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Islamska teokracija šiitskih dvanajstnikov v Iranu
No full textThe paper introduces the concept of Velayat-e faqih (Guardianship of the
Jurist) as actual political system in Iran. The Farsi concept transfers the authority, political
and religious, to the Shia clergy called ruling faqih (ruling jurist). It means that the religious
leader (Vali-e faqih) is in fact the supreme leader in Iran. He gets his authority from God
and he has already been appointed by the Hidden Imam and he would just be discovered
by Maraj-e taghlid. Shia Islam knows a particular meaning of the concept Velayat-e faqih,
started by Islamic Revolution in 1979. The paper presents the interpretation of the doctrine
formulated by the dissident Iranian cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The presentation
is based on his book Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist. The paper compares
different views of Velayat-e faqih and it describes the relation of the actual Iranian understanding of Velayat-e faqih with traditional Shia custom and practice. This paper is written
in English but it is based on the Farsi bibliography and is supported by the life experience
of the political system.Članek predstavlja koncept Velayat-e faqih (Pravnikovo skrbništvo) kot trenutno
politično ureditev v Iranu. Perzijski koncept izroča politično in versko oblast šiitskemu duhovniku, ki se imenuje vladajoči faqih (vladajoči pravnik). To pomeni, da je verski voditelj
(Vali-e faqih) v resnici vrhovni voditelj v Iranu. Bog mu je dal avtoriteto in Skriti imam ga je
imenoval, neposredno pa ga je odkril Maraj-e taghlid. Šiitski islam pozna poseben pomen
izraza Velayat-e faqih, ki ga je začela islamska revolucija leta 1979. Prispevek predstavlja
interpretacijo doktrine, ki jo je oblikoval disidentski iranski klerik ajatola Ruholah Homeini.
Članek temelji na njegovi knjigi Islamska vlada: vladanje pravnika, ki je bila prvič natisnjena
leta 1970. Avtorja primerjata različne poglede na Velayat-e faqih in opišeta razmerje sedanjega iranskega razumevanja koncepta s tradicionalnimi šiitskimi običaji in prakso. Članek
je napisan v angleščini, vendar temelji na iranski bibliografiji in je podprt z življenjskimi
izkušnjami političnega sistem
