3 research outputs found
Recovery of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons from Oil Field Sludge using Bacillus sp
No full textBioremediation of aliphatic HC (Hydrocarbons) in the oily sludge of Kunnar oil and gas field, Pakistan was attempted by means of previously isolated and developed Bacillus sp. Both autoclaved and non-autoclaved sludge samples were analyzed for a reaction time of 30 days with pH 7 and temperature of 380C in 50 ml MSM growth media for the sludge concentration of 5, 10 and 50% with 2, 4 and 6ml of Bacillus sp. relatively, in air atmosphere. Stabilization of the samples by microbial activity resulted in the decrease in TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) concentration by 60, 69 and 87% in autoclaved samples in contrast to the decrease of 70, 84 and 94% observed in non-autoclaved samples, relatively. Hydrocarbon degradation in oily sludge was investigated via GC which transpired that 97 and 99% concentration of aliphatic hydrocarbons in autoclaved and non-autoclaved samples was removed at 5% of TPH concentration, relatively. However, with 10% TPH concentration aliphatic hydrocarbons reduction was 68% in autoclaved samples to that of 87% in non-autoclaved samples. Further increase in the hydrocarbons concentration by 50% yielded in the removal of aliphatic hydrocarbons by 65% in autoclaved samples as compared to 98% decrease in non-autoclaved samples
Analysis and treatment of industrial wastewater through chemical coagulation-adsorption process-A case study of Clariant Pakistan limited
No full textUNDERGROUD COAL GASIFICATION AND UTILIZATION OF SYNGAS IN VARIOUS FIELDS
Full text linkCoal is the most widely deposited fossil fuel on our planet. That is the reason why it plays a key role in the energy sector. Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a technique that is used in those areas where we cannot getcoal by mining. Those coal reserves having a water layer cannot be extracted by mining easily. So this technique is used where we convert coal in to gas called syngas. This is an atmosphere clean process to reduce 90% Sulphur and CO2in the air called green technology. Thar Desert (Pakistan) has world’s 2nd largest coal reserve of 175 billion ton. In this paper energy scarcity issue in Pakistan has been addressed with focus on thermal psychiatry of Thar coal reserves. The syngas can be utilized for power generation or as feedstock in the production of liquid fuels, fertilizers, or other chemical products.Main benefit for coal gasification in underground is the fact that it is a clean form of energy, because most pollutants remain underground
