (v) ventral margin of fore-tibia with 14–15 pectinate setae (Fig. 9) and (vi) postero-lateral projections on abdominal segments VII–IX broad and apex pointed (Figs. 2 & 3). Ecology. The new species was collected from riffle habitat, underneath cobbles and gravel, in tributaries of the Seethanadi River, a west-flowing river in the central Western Ghats. The sampling sites were all located within tropical wet evergreen forests. The streams (Dulli Hole, Yele Hole and Onakeabbi falls) had average widths ranging from 0.92 m to 9.86 m and average depths ranging from 0.90 cm to 12.24 cm through the three seasons of sampling. The pH ranged from 6.26 to 8.48 and water temperature ranged from 20.8°C to 28.8°C.Published as part of Roopa, S. Ramya, Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2017, A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India, pp. 591-599 in Zootaxa 4242 (3) on pages 593-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/37698
Torleya dibruensis Selvakumar, Martynov & Jacobus 2021, sp. nov.
No full textTorleya dibruensis Selvakumar, Martynov & Jacobus, sp. nov. (Figs 11–13) Type material. Holotype: larva, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Papum Pare District, Dibru River, 27.147655°N, 93.74908°E, h ~ 128 m a.s.l., 22.iv.2015, Colls. K.A. Subramanian & Bikramjit Sinha — Reg. No. 5606/H13 [ZSI]. Paratypes: 1 larva, same data as holotype— Reg. No. 5607/H13 [ZSI]; 2 larvae, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Lower Subansiri District, Paniya stream, 27.81791°N, 94.09502°E, h ~ 993 m a.s.l., 14.vi.2017, Colls. K.A. Subramanian & M. Vasanth — Reg. No. SRC-I/E 510 [ZSI]. Description. Late larval instar: Length of body 3.5–3.8 mm; cercus and median caudal filament subequal, each 1.5–1.8 mm. General color light brown, with variable brown shading and markings; front of head, outer and inner margins of legs and lateral margins of abdominal terga covered with long, hair-like setae (Figs 11A, 12A, B). Head: Head with one pair of distinct, blunt occipital tubercles bear small short stout setae. The same scattered stout setae cover head. Color light brown with variable brown markings; frons pale; two dark brown, rounded spots situated between occipital protuberances and compound eyes. Areas around paired ocelli yellowish. Antennal scape and pedicel light brown; flagellar segments yellowish-brown, with fine, hair-like setae at apex of each segment; hair-like setae nearly one-third length of respective segment. Clypeus and genae densely covered with long hair-like setae (Fig. 12A). Labrum (Fig. 11B) brown; anterior notch shallow and wide; anterolateral angles weakly expressed, rounded; dorsal surface with dense, transverse row of cilia-like setae. Superlinguae of hypopharynx with row of setae on anterior margin; lingua with very sparse and tiny setae on dorsal and ventral surfaces, apex convex (Fig. 11C). Mandible external margin with scattered hair-like setae basally and pair of long cilia-like setae medially (Fig. 11D, E). Maxilla (Fig. 11F) with few distal hair-like setae; palp 3-segmented, with visible articulation; spinous processes short. Labium with cilia-like setae on ventral surface; segment III of maxillary palp rounded, about one-third length of segment II (Fig. 11G). Thorax: Pronotum without distinct protuberances. Mesonotum with several small, protuberances. Mesonotum with transverse brown shading medially (Fig. 11A); tip of fore wingpads pale to white. Legs pale, distinctly flattened, especially fore femur (Fig. 13B–D). Dorsal surface of forefemur with irregular transverse row of long, pointed, stout setae proximally; outer and inner margins with rows of long hair-like setae and long, pointed, stout setae (Fig. 13A, B); dorsal surface of middle and hind femora smoky brown, with a few short stout setae; outer and inner margins with long, pointed, stout setae and long, hair-like setae (Fig. 13C, D). Tibiae of all legs distinctly wider than tarsi. Each claw with 2–3 medial denticles, palisade of four to five long subdistal denticles, and subapical seta (Fig. 13E). Abdomen: Terga with dark longitudinal medial line and lateral shading (Figs 11A, 12B). Dorsal lamella of gill III rounded, extending to middle of tergum VIII (Fig. 12B), apically rounded, with fine distal setae, brown, trilobed pattern indistinct (Fig. 13F); gill III operculate; ventral lamellae of gills III–VI bifurcate and multifoliate (Fig. 13G). Terga I–V and VIII–X mostly pale; terga VI–VII usually brown (Fig. 12B). Terga V–IX with spatulate, stout setae on posterior margins (setae progressively shorter on segments VI–VIII); terga VII and VIII with hair-like and spatulate, stout setae; terga IV–VII and IX with paired posterior protuberances, bears small stout setae with rounded apices; terga VIII and X without paired posterior protuberances; posterior protuberances very small on tergum IV and IX; largest on terga V–VII, usually bearing 4–6 short spatulate stout setae; Lateral parts of posterior margin of tergum VIII with row of spatulate, stout setae. Segments IV–IX with posterolateral projections. Segment IX distinctly narrower than segment VIII (Fig. 12B). Sterna pale, with few short, hair-like setae. Caudal filaments pale to white, with broad, dark brown band medially; tips dark brown; apex of each segment with spatulate, stout setae and fine hair-like setae. Adults. Unknown. Diagnosis. Larvae of Torleya dibruensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from other representatives of the genus by the following combination of characters: (i) head with one pair of blunt occipital tubercles; (ii) head, legs and abdomen with areas densely covered with long, hair-like setae (Figs 11A, 12A, B, 13A–D); (iii) claw with 2–3 medial denticles, palisade of four to five long subdistal denticles on the inner margin, and subapical seta (Fig. 13E); (iv) terga V–VII with paired blunt protuberances, usually bearing four to six short spatulate, stout setae (Fig. 11A); (v) gills rounded, gill III entirely cover following gills (Figs 11A, 12B, 13F, G); (vi) foreleg with irregular transverse row of long pointed, stout setae at proximal part of dorsal surface; same setae presented on outer and inner margins (Fig. 13A, B); (vii) maxillary palp present, short (Fig. 11F); (viii) labial palp segment III about one-third length of segment II (Fig. 11G). Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, Dibru River, Arunachal Pradesh. Distribution. India-China border region. Habitat. Larvae of the species were collected in rivers and large streams with cobble and sandy bottom and numerous boulders (Fig. 20D). Remarks. Torleya longforceps from Fujian, in far eastern China (Gui et al. 1999), is the only species of Torleya unknown in the larval stage, and we consider it unlikely (based on biogeography) to be conspecific with this new species, which is unknown as alates.Published as part of Martynov, Alexander V., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., Vasanth, M., Sinha, Bikramjit & Jacobus, Luke M., 2021, Overview of Indian Hyrtanellini (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae), with new species and records from related regions, pp. 451-482 in Zootaxa 4975 (3) on pages 467-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4975.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/480830
FIGURE 3 in Overview of Indian Hyrtanellini (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae), with new species and records from related regions
No full textFIGURE 3. Larva of Serratella palatovi Martynov, Selvakumar & Jacobus, sp. nov., holotype (A, B, E–G) and regular (nontype) specimen (C, D). A, B.—mandibles; C.—labrum; D.—hypopharynx; E.—maxillary palp; F.—apical half of maxilla; G.—labium.Published as part of Martynov, Alexander V., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., Vasanth, M., Sinha, Bikramjit & Jacobus, Luke M., 2021, Overview of Indian Hyrtanellini (Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae), with new species and records from related regions, pp. 451-482 in Zootaxa 4975 (3) on page 457, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4975.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/480830
Choroterpes Eaton 1881
No full textLarval key to the known species of subgenus <i>Choroterpes</i> in India <p>1. Gill 1 single (Fig. 13).................................................................................. 2</p> <p> - Gill 1 double (Fig. 17; Selvakumar et al. 2015)........................................... <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>petersi</i></p> <p> 2. Upper and lower lamellae of gills 2–7 broad (Figs 13–16; Selvakumar et al. 2017)............... <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>kaegies</i></p> <p> <b>-</b> Upper and lower lamellae of gills 2–7 not broad (Figs 14–16)..................... <i>Choroterpes</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>andamanensis</i> n. sp.</p>Published as part of <i>Vasanth, M., Subramanian, K. A., Selvakumar, C., Kubendran, T. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2021, Three new species of Atalophlebiinae (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) of India with a new record of the genus Megaglena Peters and Edmunds, 1970, pp. 56-70 in Zootaxa 5076 (1)</i> on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5076.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5763329">http://zenodo.org/record/5763329</a>
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