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    A new species of Coelocarteria (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Sulawesi, Indonesia.

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    The present study deals with a new species of the genus Coelocarteria Burton, 1934, to which only two species C. singaporensis (Carter, 1883) and C. spatulosa Bergquist & Fromont, 1988 were till now attributed. The genus has been recently allocated within the sub-order Mycalina (Hajdu et al., 1994), family Isodictyidae Dendy, 1924 on the basis of the reticulate architecture of the choanosome and of the presence of palmate isochelae (Hajdu & Lobo Hajdu, 2002). It has a tropical, Indo-West Pacific distribution, with a single doubtful record from Tristan da Cunha (southern Atlantic Ocean) (Ridley & Dendy, 1887). It occurs both in superficial and deep waters. A new sponge species Coelocarteria agglomerans sp. nov. (Isodictyidae: Mycalina: Poecilosclerida) is described from the reef slopes of Bunaken National Marine Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The new species can be separated from the other two congeneric species: C. singaporensis and C. spatulosa by several characters concerning sponge surface, fistule shape, form and size of the spicules and habitat. In detail it differs from C. singaporensis in the presence of strongyles instead of oxeas as main megascleres and of spines in the shaft of palmate isochelae. It differs from C. spatulosa in the absence of characteristic fistules with spatula shaped hoods and in spicule size, because both categories of strongyles and palmate isochelae are remarkably larger in the latter

    Numerical modelling of droplet formation in a micro cross-junction

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    In this paper, liquid-liquid droplet formation in a cross-junction between stadium-shaped cross-section micro-channels has been studied by means of a CFD OpenFOAM approach. The particularity of the micro-junction considered in this paper is that within the junction the micro-channels have a restriction in the cross-section, while the shape remains stadium-shaped. The junction has the function to focus the dispersed flow and the droplets formed in certain regimes have dimensions that can be related to the dimensions of the junction. The object of this study is to characterise the dimensions of the droplets formed in this micro-junction. The evolution of the droplets are obtained for several ratios of the volume flow rates of the two fluids. A correlation between the dimensionless length of the droplet and the ratio of the volume flow rates are obtained and compared with other correlations available in the literature for different junctions
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