197,394 research outputs found
Further properties of Azimi-Hagler Banach spaces
No full textsummary:For the Azimi-Hagler spaces more geometric and topological properties are investigated. Any constructed space is denoted by . We show \item {(i)} The subspace generated by a subsequence of is complemented. \item {(ii)} The identity operator from to when is unbounded. \item {(iii)} Every bounded linear operator on some subspace of is compact. It is known that if any is a dual space, then \item {(iv)} duals of spaces contain isometric copies of and their preduals contain asymptotically isometric copies of . \item {(v)} We investigate the properties of the operators from spaces to their predual
A Heuristic Procedure for the Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem
No full textIn this paper we propose a heuristic method to solve the Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem which has many practical applications in communication networks. The problem consists of finding m rings (simple cycles) visiting a central depot, a subset of customers and a subset of potential (Steiner) nodes, while customers not belonging to any ring must be “allocated” to a visited (customer or Steiner) node. Moreover, the rings must be node-disjoint and the number of customers allocated or visited in a ring cannot be greater than the capacity Q given as an input parameter. The objective is to minimize the total visiting and allocation costs. The problem is a generalization of the Traveling Salesman Problem, hence it is NP-hard.
In the proposed heuristic, after the construction phase, a series of different local search procedures are applied iteratively. This method incorporates some random aspects by perturbing the current solution through a “shaking” procedure which is applied whenever the algorithm remains in a local optimum for a given number of iterations. Computational experiments on the benchmark instances of the literature show that the proposed heuristic is able to obtain, within a short computing time, most of the optimal solutions and can improve some of the best known results
Expression analysis of protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) genes in IFNβ-treated multiple sclerosis patients [Corrigendum]
No full textTaheri M, Azimi G, Sayad A, et al. J Inflamm Res. 2018;11:457–463.On page 457, Author list and Correspondence, the last author’s name was misspelt. The correct name is Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard.Read the original articl
A Variable Neighborhood Search and its Application to a Ring Star Problem Generalization
No full textWe address the Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem (CmRSP) in which the aim is to find m rings (simple cycles) visiting a central depot, a subset of customers and a subset of potential (Steiner) nodes, while customers not belonging to any ring must be “allocated” to a visited (customer or Steiner) node. Moreover, the rings must be node-disjoint and the number of customers allocated or visited in a ring cannot be greater than the capacity Q given as an input parameter. The objective is to minimize the total visiting and allocation costs. The problem is a generalization of the Traveling Salesman Problem, hence it is NP-hard. We present a new approach based on Variable Neighborhood search (VNS), also incorporate the algorithm with an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) based improvement procedure to enhance the quality of the solutions. Comparing the proposed VNS method with the best state-of-the-art algorithms for the CmRSP on a large variety of instances, clearly shows the superiority of the proposed approach
An Integer Linear Programming based heuristic for the Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem
No full textWe address the Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem in which the aim is to find m rings (simple cycles) visiting a central depot, a subset of customers and a subset of potential (Steiner) nodes, while customers not belonging to any ring must be "allocated" to a visited (customer or Steiner) node. Moreover, the rings must be node-disjoint and the number of customers allocated or visited in a ring cannot be greater than a given capacity Q. The objective is to minimize the total visiting and allocation costs. The Capacitated m-Ring-Star Problem is NP-hard, since it generalizes the Traveling Salesman Problem. In this paper we propose a new heuristic algorithm which combines both heuristic and exact ideas to solve the problem. Following the general Variable Neighborhood Search scheme, the algorithm incorporates an Integer Linear Programming based improvement method which is applied whenever the heuristic algorithm is not able to improve the quality of the current solution. Extensive computational experiments, on benchmark instances of the literature and on a new set of instances, have been performed to compare the proposed algorithm with the most effective methods from the literature. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other methods
War Dataset
No full textThis dataset has been used to test the competing hypothesis relevant to war and socioeconomic parameters
Dataset for FII to Economic growth
No full textThis study employs a set of panel data from the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI), IMF's Financial Access Survey, and World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators to test the effects of financial inclusion on economic growth
Basiria khouzestanensis Eisvand & Nejad & Azimi 2019, n. sp.
No full text<i>Basiria khouzestanensis</i> n. sp. <p>Figs 1, 2</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Measurements, see Table 1.</p> <p> <i>Female</i>. Body ventrally arcuate following heat fixation. Cuticle annuli 0.7–1.2 µm wide at mid-body. Lateral field with four incisures, 3.6–4.8 µm wide, occupying 28–30% of body diameter, with non-areolated bands. Lip region smooth and elevated, continuous with body contour, 2.4–3.1 µm high and 4–5.4 µm wide. Amphidial apertures oblique and slit-like. Stylet straight with rounded basal knobs, slightly posteriorly directed, 0.8–1.5 µm across. Dorsal pharyngeal gland orifice (DGO) 4–6 µm posterior to stylet knobs. Median bulb oval, 9–12 µm long and 4–6.6 µm wide, with a weakly developed valve; located at about the middle of the pharynx. Isthmus slender. Basal bulb short and almost pyriform to slightly cylindrical, 6–9.5 µm wide and 12–16.5 µm long. Cardia small. Excretory pore mostly at the level of anterior part of the pharyngeal bulb or rarely at the level of the beginning of the basal bulb, posterior to hemizonid. Nerve ring surrounding the middle part of the isthmus. Reproductive system monodelphic-prodelphic, composed of an outstretched ovary with oocytes arranged in a single row. Spermatheca non-offset, elongated, filled with rounded sperm, 18–36 µm long and 6.5–12 µm wide. Vulva a transverse slit lacking flaps or epiptygma. Vagina 6–7.8 µm long, about one half of body diameter. Post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) 70–77% of corresponding body width in length. Tail elongate-conoid, about equal to the vulva-anus distance, tail terminus variously shaped, mostly slightly rounded to pointed tip in some specimens with a broadly rounded to slightly clavate tip.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>. Less frequent than female and shorter. General morphology similar to that of female, except for character states associated with sexual differences. Testis single, outstretched; Spermatocytes arranged in a single row. Spicules tylenchoid, small and slightly ventrally arcuate. Gubernaculum simple, rod-shaped. Bursa adanal, simple, with smooth margins. Tail similar to that of the female.</p> <p> <b>Type host and locality.</b> Soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i> L.) in the vicinity of Baghmalek city in Khouzestan Province, GPS coordinates: 31° 32′ 21.5″ N, 49° 50′ ″ E, southwestern Iran.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The new species name refers to the province name where it was found.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype, 13 females and 8 males paratypes deposited at the nematology laboratory of the Department of Plant Protection, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Two female and one male paratypes deposited at the Wageningen Nematode Collection (WaNeCo), Wageningen, The Netherlands (collection number: WT 3724).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis and relationships.</b> <i>Basiria khouzestanensis</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is characterized by having short body length (430–635 µm), lateral fields composed of four incisures, with non areolated bands, cephalic region smooth and continuous with body contour, stylet 9–12.5 µm long, basal bulb short and pyriform to slightly cylindrical, V = 63.3 (58–65.5), spermatheca non-offset, tail elongate-conoid, tail tip with various shapes and males with 16.5 (15– 18) µm long spicules.</p> <p> Due to the median bulb located at about the middle of the pharynx and basal bulb pyriform to slightly cylindrical, the new species comes close to <i>B. babhi</i> Siddiqi, 1986, <i>B. brevia</i> (Sultana, 1980) Hashim, 1985, <i>B. graminophila</i> Siddiqi, 1959, <i>B. lauta</i> Randhawa, Khera & Khan, 1996 and <i>B. shahidi</i> Khan, 1982.</p> <p> Compared to <i>B. babhi</i>, the new species has a shorter body (430–635 <i>vs</i> 740–760 µm), lower <i>c</i> ratio (4.9–6.7 <i>vs</i> 8), lower <i>V</i> and <i>V</i> ŕatio (58–65.5 <i>vs</i> 77–78 and 75.1–80 <i>vs</i> 88–89, respectively), tail tip with various shapes (pointed tip and rounded to slightly clavate <i>vs</i> only broadly rounded terminus).</p> <p> Compared to <i>B. brevia</i>, the outer bands of the lateral fields in the new species are smooth (<i>vs</i> distinctly crenate). It also differs in longer body length (430–635 <i>vs</i> 390–420 µm), longer stylet and more posterior DGO (9– 12.5 <i>vs</i> 7.5–8.5 and 4–6 µm <i>vs</i> just behind the stylet base, respectively), basal bulb pyriform to slightly cylindrical (<i>vs</i> pyriform), longer tail (86–120 <i>vs</i> 71–74 µm) and male present (<i>vs</i> unknown).</p> <p> Compared to <i>B. graminophila</i>, the outer bands of the lateral fields in the new species are smooth (<i>vs</i> distinctly crenate), basal bulb pyriform to slightly cylindrical (<i>vs</i> pyriform) and there are remarkable differences in 28S rRNA gene sequences. There was only one record in GenBank for sequence of D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene for <i>B. graminophila</i>. Sequence variation between new species and <i>B. graminophila</i> were 24.6% (133 bp).</p> <p> Compared to <i>B. lauta</i>, the new species has basal bulb pyriform to slightly cylindrical (<i>vs</i> pyriform), higher <i>c</i> ratio (9.3–13.8 <i>vs</i> 5.8–6.6), more posterior DGO (4–6 <i>vs</i> 3.5 µm), tail tip with various shapes (pointed tip and rounded to slightly clavate <i>vs</i> only clavate terminus) and males present (<i>vs</i> unknown).</p> <p> Finally, the new species also resembles <i>B. shahidi</i>, but differs from it by the shorter tail (86–120 <i>vs</i> 134–140 µm), tail tip with various shapes (<i>vs</i> only pointed terminus), and in shorter spicule and gubernaculum lengths (15– 18 vs 21–24 and 3.8–5.5 vs 6–7 µm, respectively).</p> <p> <b>Molecular phylogenetic status.</b> Partial sequencing of the 28S rRNA gene (D2–D3 region) of the new species yielded a fragment of 683 nt. The result of a Blast search using this fragment revealed the highest similarity with three unidentified species of the genus <i>Basiria</i> (JQ004998, JQ004999 and JQ005000) with identities of 87%, 87% and 86%, respectively. A total of 42 isolates of Tylenchidae (ingroup members) and Aphelenchoididae Skarbilovich, 1974 (as outgroup taxa) were selected for LSU rDNA gene (D2–D3 region) phylogenetic analyses. This dataset comprises 822 total characters. The phylogenetic relationships between the new species and representatives of Tylenchidae, as inferred from the Bayesian inference (BI) analysis, are presented in Figure 3. The sequenced isolate from the present study is in boldface.</p> <p> All isolates of <i>Basiria</i> species formed one clade. The monophyly of this clade is highly supported (BPP = 0.99). The new species clusters in a subclade containing three unidentified species of the genus <i>Basiria</i> from Iran (JQ004998, JQ004999 and JQ005000) with high support (BPP = 1.00). <i>B. graminophila</i>, <i>B. gracilis</i> and one unidentified species of the genus <i>Basiria</i> (DQ077803), formed another subclade with high support (BPP = 1.00).</p>Published as part of <i>Eisvand, Payam, Nejad, Reza Farrokhi & Azimi, Sedighe, 2019, Description of Basiria khouzestanensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from Iran and its phylogenetic relationships with other species in the family, pp. 482-490 in Zootaxa 4563 (3)</i> on pages 483-487, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2601410">http://zenodo.org/record/2601410</a>
Cellulose-Based Fibrous Materials From Bacteria to Repair Tympanic Membrane Perforations
No full textPerforation is the most common illness of the tympanic membrane (TM), which is commonly treated with surgical procedures. The success rate of the treatment could be improved by novel bioengineering approaches. In fact, a successful restoration of a damaged TM needs a supporting biomaterial or scaffold able to meet mechano-acoustic properties similar to those of the native TM, along with optimal biocompatibility. Traditionally, a large number of biological-based materials, including paper, silk, Gelfoam®, hyaluronic acid, collagen, and chitosan, have been used for TM repair. A novel biopolymer with promising features for tissue engineering applications is cellulose. It is a highly biocompatible, mechanically and chemically strong polysaccharide, abundant in the environment, with the ability to promote cellular growth and differentiation. Bacterial cellulose (BC), in particular, is produced by microorganisms as a nanofibrous three-dimensional structure of highly pure cellulose, which has thus become a popular graft material for wound healing due to a number of remarkable properties, such as water retention, elasticity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and transparency. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current experimental studies of BC, focusing on the application of BC patches in the treatment of TM perforations. In addition, computational approaches to model cellulose and TM are summarized, with the aim to synergize the available tools toward the best design and exploitation of BC patches and scaffolds for TM repair and regeneration
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