267,559 research outputs found
New Liu Estimators for the Poisson Regression Model: Method and Application
No full textA new shrinkage estimator for the Poisson model is introduced in this paper. This method is a generalization of the Liu (1993) estimator originally developed for the linear regression model and will be generalised here to be used instead of the classical maximum likelihood (ML) method in the presence of multicollinearity since the mean squared error (MSE) of ML becomes inflated in that situation. Furthermore, this paper derives the optimal value of the shrinkage parameter and based on this value some methods of how the shrinkage parameter should be estimated are suggested. Using Monte Carlo simulation where the MSE and mean absolute error (MAE) are calculated it is shown that when the Liu estimator is applied with these proposed estimators of the shrinkage parameter it always outperforms the ML. Finally, an empirical application has been considered to illustrate the usefulness of the new Liu estimators.Estimation; MSE; MAE; Multicollinearity; Poisson; Liu; Simulation
Liu Kang
No full textLiu Kang: Essays on Art and Culture is a testament to the inexorable passion of an artist who knew no boundaries. This collection of essays, which Liu Kang wrote over 44 years, offers an insight into the artist’s myriad interests as well as his contributions as a first generation Nanyang artist and art educator. Translated into English for this volume, Liu Kang’s essays are accompanied by commentaries and photographs of the artist-author and his subjects
Ruidocollaris obscura Liu 1999
No full text<i>Ruidocollaris obscura</i> (Liu, 1999) <p>(Figs. 7, 16, 27, 37, 54, 63, 73, 81, 92)</p> <p> <i>Rudicollaris obscura</i> Liu, 1999: 131. (sphalm.) <i>Ruidocollaris obscura</i> Liu, 1999. <b>syn. nov.</b></p> <p> <b>Examined material.</b> 1 male (holotype), 1 male (paratype), 2 females (paratype), China: Guangxi Prov.: Xinan, Maoershan Nature Reserve, 450–650m, Coll. Liu Xianwei, Yin Haisheng (MSIE); 1 male, China: Guangxi Prov.: Zhongfeng, Coll. Huang jinsun, 1980. VIII.21 (IZAS, No. 360945); 1 male, China: Guangxi Prov.: Guilin, Maoershan Mt. nature reserve, Gaoping Spot, Coll. Liu Chunxiang, 2007. VII.3 (IZAS); 5 males, 4 females, China: Guangxi Prov.: Longsheng, Huaping Nature Reserve, Cujiang Spot, 700m, 2007. VII.15–X.5, Coll. Liu Chunxiang (IZAS).</p> <p> <b>Additional description.</b> Male stridulatory teeth gradually becoming smaller from middle to both ends, including about 80 distinct stridulatory teeth and 20 indistinct apical stridulatory teeth (Fig. 27).</p> <p>Measurements (mm). Length of body: male 27.0, female 27.0; of pronotum: male 7.0, female 7.0; height of paranota: male 5.8; length of paranota: male 4.6; of tegmen: male 39.0, female 40.0; largest width of tegmen: male 9.9, female 11.2; length of hind wing: male 42.3, female 42.3; of posterior femur: male 23.0, female 24.0; of apical style of male: 1.12; length of ovipositor 7.0; largest width of ovipositor 3.4.</p> <p> <b>Discussion.</b> Liu (1999) erroneously spelt the genus <i>Ruidocollaris</i> as “ <i>Rudicollaris</i> ”. At the same time, the generic name of all mentioned species in the genus were spelt by mistake, and this species was also erroneously spelt as “ <i>Rudicollaris obscura</i> Liu, <b>sp. nov.</b> ”, when published. Here we just correct the generic name of the species.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (Fig. 98). China (Fujian Prov., Guangdong Prov., Guangxi Prov., Sichuan Prov.).</p>Published as part of <i>Liu, Chun-Xiang & Kang, Le, 2010, A review of the genus Ruidocollaris Liu (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), with description of six new species from China, pp. 36-60 in Zootaxa 2664</i> on page 54, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/276329">10.5281/zenodo.276329</a>
Wang Jieru, Liu Fang, Wang Qiugui
No full textSide A. 王節如, 刘枋 (Both sides) -- Side B. 刘枋, 王節如, 王秋桂.Live recording."7/13/79"--Spine.Electronic reproduction from Rulan Chao Pian Audio Cassette Collection.Spoken in Chinese.Side A. Wang Jieru, Liu Fang (Both sides) -- Side B. Liu Fang, Wang Jieru, Wang Qiugui
WT LP01 from Liu lab, Yale
No full textType four secretion system, T4SS<strong>Tilt Series Date:</strong> 2016-11-28</p>
<strong>Data Taken By:</strong> Yuxi Liu</p>
<strong>Species / Specimen:</strong> Legionella pneumophila</p>
<strong>Strain:</strong> Philadelphia-1_Lp02</p>
<strong>Tilt Series Settings:</strong> Single Axis, tilt range: (-51.0°, 51.0°), step: 3°, constant angular increment, dosage: 50.0 eV/Ų, defocus: -5.0 μm, magnification: 15500x. </p>
<strong>Microscope:</strong> Caltech Polara</p>
<strong>Acquisition Software:</strong> Serial EM</p>
<strong>Upload Method:</strong> pipeline</p>
<strong>Processing Software Used:</strong> None</p>
<strong>Collaborators and Roles:</strong> Data collected by Bo Hu in Jun Liu lab at Yale from their Polara. Partial WT strain data set. Primary literature: doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0165-z</p>Files available via S3 at https://renc.osn.xsede.org/ini210004tommorrell/tomography_archive/ylx2016-11-28-101</p>LP02Jan30A030_driftcorr.mrc, Tilt Series (Pixel Size 0.25 nm), 280.0 B
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Neochauliodes parasparsus Liu & Yang
No full text<i>Neochauliodes parasparsus</i> Liu & Yang <p>(Fig. 43)</p> <p> <i>Neochauliodes parasparsus</i> Liu & Yang, 2005a. Entomol. Sci. 8: 298. Type locality: Henan (Neixiang, Xishan, Songxian, Luanchuan), Shannxi (Xunyangba, Zhenba, Zhen–an, Foping, Xunyang, Ningshan, Zhouzhi), Shanxi (Yuanqu), Hubei (Zigui, Xingshan, Shennongjia), Gansu (Kangxian).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China (Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Shannxi, Shanxi).</p> <p> <b> <i>Neochauliodes parcus</i> Liu & Yang</b> </p> <p>(Fig. 45)</p> <p> <i>Neochauliodes parcus</i> Liu & Yang, 2006a. Ann. Zool. 56: 192. Type locality: Yunnan (Sanchahe, Mangshi).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China (Yunnan).</p>Published as part of <i>Liu, Xingyue, Hayashi, Fumio & Yang, Ding, 2007, Revision of the Neochauliodes sinensis species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Chauliodinae), pp. 29-54 in Zootaxa 1511 (1)</i> on pages 42-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1511.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5087291">http://zenodo.org/record/5087291</a>
Difference based Ridge and Liu type Estimators in Semiparametric Regression Models
No full textWe consider a difference based ridge regression estimator and a Liu type estimator of the regression parameters in the partial linear semiparametric regression model, y = Xβ + f + ε. Both estimators are analysed and compared in the sense of mean-squared error. We consider the case of independent errors with equal variance and give conditions under which the proposed estimators are superior to the unbiased difference based estimation technique. We extend the results to account for heteroscedasticity and autocovariance in the error terms. Finally, we illustrate the performance of these estimators with an application to the determinants of electricity consumption in Germany.Difference based estimator; Differencing estimator, Differencing matrix, Liu estimator, Liu type estimator, Multicollinearity, Ridge regression estimator, Semiparametric model
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