25 research outputs found
Ultrasound biomicroscopy value in evaluation of restoration of ciliary muscles contractility after cataract extraction
No full textAyser Abd El-Hameed Fayed Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Banha University, Banha, Egypt Purpose: To assess the changes in the contractility of the ciliary muscle in eyes with presbyopia before and after phacoemulsification and intracapsular lens implantation using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Patients and methods: This prospective study included 50 eyes of 30 consecutive subjects operated at the Department of Ophthalmology. Patients with any ocular disorder affecting visual acuity, corneal surface irregularities, had posterior capsular perforation or intensive postoperative corneal edema, or were <35 years of age, were excluded. A clear corneal phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens were implanted. UBM was performed with and without instilling 2% pilocarpine. Ciliary body axial length (CBAXL), anterior chamber depth, and angle were measured before and 1 month after surgery. Results: The CBAXL showed a greater contractile shortening (P<0.5), with centripetal, contractile shift of ciliary muscle mass. Conclusion: After phacoemulsification and intracapsular lens implantation, ultrasonic biomicroscopy showed significant centripetal movement of the ciliary body compared with that before surgery. This shows that a lenticular sclerotic component may influence both lens movement and the contractility of the ciliary muscle and is believed to be related to the presbyopia. Keywords: ciliary body, presbyopia, accommodation, intraocular lens, pilocarpin
Ultrasound biomicroscopy value in evaluation of restoration of ciliary muscles contractility after cataract extraction
No full textEvaluation of the lamina cribrosa morphology in correlation to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
No full textEfficacy of transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for keratoconus: 12-month follow-up
No full textMohamed A Heikal, Tarek Tawfik Soliman, Ayser Fayed, Abdelmonem M Hamed Department of Ophthalmology, Benha University, Benha, Egypt Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking (TE-CXL) in patients with progressive keratoconus. Patients and methods: This is a prospective interventional consecutive study carried out on 30 eyes of 18 patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent TE-CLX using both ParaCel™ (riboflavin 0.25%, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, NaCl, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA], Tris, and benzalkonium chloride) and vibeX-Xtra (riboflavin 0.22%, phosphate-buffered saline solution). The procedure was carried out at Ebsar Eye Center in Egypt in the period from 2012 to 2014. The follow-up visits were scheduled on days 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Results: There were statistically significant improvements (P<0.001) in the mean best-corrected visual acuity (0.54±0.22 preoperatively vs 0.61±0.19 at 12 months postoperatively), the mean manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE; -6.16±3.90 diopters [D] preoperatively and -5.91±3.72 D at 12 months postoperatively), and the mean preoperative corneal astigmatism (-3.39±2.11 D preoperatively and -2.46±2.60 D at 12 months postoperatively). Conclusion: TE-CXL could halt the progression of keratoconus in adult patients. TE-CXL resulted in a statistically significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, refractive and corneal astigmatism and K values in keratoconus patients at the 12-month follow-up. Larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are required in order to make meaningful conclusions. Keywords: corneal astigmatism, refractive astigmatism, transepithelial crosslinking, progressive keratoconu
Evaluation of the filtering bleb and its relation to an intrascleral aqueous drainage route after trabeculectomy using ultrasound biomicroscopy
No full textPurpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between filtering bleb parameters (height, extent) and the wideness of the aqueous drainage route beneath the scleral flap using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in patients who have undergone trabeculectomy with and without mitomycin-C (MMC).
Design
This was a prospective interventional observation uncontrolled study.
Patients and methods
A total of 30 patients undergoing 30 glaucoma filtering surgeries were assessed for at least 6 months using UBM to evaluate the bleb reflectivity, the visibility of the route under the scleral flap, the bleb height, and the extent in correlation with the mean intraocular pressure. Patients were divided into two groups: group A included 15 eyes in which trabeculectomy was performed without MMC and group B included 15 eyes in which trabeculectomy was performed with MMC (0.4%) applied for 2 min.
Results
The reflectivity inside the filtering bleb showed a significant correlation with the maximal width of the aqueous drainage route and the maximal height and the extent of the bleb. Furthermore, the bleb function was significantly associated with its UBM image in eyes trabeculectomized with adjunctive MMC.
Conclusion
The study concluded that the internal structure of the bleb can be a more sensitive predictor of the outcome of filtering surgery
The smart safety Shoe: A new type of safety shoe that helps prevent lower back problems and opens the door to a new era of preventive safety footwear
No full textThe smart safety shoe is a concept safety shoe that has been in development as a collaboration between Allshoes safety footwear and TU Delft since 2020. Previous work on the shoe consisted of 2 graduation projects and a student course which resulted in the current concept of an injury preventing safety shoe focused on preventing lower back pain in the logistics sector. The shoe works by using pressure sensors and machine learning to detect unhealthy postures while its wearer has to lift various objects as part of their job (manual handling). This project focused on further developing the concept of the smart safety shoe and evaluating the prototypes from the last two projects. Previous projects provided two different pressure sensor layouts which are evaluated using a high-end pressure sensing insole. A manual handling experiment was set up and performed on 16 different participants from a lab and a warehouse. During testing participants were instructed to perform manual handling while holding 5 different postures. It was possible to train a machine learning model using the various pressure profiles gathered from the experiment. Using this model, the two sensor layouts from the previous projects were evaluated for their ability to detect the 5 predetermined postures. It was found that the latest layout outperformed the previous one and was therefore selected for further development of the smart safety shoe.The integration of various other sensors and actuators was evaluated, and the core functions of the shoe were defined with an indication towards future improvements of the smart safety shoe.The shoe has now been publicly presented by Allshoes and the goal is to have the product on the market by the end of 2025. In order for this to happen further prototyping is needed to create an improved machine learning model based on the selected sensor layout. The shoe shows promising responses from current safety shoe clients. When finally launched it will be part of a new type of protective equipment focused on prevention.Design for Interactio
Artificial Intelligence for marketing plan: the case for e-marketing companies
No full textУ статті узагальнено аргументи та контраргументи в рамках наукової дискусії щодо застосування штучного інтелекту
(ШІ) при підготовці маркетингового плану в Інтернеті. Систематизація літературних джерел та підходів до вирішення
проблеми застосування маркетингових інструментів засвідчила, що ШІ дозволяє підвищити ефективність проведення
аналізу конкурентоспроможності компаній, оцінювання стратегій конкурентів, планування маркетингового бюджету та
моніторінгу його виконнання тощо. Виявлено проблеми ШІ, які можуть вплинути на ефективність діяльності компаній.
Метою роботи є дослідження можливостей використання ШІ при підготовці маркетингового плану компанії. Для досягнення
поставленої мети, дослідження проведено у наступній логічній послідовності: 1) формування стратифікованої вибірки
дослідження на основі статистичних даних 141 компанії в різних галузях; 2) аналіз даних за допомогою програмного
забезпечення SPSS; 3) аналіз можливостей застосування ШІ при підготовці маркетингового плану; 4) визначення етапів
процесу підготовки маркетингового плану на основі можливостей ШІ. Об’єктом дослідження є компанії Королівства
Саудівської Аравії. Практичну реалізацію всіх етапів дослідження здійснено з використанням статистичних методів
множинної регресії та тесту Фрідмана. Дослідження емпірично підтверджує та теоретично доводить, що ШІ має суттєве
значення у процесі розробки маркетингових планів завдяки можливостям аналізу зовнішнього середовища та стратегій
конкурентів, а також формування маркетингових цілей компанії. При цьому ШІ може застосовуватись у підготовці та оцінці
бюджету та маркетингового плану, а також здійснювати подальший моніторінг їх виконання. У ході дослідження автор
приходить до висновку, що ШІ сприяє кращому розумінню цільових ринків та аудиторії, дозволяє підготувати відповідні
стратегії. Наведено практичні рекомендації щодо особливостей застосування ШІ при підготовці маркетингового плану
компанії.This paper summarises the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on
artificial intelligence (AI) in preparing a marketing plan for e-marketing organizations. This research aims to identify
the extent of the contribution of AI in preparing the marketing plan. The author noted that intended to know how emarketing companies could use AI techniques in situation analysis, analyze competitors' strategies, strategic goals,
preparing marketing strategies, preparing an estimated marketing budget, and control a marketing plan.
Systematization of the scientific background and approaches on preparing a marketing plan for e-marketing
organizations indicates that many companies, especially small companies, marketing their products via the Internet,
cannot develop a successful marketing plan. In turn, it could be solved through the use of AI techniques. The study
was conducted on a group of companies that market their products via the Internet in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
To gain the research goal, this study was carried out in the following logical sequence: 1) developing the stratified
sample by collecting statistical information for 141 company in a variety of fields; 2) analyzing the data using SPSS;
3) predicting how AI could be used in preparing the marketing plan; 4) identifying the arrangement of the steps for
preparing the marketing plan in terms of the ability of AI techniques. The methodological tools of the study were
methods of the multiple regression analysis and the Friedman test. The study empirically confirms and theoretically
proves that AI contributes significantly in developing marketing plans through its great contribution to environmental
analysis and analysis of competitors' strategies and setting marketing goals. Besides, AI contributes to preparing the
budget and appreciating the marketing plan, to its evaluation and control. The author mentioned that AI provides
understanding and selecting target markets and sectors, targeting customers, and preparing appropriate marketing
mix strategies for each market sector. Therefore, the study provides recommendations to online organizations to
use AI in preparing their marketing plan because of its great ability to contribute to this
Stresses at the Intersection of Sphere and Cylinder by a Variant Finite-Difference Method
No full textThe aim of this paper is the determination of stresses at the intersection of cylinder with the sphere using a variant finite-difference technique. Mesh lines are drawn on the cross section of the body which are roughly parallel and perpendicular to the boundary, and which the author calls natural meshes. Discretization of the governing differential equations must be carried out to reduce the continuous problem to a discrete problem, this discretization converts the problem into a set of linear simultaneous equations for the functions under consideration at a set of mesh points. The derivatives to be inserted in the governing equations and boundary conditions are found by writing Taylor series expansions at a point in terms of five neighboring points in the case where the point is an internal point (four for a boundary point). By an elimination process the derivatives can be eliminated for each point, and we are left with the unknown functions only.</jats:p
Efficacy of transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking for keratoconus: 12-month follow-up
No full textEvaluation of anterior segment changes using ultrasound biomicroscopy following phacoemulsification and implantation of one-piece and three-piece intraocular lenses in high myopia
No full textAim
The aim of this research was to study the performance of the implanted one-piece and three-piece intraocular lenses (IOLs) in relation to the enlarged diameters of the capsular bags of the highly myopic eyes.
Patients and methods
Patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A included 15 eyes that underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of one-piece IOLs, and group B included 15 eyes that underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of three-piece IOLs. All patients included in this study were high myopes with axial length greater than 26.5 mm. All eyes were planned for clear lens extraction or cataract extraction.
Results
In group A, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between the diameters of the capsular bags and the diameters of the implanted one-piece IOLs. The correlation coefficient (r) is −0.56. In group B, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between the diameters of the capsular bags and the diameters of the implanted three-piece IOLs. The correlation coefficient (r) is 0.86.
Conclusion
The study of this correlation is to help in answering an important question − that is, does one diameter IOL fit all capsular bags? The statistical analyses in both groups point to a statistically significant correlation between the diameters of the capsular bags and the diameters of the implanted IOLs in both groups A and B, which demonstrates the absence of fitting of both sorts of IOLs in relation to the enlarged capsular bags of the highly myopic eyes − i.e. it focuses on the divergence between the size of the IOLs and that of the capsular bag
