6 research outputs found
Text Editing: A Comparative Analysis of Some Important Texts: تدوین متن:چند اہم متون کا تقابلی جائزہ
No full textEditing refers to arranging the text according to the author's intention and identifying the modifications and distortions in it and restoring the text to the state in which the author himself wrote it with the help of other authentic texts and evidence. The main thing is the text. The quality of criticism and research depends on the accuracy of the text. If seen in this sense, the importance of editing becomes clear. The rules and regulations of editing are not scientific and universal in nature. Amendments may be made. In the research study of Urdu language and literature in the first half of the 20th century, the names of Hafiz Mahmood Sherani Mudavvan "Majmua e Naghz", Imtiyaz Ali Khan Arshi Mudavvan "Dewan Ghalib" and Rasheed Hassan Khan Mudavvan"Bagh-o-Bahar" are found. These important authors of Urdu have edited different types of texts and tried to explain the principles and procedures of editing in their prefaces. While reviewing, comparisons will be made so that general principles of editing different types of texts can be brought out.
References:
Ahmed Raza, Mutrjm: Hindustani Matani Tanqeed ka taruf, Lahore: Kitab Mahal, seen noon, P.79
Karim Uddin Ahmed, Tareekh Shu'ara Urdu, Bahawala: Debacha -e-Murtab,Hafiz Mehmood Sherani,Majmua-e-Naghz,Dehli: Taraqqi Urdu Board,1973,P.Laam
Farman Fatehpuri, Dr. Urdu Shu'ara ke Tazkire aur Tazkira Nigari,Lahore:Majlis Taraqqi Adab,1972, P.11
Ibid P.11
Imtiyaz Ali Khan Arshi,Muqadma,Dewan-e-Ghalib,Lahore:Majlis Taraqqi Adab,1992,P.75
Ibid
Ibid
Rasheed Hassan Khan,Muqadma,Bagh-o-Bahar,Nai Dehli:Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu Hind,1992 ,P.4
Recommended from our members
Technological impact on the art of moviemaking: deploying new and convergent media to redefine a model for Pakistan’s cinema
No full textThis thesis examines the decline in Pakistani cinema during the last two decades. It examines the history of the cinema and exposes some possible, previously ignored, causes for that decline. This research led the author to ask “Can new and convergent media be helpful in reviving the Pakistani cinema?” The thesis introduces the ideas of established and emergent cinema, building on the work of Williams (1977) in discussing the ideas of dominant, residual and emergent culture. The exploration reveals two gaps in the film industry: first, the lack of training in the making of films; and, second, the change in possible production methods allowed by new and emergent technologies. The thesis addresses both of these gaps by suggesting new production paradigms which incorporate the new technology and by examining two scripts to develop methodologies for teaching. The scripts are produced into films as the practice section of the research. The first film, creative element 1, is developed using some of the new tehnologies, students as crew and the available resources of an educational establishment to test the methodologies that have been derived. The outcomes of the creative element 1 laid the foundation of the second film, creative element 2. It is shot on mobile phones and distributed from Pakistan through Vimeo with a negligible budget. The social networks helped to arrange equipment and locations and allowed extreme freedom to the filmmaker
Effect of a Health Education Intervention on Practices of Hospital Laboratory Staff; A Quasi-Experimental Study
No full textBackground: The incidence of Laboratory acquired infections is on the rise despite the existence and continuous upgradation of infection prevention protocols. The objective of this study was to determine the practice of lab staff before and after carrying out an intervention in the form of health education intervention based on WHO protocols for infection prevention.
Methods: This is a Quasi-experimental study carried out in three hospitals in Rawalpindi. A total of n=38 technical and non-technical lab staff participated in the study. Laboratory practices were observed by the researchers themselves for a week. Then an education session was conducted for the staff regarding the World Health Organization (WHO) standard protocols for infection control. The post-intervention data were collected after about two weeks of health education sessions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Paired t-test was applied to compare the mean scores of pre- and post-interventional data.
Results: The laboratory staff participated in the study mostly 19(50%) belonging to the age(years) range of 20-27. The percentage of respondents having good practice of infection prevention protocols before intervention was 7.5%, after the intervention this increased to 57.9%. Paired t-test showed that the difference in practice mean score of pre- and post-interventional data was statistically significant (CI=21.55-15.33 p-value=0.001).
Conclusion: Pre-intervention data showed that the practice of the staff was not completely in accordance with WHO infection prevention. After delivering the education session on WHO infection prevention protocols, there was a significant improvement in the practices of laboratory staff
Dyslipidaemia In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
No full textThe aims of the study-were to define the prevalence of dyslipidaemia, its correlation with glycaemic control and contributory factors of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic patients
Analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block versus serratus anterior plane block in breast surgery—a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
No full textAbstract Background Mastectomy and breast-conserving surgery are key interventions for breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Many undergoing breast surgery experience postoperative pain compromising their functionality and quality of life. While multiple pain management strategies are available, evidence comparing the erector spinae (ESPB) and serratus anterior plane blocks (SAPB) for improving post-surgical pain management in breast cancer surgery patients is limited. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy and safety of these two regional anesthesia techniques. Methods After PROSPERO registration, we systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library until May 2024. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes and standard mean differences (SMD) or mean differences (MD) were computed for continuous data. RevMan Review Manager 5.4.1 was used for the data analysis and generation of forest plots as well as funnel plots. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 (18) and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines were used to appraise and evaluate the evidence (19). Results A total of 9 randomized control trials enrolling 550 patients were included. Static pain scores at 0, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery, dynamic pain scores computed at 0, 8, 12, and 24 h after surgery and area under the curve (AUC) static pain score at all time points between 0 and 24 h (SMD (HKSJ 95% CI) − 0.27 [− 0.99, 0.45]) did not significantly vary with either plane block. Postoperative morphine consumption in the first 24 h and the number of patients requesting analgesia were significantly greater in those receiving SAPB [MD: − 1.41 (95% C.I. − 2.70, − 0.13), p = 0.03] and [RR: 1.28 (95% C.I. 1.00, 1.63), p = 0.05], respectively. The time to first postoperative analgesic use was significantly greater among those administered ESPB [MD: 1.55 h, (95% C.I. 1.02, 2.09), p < 0.01]. Patient satisfaction scores and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were similar across both groups. Conclusions While pain scores with either block are comparable, ESPB reduces postoperative morphine consumption and may be the favorable option in breast cancer patients undergoing surgery
