36 research outputs found
Relationship between circulating levels of IFN‐γ, IL‐10, CXCL9 and CCL2 in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis is dependent on disease severity
No full textProtection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is dependent on T cell and macrophage activation regulated by cytokines. Cytokines and chemokines produced at disease sites may be released into circulation. Data available on circulating cytokines in tuberculosis (TB) is mostly on pulmonary TB (PTB) with limited information on extrapulmonary disease (EPul-TB). We measured interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interkeukin-10 (IL-10), CXCL9 and CCL2 in sera of patients ( n = 80) including; PTB ( n = 42), EPul-TB ( n = 38) and BCG vaccinated healthy endemic controls (EC, n = 42). EPul-TB patients comprised those with less severe (LNTB) or severe (SevTB) disease. Serum IFN-γ, IL-10 and CXCL9 levels were significantly greater while CCL2 was reduced in TB patients as compared with EC. IFN-γ was significantly greater in PTB as compared with LNTB ( P = 0.002) and SevTB ( P = 0.029). CXCL9 was greater in PTB as compared with LNTB ( P = 0.009). In contrast, CCL2 levels were reduced in PTB as compared with LNTB ( P = 0.021) and SevTB ( P = 0.024). A Spearman’s rank correlation analysis determined a positive association between IFN-γ and IL-10 (rho = 0.473, P = 0.002) and IFN-γ and CXCL9 (rho = 0.403, P = 0.008) in the PTB group. However, in SevTB, only IFN-γ and CXCL9 were positively associated (rho = 0.529, P = 0.016). Systemic levels of cytokines are reflective of local responses at disease sites. Therefore, our data suggests that in PTB increased IFN-γ and CXCL9 balanced by IL-10 may result in a more effective cell mediated response in the host. However, elevated inflammatory chemokines CXCL9 and CCL2 in severe EPul-TB without concomitant down modulatory cytokines may exacerbate disease related pathology and hamper restriction of M. tuberculosis infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Peer reviewedfinal article publishe
The prevalence and etiology of maxillary midline diastema among orthodontic patients attending Shorsh Dental Clinic in Sulaimani City
No full textMaxillary midline diastema (MMD) is a common aesthetic problem of people seeking orthodontic problem, which meansspacing greater than 0.5 mm between the proximal surfaces of maxillary central incisors. The causes for MMD may be: highfrenum attachment; microdontia; macrognathia; supernumerary teeth; peg laterals; missing lateral incisors; midline cysts andunhealthy oral habits.Objectives: The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of MMD among Shorish dental clinic`s patientsseeking orthodontic treatment and to find the factors associated with this anomaly.Materials and Methods: During 6 months, 507 patients with age (13 – 40) years old attending Shorish Dental Clinic, seekingorthodontic treatment were screened to find the prevalence and etiology of MMD.Result: The MMD was present in 110 patients (21.7%). The frequency of MMD was the same in males and females. It ishighest in the young age group and lowest in the older age group (29% vs. 4%).Conclusion: The most frequent factor among the observed etiological factors was oral unhealthy habit which was found in40% of MMD patients and 8.7% of all cases
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for performance of Solar Invictus 53S – A parabolic dish solar collector for direct steam generation
No full textSteam generation control in Solar Invictus 53S - A parabolic dish solar collector for direct steam generation
No full textThe prevalence and etiology of maxillary midline diastema among orthodontic patients attending Shorsh Dental Clinic in Sulaimani City
No full textMesoporous carbon synthesized from different pore sizes of SBA-15 for high density electrode supercapacitor application
No full textCollected Papers (on Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics), Volume XI
No full textThis eleventh volume of Collected Papers includes 90 papers comprising 988 pages on Physics, Artificial Intelligence, Health Issues, Decision Making, Economics, Statistics, written between 2001-2022 by the author alone or in collaboration with the following 84 co-authors (alphabetically ordered) from 19 countries: Abhijit Saha, Abu Sufian, Jack Allen, Shahbaz Ali, Ali Safaa Sadiq, Aliya Fahmi, Atiqa Fakhar, Atiqa Firdous, Sukanto Bhattacharya, Robert N. Boyd, Victor Chang, Victor Christianto, V. Christy, Dao The Son, Debjit Dutta, Azeddine Elhassouny, Fazal Ghani, Fazli Amin, Anirudha Ghosha, Nasruddin Hassan, Hoang Viet Long, Jhulaneswar Baidya, Jin Kim, Jun Ye, Darjan Karabašević, Vasilios N. Katsikis, Ieva Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, F. Kaymarm, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Madad Khan, Qaisar Khan, M. Khoshnevisan, Kifayat Ullah,, Volodymyr Krasnoholovets, Mukesh Kumar, Le Hoang Son, Luong Thi Hong Lan, Tahir Mahmood, Mahmoud Ismail, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Siti Nurul Fitriah Mohamad, Mohamed Loey, Mai Mohamed, K. Mohana, Kalyan Mondal, Muhammad Gulfam, Muhammad Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Jamil, Muhammad Yaqub Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Nguyen Dinh Hoa, Cu Nguyen Giap, Nguyen Tho Thong, Peide Liu, Pham Huy Thong, Gabrijela Popović, Surapati Pramanik, Dmitri Rabounski, Roslan Hasni, Rumi Roy, Tapan Kumar Roy, Said Broumi, Saleem Abdullah, Muzafer Saračević, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Shariful Alam, Shyamal Dalapati, Housila P. Singh, R. Singh, Rajesh Singh, Predrag S. Stanimirović, Kasan Susilo, Dragiša Stanujkić, Alexandra Şandru, Ovidiu Ilie Şandru, Zenonas Turskis, Yunita Umniyati, Alptekin Ulutaș, Maikel Yelandi Leyva Vázquez, Binyamin Yusoff, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Zhao Loon Wang.
Modern Arabic literary biography : a study of character portrayal in the works of Egyptian biographers of the first half of the twentieth century, with special reference to literary biography
No full textIn Chapter one, I presented a comparative definition of the meaning of Sirah (PI.Siyar), Tarjamah (Pl. Tarajim), Manaqib, Tabaqat and Maghazi as they were understood in antiquity. I also showed how the meaning of Sirah in modern times has only narrowly developed. Although the method of biographical writing continuously developed in Europe, it hardly progressed in Modem Arabic Literature. The only exception was seen in the writings by the pioneers of enlightenment in Egypt at the beginning of the twentieth century. This change of direction relied on borrowing European methodology in biographical writing.
In chapter two, I reviewed the early attempts at writing biographies in the nineteenth century by Abd al Rahman al- Jabarti and Ali Mubarak. Although both were the first
pioneers in this respect, yet they followed the footpath of classical approach above all that of al-Maqarizi from whom -Ali Mubarak derived inspiration in his book Al-Khitat al-Tawfiqiyyah.
In chapter three, I studied the twentieth century, starting with traditional biography writers who could not employ European methodologies and whose writings oscillated between biographical notes and biographical sketches; or whose texts were more of a literary study than a biography proper.
In chapters four to nine, I selected the most renowned, productive writers who best represented methodologies of biography writing. Perhaps certain writers have not
been mentioned in this period of study. This is not out of negligence but simply because their texts were totally out of reach, or their writings did not exhibit the
required literary criteria.
All methodologies representing the theory of biography writing in Egypt have been analysed in these chapters. All, in fact, form a digestion or assimilation of French,English and German schools. In Egypt, Taha Husayn is considered the chairman of the French school, al-Mazini and al-Aqqad of the English/German schools, al-Nuwaihi of the psychoanalytical/anatomical school and Sidqi who employed both. By contrast, al Iryan was the trailblazer of the distinguished biographical novel.
In these chapters, I tried to lay out the general outlines these writers have produced in the production of biographical texts, and how these attempts were a successful step on the road of presenting literary biographies characterized by high world standards.
Chapter ten may well seem traditional, but it is important to give a comparative outlook on the views of biography writers themselves when they study and analyse
the same character.
Among the characters studied ,I selected Bashsliar, Abu Nuwas, Ibn al-Run-i, al-Mutanabbi and al-Maarri. These are outstanding landmarks in the history of Arab verse and the subject of a multitude of studies as well. Modern biographers took these figures as a test field for the deployment and employment of biographical methodologies. I selected these examples to provide comparisons and explain how far these biographies were successful in producing a biography or a profile of those classical poets.
The conclusion and the bibliographical list arrived at the end of research.
I wish, however, to clarify one important point here. It seems that I could not fix the year 1950 as the temporal parameter of my research but took some textswhich were
published shortly beyond that point. The reason for this obvious extension was either to give additional useful details or simply because chapters of such texts had already
been published prior to that year and were known to the readership.
At times I would satisfy myself with analysing the part rather than the whole. This again was meant to eschew repetition or was due to the fact that the book in question
was not available
Computability of digital cubical singular homology of -digital images
No full textDigital cubical singular homology for digital images was developed by the first and third authors, and digital analogues to various results in classical algebraic topology were proved. Another homology denoted was developed by the second author for -digital images, which is computationally much simpler than . This paper shows the functoriality of , as well as a chain map between and when is a -digital image.26 page
Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Bis-Piperidinium Compounds
No full textSHORT COMMUNICATION e quaternary nitrogen group is an essential component for many biologically active compounds synthesized so far. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) play an important role in living processes such as transmethylation reaction of lipid metabolism (cholin), nerve impulse transmission (acetylcholine) or metabolism of carbohydrates (from vitamins to carboxylases) Antibacterial activity of long-chain quaternary ammonium compounds was reported for the first time by Given this very brief literature review, little data describing the antimicrobial properties of piperidinium compounds is available. To study antibacterial and antifungal properties of bis-piperidinium compounds, we synthesized two new series of compounds (2-13 and 15-26) and investigated their properties. Twenty four bis-piperidinium compounds (2-13 and 15-26) were synthesized from readily available starting materials and tested for their antimicrobial properties. e synthesis of bis-piperidinium compounds are shown as Antimicrobial Activities of Novel Bis-Piperidinium Compounds K e y w o r d s: bis-piperidinium, quaternary ammonium, piperidinium, antimicrobial activity * Correspondending author: M
